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27 protocols using cisplatin

1

Evaluating Cisplatin Efficacy in 3D Lung Cancer Model

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The broad-spectrum antitumor drug cisplatin (Solarbio, China) was used to assess the capability of the MGIS with a 3D lung cancer model for drug efficacy evaluation. When the 2D and 3D cells reached the growth plateau, 10, 100, and 1000 μM cisplatin were added to the medium for the cytotoxicity study. Analysis of drug synergy was performed by the pharmacological intervention of 10 μM cisplatin, 10 μM cisplatin + 10 μM gemcitabine (Solarbio, China), and 10 μM cisplatin + 10 μM pemetrexed (Solarbio, China). All drug testing protocols were based on the NCCN guidelines for lung cancer treatment25 (link).
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2

Cell Proliferation and Drug Sensitivity Assays

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For the cell proliferation assay, five thousand stably transfected cells per well were plated into 96-well plates overnight. 10 μl CCK-8 reagent (Dojindo laboratories, Kumamoto, Japan) was added to each well and they were incubated for 2h at 37 °C. Then, the absorbance of each well was examined at 450 nm by the microplate reader (Bio-rad, Hercules, CA, USA). For the drug sensitivity assay, after treating with gradient dilution of Cisplatin (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 μM) for 48 h, the cell viability was tested as above. Cisplatin was purchased form Solarbio (Beijing, China) and was dissolved in normal saline at 1 mg/ml.
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3

Cecropin XJ Impacts Huh-7 Cell Viability

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To evaluate the effects of cecropinXJ on the proliferation of Huh-7 cells, cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Huh-7 cells in the logarithmic phase of growth were collected, seeded in 96-well plates at a density of 2×103 cells/well and cultured overnight. Following 24 h, Huh-7 cells were treated with or without cecropinXJ at various concentrations (1, 5, 10 and 50 µmol/l) for 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h. Bovine serum albumin (10 µmol/l; Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd.) served as a negative control, while 10 µmol/l cisplatin (Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd.) served as a positive control. Upon incubation, the culture medium was removed, and 100 µl MTT solution (5 mg/ml) was added to each well, followed by incubation at 37°C for 4 h. Then, 150 µl DMSO was added to each well, and the plates were incubated at 37°C for additional 10 min. Absorbance was measured at 540 and 655 nm using a 96-well microplate reader (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., Hercules, CA, USA), and the ratio of optical density (OD)540/655 was determined. Cell viability (%) was calculated as (ODtreatment-ODblank)/(ODcontrol-ODblank) × 100.
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4

Efficient Multidrug Resistance Inhibition

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The σ2 receptor ligand A011 was prepared as previously reported (Feng et al., 2019 (link)). KO143 was purchased from MedChemExpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ, United States). Cisplatin (DDP), adriamycin (ADR), paclitaxel, verapamil, mitoxantrone and rhodamine 123 (Rh123) were acquired from Solarbio (Beijing, China). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was bought from Dojindo Laboratories (Japan). Pgp-Glo™ Assay Systems were purchased from Promega (Madison, USA). Anti-P Glycoprotein antibody, ABCG2, GAPDH, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L Secondary Antibody (Alexa Fluor 488), Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L Secondary Antibody and Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L Secondary Antibody were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, United Kingdom). SlowFadeTM Gold antifade reagent was purchased from Thermo Fisher (MA, United States).
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5

Evaluating Cisplatin Cytotoxicity via CCK-8 Assay

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CCK-8 assays were used to determine cell proliferation ability and half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value for cisplatin. For cell viability assessments, 2 × 103 cells/well cells were seeded in a 96-well plate, with triplicate wells per group. The viability of cells was examined every day for 5 days. For IC50 assessment, 1 × 104 cells/well were seeded in a 96-well plate. After 24 h, the cells were treated with cisplatin (Solarbio, Beijing, China) (final concentrations: 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 μmol/L) for another 24 h. Then, the viability of the cells was examined. Cell viability was measured by a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8; Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan).
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6

SETD8 Inhibitor UNC0379 and Cisplatin Synergy

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SETD8 inhibitor, UNC0379, (Selleck, S7570) was suspended at a 50 mM stock concentration in DMSO. Cisplatin (Solarbio, D8810) was suspended at a 10 mM stock concentration in double distilled water (ddH2O). Cells were cultured as described above, seeded at 4,000 cells per well of a 96-well plate and incubated for 24 h to ensure adherence. UNC0379 was initially diluted to a 1 mM concentration in opti-MEM. Cisplatin was initially diluted to a 100 µM concentration in opti-MEM. The 100 µM solution was used to prepare solutions ranging from 0.01 to 100 µM concentration. For the Cisplatin + UNC0379 experiment, the Cisplatin IC50 concentration in a cell line was calculated and UNC0379 was initially added for 24 h before being re-added in combination with the Cisplatin dilution series prepared as described above for 48 h. Data analysis of the drug inhibitor assays was performed using GraphPad Prism 7 (San Diego, CA). Data were fitted to obtain the concentration-response curves using a four-parameter logistic equation (for IC50 values). Statistical differences were analyzed using Student’s t-test and p < 0.05 was considered significant.
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7

Silencing WDHD1, ARPC1A, and MAPRE2 in A549 and A549/DDP Cells

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A549 and A549/DDP cell lines (Central South University, Changsha, China) were cultured in RPMI-1640 cell culture medium (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin. The culture medium of the A549/DDP cells contained 2 μg/mL cisplatin (Solarbio Company, Beijing, China), in addition to the other components, and was incubated in 5% CO2 at 37°C. The purity of cisplatin was 98.5%. All RNA inhibitors and negative control siRNA were purchased from GenePharma (Shanghai, China). The siRNA targeting WD repeat and HMG-box DNA binding protein 1 (WDHD1) (15 (link)) (5′-GAUCAGACAUGUGCUAUUA-3′), ARPC1A (16 (link)) (5′-GUGGAGCACGACUCAUUUCTT-3′), and microtubule-associated protein RP/EB family member 2 (MAPRE2) (5′-UUGUUC–AGGAGCGGCCUAUTT-3′) were transfected into A549 and A549/DDP cells using Lipofectamine™ 2000 (Invitrogen Life Technologies, Carlsbad, California, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. After 24 h, the supernatant was replaced with culture medium, and the cells were incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2 for another 24 h.
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8

Cisplatin Treatment for Xenograft Tumor Model

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All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Laboratory of Central South University and carried out in accordance with international guidelines and programs. Four- to 6-week-old male BALB/C nude mice (purchased from Hunan SJA Laboratory Animal Co., Ltd, Changsha, China) were subcutaneously injected with 1 × 106 cells near the extremities of four limbs. When the mice developed palpable tumors, the mice were intraperitoneally administered with cisplatin (5 mg/kg; Solarbio Company) every week for 2 weeks. The size of the tumors was measured once every 3 days, six times in a row. All animals were sacrificed 25 days after inoculation, and the tumors were collected. The tumor tissues were photographed, and immunohistochemistry was performed. Tumor volume formula: V = a*b2* 0.52 (mm3), where a is the longest diameter, and b is the shortest diameter of the tumor.
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9

Establishing Cisplatin-Resistant NSCLC Cells

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Normal human lung fibroblasts (IMR90) and NSCLC cells (A549) were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). To establish DDP-resistant NSCLC cells (A549/DDP), A549 cells were exposed to gradually increasing concentrations of cisplatin (Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd.) until the cells were able to proliferate stably. All the cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium (Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd.) in an incubator containing 5% CO2 at 37°C.
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10

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Targets

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Antibodies used included primary antibodies against SND1 (160265-1-Ig, Proteintech, USA), MTDH (13860-1-AP, Proteintech, USA), ADAM9 (ab186833, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), α-tubulin (ab176560, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), histone H3 (ab52866, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), Beta Actin (66009-1-Ig, Proteintech, USA) and GAPDH (60004–1-Ig, Proteintech, USA); HRP-conjugated secondary goat anti-mouse (SA00001–1), goat anti-rabbit (SA00001–2) antibodies (Proteintech, USA). Cycloheximide (66-81-9, MDBio, Inc, Qingdao), cisplatin (15663-27-1, Solarbio, Beijing), pdTp (BLG-T012-05, Axxora, USA).
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