Cyanidin 3 o glucoside cy glc

1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH^•), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), FeCl₃, acetonitrile, formic acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany). Acetic acid was obtained from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland). acetonitrile for HPLC was purchased from POCh (Gliwice, Poland). Loganic acid (LA), loganin (Lo), Sweroside (S), gallic acid (GA), ellagic acid (EA), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA, chlorogenic acid), p-coumaric acid (p-CuA), quercetin 3-O-glucoside (Q glc), kaempferol 3-O-glucoside (Kf glc), cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (Cy glc) were purchased from Extrasynthese (Lyon Nord, France). All reagents were of analytical grade.

6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox); 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH^•); dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), acetonitrile, ferric chloride, sulfuric acid, formic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), K₂HPO₃, CaCO₃ and sodium hydroxide were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). acetonitrile for HPLC was purchased from POCh (Gliwice, Poland). Acetic acid was acquired from Chempur (Piekary Sląskie, Poland). Whereas loganin (Lo), loganic acid (LA), gallic acid (GA), sweroside (S), ellagic acid (EA), p-coumaric acid (p-CuA), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA, chlorogenic acid), kaempferol 3-O-glucoside (Kf glc), cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (Cy glc) and quercetin 3-O-glucoside (Q glc) were purchased from Extrasynthese (Lyon Nord, France). All reagents were of analytical grade.

All chemicals used were of analytical and HPLC grades and were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (Cy glc), loganic acid (LA), and loganin (L) were provided by Extrasynthese (Lyon Nord, France). MRS and M-17 agar were obtained from Merck (Kenilworth, NJ, USA).