Arium 611 uv purification system

All media components for the cultivations with Penicillium ochrochloron were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) with the exception of HEPES (Roth, Darmstadt, Germany). The reference antibiotic tigecycline and the 96-well plates were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, Missouri, USA). Antibacterial susceptibility testing was performed with Mueller Hinton Bouillon (MHB, Becton Dickinson, New Jersey, USA) as a medium. All solvents were obtained from VWR International (Vienna, Austria). Ethyl acetate and acetone were additionally distilled according to the ÖAB (Österreichisches Arzneibuch). Ultra pure water was obtained utilizing the Sartorius arium® 611 UV purification system (Sartorius AG, Göttingen, Germany). Silica gel 40–63 μm and pre‐packed cartridges for flash chromatography were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) and Büchi (BÜCHI Labortechnik AG, Flawil, Switzerland), respectively. Thin-layer chromatographic analysis was performed using silica TLC plates 60 F254 (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany).

All solvents for the extraction procedures and thin-layer-chromatographic analyses were of analytical grade and sourced from VWR International (Vienna, Austria). Acetone was distilled prior to its use. Solvents used for HPLC experiments were purchased from Merck (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). TLC plates (ALUGRAM^® Xtra SIL G/UV ₂₅₄ 20 × 20 cm) were obtained from Macherey–Nagel (Macherey–Nagel GmbH & Co. KG, Düren, Germany). Ultrapure water was produced by a Sartorius arium^® 611 UV purification system (Sartorius AG, Göttingen, Germany). NMR solvents were purchased from Euriso-top SAS (Saint-Aubin Cedex, France). The reagents 9,10-dimethylanthracene (product number: D0252), acid red 52 (sulforhodamine B, product number: A0600), and emodin (product number: E0500) were sourced from TCI Deutschland GmbH (Eschborn, Germany). Acridine orange (product number: 0249.1) and ethidium bromide (product number: 7870.1) were from Carl Roth GmbH & Co. KG (Karlsruhe, Germany). Expendable materials (e.g., flasks, etc.), media, and supplements (i.e. fetal bovine serum, penicillin/streptomycin, trypsin, phosphate-buffered saline) used for cell culture maintenance and the (photo)cytotoxicity experiments were purchased from Thermo Fischer Scientific (Waltham, Massachusetts, USA).

All solvents for the extraction procedures, HPLC analyses, and CPC separations were of analytical grade and sourced from VWR International (Vienna, Austria) and Merck (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Ethyl acetate was distilled prior to use. Ultrapure water was obtained using a Sartorius arium^® 611 UV purification system (Sartorius, Göttingen, Germany). TLC plates (ALUGRAM^® Xtra SIL G/UV ₂₅₄ 20 × 20 cm) were obtained from Macherey‐Nagel (Macherey‐Nagel, Düren, Germany).