Cyanidin (C), Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (CG), Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (CGA), Cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside (CA), Cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside (CR) and Cyanidin-3-5-diglucoside were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). The trade names of the compounds, chemical structure and type, place and number of sugar substituents of Cyanidin are given in Table 1 .
Cyanidin 3 5 diglucoside
Manufactured by Extrasynthese
Sourced in France
Cyanidin-3-5-diglucoside is a naturally occurring anthocyanin compound. It serves as a standard reference material for analytical laboratory procedures.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Cyanidin 3 o rutinoside, by Extrasynthese (3 mentions)
Cyanidin 3 glucoside, by Extrasynthese (3 mentions)
Cyanidin 3 o galactoside, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Cyanidin 3 o arabinoside, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Cyanidin 3 o glucoside, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Malvidin 3 glucoside, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Delphinidin 3 glucoside, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Peonidin 3 glucoside, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Pelargonidin 3 glucoside, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Quercetin, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Sodium azide nan3, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hepes, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Trolox, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Narirutin, by Extrasynthese (1 mentions)
Didymin, by Extrasynthese (1 mentions)
Hesperidin, by Extrasynthese (1 mentions)
Delphinidin 3 5 diglucoside, by Extrasynthese (1 mentions)
Cyanidin 3 rutinoside, by Extrasynthese (1 mentions)
Dead cell apoptosis kit with annexin 5 fitc and pi, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Hank s balanced salt solution hbss, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
6 protocols using cyanidin 3 5 diglucoside
1
Cyanidin Glycoside Compounds Characterization
2
Bioactive Compounds from Blood Orange Waste
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The fluid aqueous extract obtained from blood orange processing wastes (ExF) was produced by Ortogel SpA (Caltagirone, Sicily, Italy). Beta-cyclodextrin was supplied by Roquette Frères (Lestrem, France). Sodium alginate (ALG), fluorescein (FL), AAPH (2,2′ azobis(2-methylpropionamide) dihydrochloride) 97%, Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid) and HEPES (4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid), aminoguanidine bicarbonate 97% (AMG), bovine serum albumin (BSA), D-(−)-fructose, and sodium azide (NaN3) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Srl (Milan, Italy). Anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, and cyanidin-3-sophoroside;delphinidin-3-glucoside and delphinidin-3,5-diglucoside; pelargonidin-3-glucoside and pexlargonidin-3,5-diglucoside; peonidin-3-glucoside; and malvidin-3-glucoside) and flavanones (hesperidin, narirutin, and didymin) were purchased from Extrasynthèse (Genay, France). OmniMMP fluorescent substrate Mca-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Dpa-Ala-Arg-NH2, MMP-9 (refolded) (human) (recombinant) (catalytic domain) and MMP-2 (catalytic domain) (human) (recombinant) were purchased from Vinci-Biochem Srl (Firenze, Italy). Solvents for chromatography were HPLC grade (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). All the other chemicals used in the study were of analytical grade and were obtained commercially.
3
Cyanidin Compounds and Cell Assays
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Cyanidin (C), Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (CG), Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (CGA), Cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside (CA), Cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside (CR), and Cyanidin-3-5-diglucoside were purchased in Extrasynthese (Genay Cedax, France). Doxorubicin was obtained from Sequoia Research Products (Pangbourne, United Kingdom). The fluorescent probes, Hoechst 33342 nucleic acid, 3,3′-dipropylthiadicarbocyanine iodide (DiSC3(5)), 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCF-DA), and propidium iodide (PI), were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, USA. Oxidation inducer 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT), Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS), antioxidant standard l (+) ascorbic acid (AA), and ionophore valinomycin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Inc., Steinheim, Germany. FxCycle PI/RNase staining solution and the Dead Cell Apoptosis Kit with Annexin V FITC and PI were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA. All other reagents were analytically pure.
4
Polyphenol Profiling of Fruit Peels and Pulps
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Polyphenolic profiles of both peel and pulp fruits were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) following the methodology described by Genskowsky et al. [50 (link)]. A volume of 20 µL of the samples were injected into a Hewlett-Packard HPLC series 1200 instrument equipped with C18 column (Mediterranean sea 18, 25 × 0.4 cm, 5 cm particle size) from Teknokroma, (Barcelona, Spain). Polyphenolic compounds were analyzed, in standard and sample solutions, using a gradient elution at 1 mL/min. The mobile phases were composed by formic acid in water (1:99, v/v) as solvent A and acetonitrile as solvent B. The chromatograms were recorded at 280, 320, 360 and 520 nm. Quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds was carried out by reference to authentic standards: gallic acid, (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin, chlorogenic acid, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, quercetin, apigenin, cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside (Extrasynthese, Genay, France). Their identification was carried out by comparing UV absorption spectra and retention times of each of them with those of pure standards injected under the same conditions. Each sample was assessed in triplicate, and the results were expressed as µg/g of the dry weight (dw).
5
Analytical Characterization of Bioactive Compounds
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Ethanol, sulfuric acid, potassium persulfate and Folin-Ciocalteu reagent were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), glucose and fructose were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). MEthanol and acetonitrile were obtained from J.T. Backer (Mexico). Purified water was obtained from a Milli-Q® System (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Malvidin 3,5-diglucoside, malvidin 3-glucoside, cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside, cyanidin 3-glucoside, peonidin 3-glucoside, delphinidin 3-glucoside, pelargonidin 3-glucoside, petunidin 3-glucoside, kaempferol 3-glucoside, myricetin, isorhamnetin 3-glucoside, quercetin (dihydrate), rutin, isoquercetin (quercetin-3-Oglucopyranoside), gallic acid, cinnamic acid, ρ-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, trans-resveratrol, (-)-epicatechin gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate were obtained from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). Malic, citric, lactic, acetic and tartaric acids were obtained from Vetec Chemistry Ltda (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).
6
Quantification of Phenolic Compounds
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Pure standard analytes, including gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, epicatechin, ferulic acid, rutin, quercetin, hydrochloric acid (HCl) and formic acid were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Zwijndrecht, The Netherlands). Kaempferol 3-glucoside and delphinidin 3-glucoside were provided by Phytolab (PhytoLab GmbH & Co, Vestenbergsgreuth, Germany). 4-hydroxy-benzoic acid and ethyl acetate were purchased from Merck (Merck GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany). Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside, cyanidin 3-glucoside, pelargonidin 3,5-diglucode and cyanidin chloride were obtained from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). Porcine pepsin (P6887, 3.200-4.500 U/mg protein), pancreatin (P1750, 4X USP) and porcine bile extract (B8631) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Ltd. (St. Louis, MO, USA). HPLC grade methanol, acetonitrile, diethyl ether was acquired from Actu-All chemical (Oss, The Netherlands). Deionised water (< 8 M cm resistivity) was obtained from Milli-Q PureLab Ultra (Veolia Water Technologies, Ede, The Netherlands).
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