Cilengitide trifluoroacetate

Recombinant irisin (#100-65, Peprotech, USA) was dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Three different doses of irisin were tested (80 μg/kg, 250 μg/kg, and 750 μg/kg) and were administered intranasally at 30 min after ICH induction [35 (link)]. Cilengitide trifluoroacetate (10 mg/kg, Selleck, USA), a selective inhibitor of αVβ3 and αVβ5 integrins, was dissolved in DMSO and administered intraperitoneally at 2 h before ICH induction [36 (link)]. Dorsomorphin (5 μg/mouse, Sigma, MO), a selective AMPK inhibitor, was dissolved in DMSO and administered intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) 30 min before ICH injury [37 (link)].

A mouse model of gut IR was conducted as described previously.20 The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded with an atraumatic clip for 60 minutes, and then, reperfusion was allowed under anaesthesia with isoflurane. Sham group mice were given 0.5 mL saline after sham operation without ischemia treatment; mice were intravenously administered 250 μg/kg irisin (067‐29A; Phoenix Pharmaceuticals, Inc), 20 mg/kg cilengitide trifluoroacetate (S707; Selleck) or 20 mg/kg genipin (S2412; Selleck, China) immediately after reperfusion. Four hours later, the mice were euthanized, and the following experiments were performed. In additional groups of animals, anti‐irisin (4 mg/kg; Phoenix Pharmaceuticals) blocking antibody was administered at 24 hours before gut IR.