Based on femtosecond laser system (Light Conversion PHAROS), mid-infrared pulses are prepared using optical parametric amplifier (ORPHEUS) and difference frequency generator (LYRA). The output serves wavelength-tunable multi-cycle pulses with repetition rate of 100 kHz. The spectral linewidth of the pulse is 15.4 meV in full-width half-maximum and the pulse duration is estimated to be 120 fs assuming a Fourier-transform-limited pulse. To control its ellipticity, liquid crystal retarder (Thorlabs LCC1111-MIR) is employed, whose optical axis is oriented at an angle of 45° with respect to the laser polarization. Then, mid-infrared pulses are focused at roughly center of the graphene device by ZnSe focusing objectives with spot size of 150 m. Emitted HHG has been collected by 50X objective lens on transmission geometry, and its polarization is analyzed by half-wave plate mounted on motorized stage and fixed Glan-Taylor polarizer. The HHG spectra are recorded by an electron-multiplying charge-coupled device detector (ProEM, Princeton instruments) and grating spectrometer (SP-2300, Princeton instruments) at Materials Imaging & Analysis Center of POSTECH.
Proem
Manufactured by Teledyne
Sourced in United States
The ProEM is a scientific instrument designed for advanced imaging and spectroscopic applications. It features a high-performance charge-coupled device (CCD) sensor that enables efficient light detection and high-resolution image capture. The ProEM provides accurate and reliable data collection for a variety of research and industrial applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Sp2300, by Teledyne (2 mentions)
Eclipse ti u, by Nikon (1 mentions)
Autolab pgstat302n, by Metrohm (1 mentions)
Acton spectrapro sp 2300, by Teledyne (1 mentions)
Spectrapro hrs 300, by Teledyne (1 mentions)
Picoharp 300, by PicoQuant (1 mentions)
Neo 5, by Oxford Instruments (1 mentions)
Isoplane sct 320, by Teledyne (1 mentions)
Rms4x, by Olympus (1 mentions)
Sp 2300i, by Teledyne (1 mentions)
Ff01 642 10 25, by IDEX Corporation (1 mentions)
Eclipse ti u with perfect focus system, by Nikon (1 mentions)
Blp01 647r 25, by IDEX Corporation (1 mentions)
9 protocols using proem
1
High-Harmonic Generation in Graphene
2
Single-molecule Fluorescence Imaging Technique
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Fluorescence image and photon counting trajectories
are acquired
with an inverted microscope (Olympus IX71). The excitation laser (CrystaLaser)
beam is reflected by a dichroic beam splitter (Chroma Technology,
z532rdc) and focused onto cell membrane by a high numerical-aperture
objective (Olympous, UPlanSApo 1.2 NA, 60×). In all correlated
experiments, a 532 nm CW-laser is used, but for antibody labeled cell
imaging, we have used 632 nm He–Ne laser (Figure2 C). To obtain the fluorescence images and intensity trajectories,
the emission signals are passed through a 545 long pass filter and
then the signals are separated by a dichroic beam splitter (645dcxr)
into two colors to separate out the emission signal of donor, Alexa-532
and acceptor, ATTO- 594. The signals from donor and acceptor (Figure1 C) are then focused on electron multiplying charge
coupled device (EMCCD) camera (Princeton Instruments, ProEM) for single-molecule
fluorescence signal time-trajectory measurement.
are acquired
with an inverted microscope (Olympus IX71). The excitation laser (CrystaLaser)
beam is reflected by a dichroic beam splitter (Chroma Technology,
z532rdc) and focused onto cell membrane by a high numerical-aperture
objective (Olympous, UPlanSApo 1.2 NA, 60×). In all correlated
experiments, a 532 nm CW-laser is used, but for antibody labeled cell
imaging, we have used 632 nm He–Ne laser (Figure
the emission signals are passed through a 545 long pass filter and
then the signals are separated by a dichroic beam splitter (645dcxr)
into two colors to separate out the emission signal of donor, Alexa-532
and acceptor, ATTO- 594. The signals from donor and acceptor (Figure
coupled device (EMCCD) camera (Princeton Instruments, ProEM) for single-molecule
fluorescence signal time-trajectory measurement.
3
Optical Imaging and Electrochemistry of AuNP on MoS2
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The optical imaging of a single AuNP on an MoS2 monolayer-covered gold film was measured by an inverted dark-field microscope (Eclipse Ti-U, Nikon), which was equipped with an oil-immersed dark-field condenser (NA = 1.20 to 1.43), a water-immersed objective lens (NA = 0.6, 40×, part number MRH08430), and a quartz tungsten halogen lamp (LV-LH50PC, Nikon) as the light source. The dark-field scattering spectrums of a single AuNP on MoS2 monolayer-covered gold film were captured by a grating spectrometer (Acton Spectra Pro SP-2300, Princeton Instruments) equipped with a liquid-nitrogen-cooled charge-coupled device (CCD). The extinction spectra of individual AuNPs on MoS2 monolayer surfaces were measured by a spectrometer (SP-2-300, Princeton Instruments) and an electron-multiplying charge-coupled device (EMCCD) camera (ProEM+, Princeton Instruments). The electrochemical measurements were carried out with three-electrode system by an Autolab (Autolab PGSTAT302N, Metrohm AG). The square step potential can be applied on the sample and the corresponding current of the entire electrode is recorded by the Autolab. The Ag/AgCl wire and Pt coil were used as the reference electrode and the counterelectrode, respectively. The MoS2 monolayer-covered gold film was the working electrode. The electrolyte is 0.1 M NaF aqueous solution.
4
Polarization-Resolved SHG of WSe2
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The crystal orientation of the WSe2 sample was characterized using polarization-resolved SHG. As a laser source, we used a Coherent Chameleon Ultra II laser emitting tunable pulses from 680 nm to 1080 nm with temporal duration of ~150 fs, repetition rate of 80 MHz and average power of 4 W. For the SHG measurement, the pump wavelength was set to 1000 nm and spectrally filtered using two short pass filters at 1100 nm and two long pass filters at 900 nm. The polarization of the pump was controlled by rotating a half waveplate. The pump power was attenuated to 1.2 mW and focused onto the sample using a 50 x objective with a numerical aperture of 0.95. The 500 nm SHG signal emitted from the sample was collected in reflection geometry through the same objective and isolated from the pump using two short pass filters at 550 nm and 600 nm. An analyzer locked to the pump polarization was used to condition the signal before it passed through a grating spectrometer (Princeton Instruments SpectraPro HRS-300) and impinged on an EMCCD (Princeton Instruments ProEM). The polarization-dependent SHG was calibrated using a CVD grown MoS2 monolayer flake with regular triangular shape as reference.
5
Upconversion Luminescence Characterization
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The upconverted luminescence from individual nanoparticles was characterized by a homemade confocal scanning optical microscope (Supplementary Fig. 24 ). A beam of 980 nm laser from a single-mode CW diode laser was tightly focused on the sample through a 100× oil objective (NA 1.35). The upconversion luminescence from the sample was collected through the same objective and the 980 nm excitation was filtered out with a short pass filter (805 nm cutoff). The emission signal was detected either by a Single Photon Counting Module (EXCELITAS, SPCM-AQRH-14-FC34229) or by a spectrometer (Princeton Instruments, ProEM) equipped with a CCD camera (eXcelon3).
6
Cryogenic Photoluminescence Characterization
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All measurements were performed in a home-built micro-PL setup
with the sample mounted inside a liquid helium flow cryostat (Cryovac)
in vacuum. For all photoluminescence measurements, a single-mode fiber-coupled
continuous wave excitation laser at a wavelength of λ = 405
nm (Thorlabs) with linear polarization and short-pass filter (Semrock
FF01-440/SP) was used. Excitation and detection was done through a
long-working distance 100× microscope objective with numerical
aperture of NA = 0.7 (Mitutoyo Plan Apo NIR HR) which was mounted
outside the cryostat. This resulted in a nearly Gaussian excitation
spot with 1/e2-radius of 1.4 μm.
The emission from the sample was long-pass filtered (Semrock BLP01-442R),
dispersed by an 1800 lines/mm grating in a 0.75 m monochromator (Acton
Spectra Pro) and detected by a back-illuminated cooled EMCCD camera
(Princeton Instruments ProEM). For excitation in the photon correlation
and PL lifetime measurements, a frequency-doubled Ti:sapphire laser
at λ = 400 nm with 100 fs pulse duration and 80 MHz repetition
rate (Spectra-Physics Tsunami with Millennia pump laser) was coupled
through a single-mode fiber to the setup. The detection was done after
a tunable 80 meV-wide bandpass filter (Semrock TBP01-501/15) with
a time-correlated single photon counting system (PicoQuant PicoHarp
300 with PDM, MPD avalanche photo diodes with nominal time resolution
of 30 ps).
with the sample mounted inside a liquid helium flow cryostat (Cryovac)
in vacuum. For all photoluminescence measurements, a single-mode fiber-coupled
continuous wave excitation laser at a wavelength of λ = 405
nm (Thorlabs) with linear polarization and short-pass filter (Semrock
FF01-440/SP) was used. Excitation and detection was done through a
long-working distance 100× microscope objective with numerical
aperture of NA = 0.7 (Mitutoyo Plan Apo NIR HR) which was mounted
outside the cryostat. This resulted in a nearly Gaussian excitation
spot with 1/e2-radius of 1.4 μm.
The emission from the sample was long-pass filtered (Semrock BLP01-442R),
dispersed by an 1800 lines/mm grating in a 0.75 m monochromator (Acton
Spectra Pro) and detected by a back-illuminated cooled EMCCD camera
(Princeton Instruments ProEM). For excitation in the photon correlation
and PL lifetime measurements, a frequency-doubled Ti:sapphire laser
at λ = 400 nm with 100 fs pulse duration and 80 MHz repetition
rate (Spectra-Physics Tsunami with Millennia pump laser) was coupled
through a single-mode fiber to the setup. The detection was done after
a tunable 80 meV-wide bandpass filter (Semrock TBP01-501/15) with
a time-correlated single photon counting system (PicoQuant PicoHarp
300 with PDM, MPD avalanche photo diodes with nominal time resolution
of 30 ps).
7
Nonlinear Optical Characterization of Metasurface
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The femtosecond laser (Coherent, Astrella, repetition rate: 1 kHz) pumped OPA (Coherent OPerA Solo) output at a wavelength of 1220 nm was used as the pump laser. The laser was split into two beams with H- and V-polarizations by a polarization beam splitter (PBS). The power of the two beams was equalized by adjusting a half-wave plate (λ/2). A variable time delay was introduced into the H-polarized beam by using a delay line (Newport DLS225). The two beams were collinearly combined with the second PBS and focused onto the metasurface sample with a lens (focal length: 400 mm). The transmitted pump waves and SH wave were collected by a 4× infinity-corrected plan achromatic objective lens (Olympus RMS4X). After that, the pump beams were blocked by the short pass filters. The polarization state of the SH wave is analyzed by using a linear polarizer. The flip mirror was moved out of the optical path for characterizing the spectra of the SH wave and moved in for capturing the SHG image of dual-channel metasurface with a scientific complementary metal-oxide semiconductor camera (Andor Neo 5.5). The spectra and power of the SH waves were measured by using the spectrometer (Princeton Instruments IsoPlane SCT320) equipped with an EMCCD detector (Princeton Instruments ProEM).
8
Nanoscale PL Characterization of InGaN/GaN MQWs
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A home-built tuning fork based NSOM was employed for nanoscopic PL measurements, using an aluminum coated optical fiber tip with ~100 nm aperture (MF001, NT-MDT, Russia). A 405 nm diode laser (L405P150, Thorlab, USA) was used as the excitation source to excite the InGaN/GaN MQWs samples. The excitation source was coupled with optical fiber using an optical fiber coupler (9131-M, Newport, USA) and illuminated the NSOM tip through an optical fiber. The luminescence of the sample was collected by an objective lens. Finally, the luminescence of the sample was filtered by a long-pass filter (LP02–407RU-25, Semrock, USA) and spectrally resolved using a monochromator (SP-2300i, Princeton Instruments, USA), and then measured using an electron multiplying charge coupled detector (ProEM, Princeton Instruments, USA). For the power dependent NSOM PL measurement, each level of laser power was measured in front of the optical fiber coupler. The results of the NSOM PL were analyzed using home-built software.
9
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