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145 protocols using il 15

1

T Cell Transduction with RetroCAR

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Isolated TRBC1+ or TRBC2+ T cells were resuspended at 1 × 106 cells/mL in R10 and stimulated with TransAct (Miltenyi Biotec; 130-111-160), 10 ng/ml IL-7 (Miltenyi Biotec; 130-095-367) and 10 ng/ml IL-15 (Miltenyi Biotec; 130-095-760). 24 h after, cells were collected, plated at a density of 1 × 106 cells per well (1 mL) on retronectin-coated (Takara, T100B) 6-well plates in the presence of retroviral supernatant at an MOI of 1. Total volume was adjusted to 3 mL using R10 supplemented with 10 ng/ml IL-7 (Miltenyi Biotec; 130-095-367) and 10 ng/ml IL-15 (Miltenyi Biotec; 130-095-760). The plate were centrifuged at 1000 g for 40 min. 24 h post spinoculation, the T cells were harvested and re-plated in complete R10 media supplemented with 10 ng/ml IL-7 (Miltenyi Biotec; 130-095-367) and 10 ng/ml IL-15 (Miltenyi Biotec; 130-095-760). Transduction efficiency was determined on day 5 after transduction, and further experiments were commenced on days 5–9 after transduction. CAR expression was assessed by staining with aCD3-PE/Cy7 (317334, Biolegend) and QBend10 APC (FAB7227A, R&D System).
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2

Isolation and Transduction of T Cells

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CD4+, CD8+, or mixed CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were isolated with the RosetteSep CD4+ or CD8+ Human T-cell Enrichment Cocktail (Stemcell Technologies) from healthy donor whole blood obtained from the UCLA Blood and Platelet Center. T-cells stimulated with CD3/CD28 Dynabeads (Thermo Fisher Scientific) at a 1:1 cell:bead ratio for 2 days were transduced with lentivirus at a multiplicity of infection of 1.5–3. T cells were cultured in complete RPMI and fed 50 U/ml IL-2 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and 1 ng/ml IL-15 (Miltenyi Biotec) every 2 to 3 days. Dynabeads were removed after 9 days of culture. Transduced cells were enriched by magnetic bead-based sorting (Miltenyi Biotec) and continued to be cultured with IL-2/IL-15 supplementation every 2 to 3 days.
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3

Isolation and Transduction of T Cells

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CD4+, CD8+, or mixed CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were isolated with the RosetteSep CD4+ or CD8+ Human T-cell Enrichment Cocktail (Stemcell Technologies) from healthy donor whole blood obtained from the UCLA Blood and Platelet Center. T-cells stimulated with CD3/CD28 Dynabeads (Thermo Fisher Scientific) at a 1:1 cell:bead ratio for 2 days were transduced with lentivirus at a multiplicity of infection of 1.5–3. T cells were cultured in complete RPMI and fed 50 U/ml IL-2 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and 1 ng/ml IL-15 (Miltenyi Biotec) every 2 to 3 days. Dynabeads were removed after 9 days of culture. Transduced cells were enriched by magnetic bead-based sorting (Miltenyi Biotec) and continued to be cultured with IL-2/IL-15 supplementation every 2 to 3 days.
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4

Generating CAR-T Cells from PBMCs

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from volunteer healthy donors’ peripheral blood (PB) or buffy coats by density-gradient centrifugation using Lymphoprep (Axis-Shield, Oslo, Norway) or Ficoll Paque Plus (GE Healthcare, Little Chalfont, UK). PBMC were plate-coated activated with 1 µg/mL anti-CD3 (OKT3) and 1 µg/mL anti-CD28 (CD28.2) mAbs (BD Biosciences) for 2 days and transduced (MOI of 10) with CD1a-CAR- or CD1a-STAb-encoding lentiviruses in the presence of 10 ng/mL interleukin (IL)-7 and 10 ng/mL IL-15 (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany). As negative controls, non-transduced or GFP-transduced T cells were used (NT). T cells were expanded in RCM supplemented with IL-7 and IL-15 (10 ng/mL) (Miltenyi Biotec).22 32 (link)
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5

Cell Culture and PBMC Isolation

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HEK-293T and HT1080 cells were cultivated in DMEM (Biowest, Nuaille, France) (10% FCS (Biochrom, Berlin, Germany)). Raji and SupT1 cells were cultured in RPMI (Biowest, Nuaille, France) supplemented with 10% FCS and 2 mM L-glutamine (Biowest, Nuaille, France). PBMCs were isolated from buffy coat derived from healthy donors via density centrifugation using Ficoll (Pan Biotech, Aidenbach, Germany) and cultured in TexMACS™ (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany) supplemented with 12.5 ng/mL IL-7 and 12.5 ng/mL IL-15 (both Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany). For the selectivity assay, PBMCs were cultivated in TexMACS™ supplemented with 50 IU/mL IL-4, 12.5 ng/mL IL-7, and 12.5 ng/mL IL-15 (all Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany) and 1 µg/mL CD40-ligand (RD Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA).
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6

Verification of Peptide-Specific CTL

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Example 5

To confirm induction of PSF1 peptide specific CTL with another method, a Tetramer assay was conducted.

(Method)

Production of CTL Line

Cells that had been determined to be positive in the above-described ELISPOT assay was continued to be incubated with a culture solution in which 100 ng/ml of IL-15 (Miltenyi Biotec K.K., San Diego, Calif.) was added to an AIM-V culture medium including antibiotic and serum.

Tetramer Assay

Tetramer (Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd: MBL) for PSF1 peptides (YLYDRLLR, SEQ ID NO.: 31) was produced. Cells of a CTL line were collected, colored with tetramer and APC H7 marker anti-CD8 antibodies (SK-1) (Becton, Dickinson and Company, La Jolla, Calif.), and measured with a FACS Aria (Becton, Dickinson and CompanyLa Jolla, Calif.). Two types of CTL lines (0209-01 H2 and 0209-02 D2) were used.

(Results)

As shown in FIG. 1, since a cell population that reacts with both anti-CD8 antibodies and tetramer was observed in each CTL line, it was found that CTL lines recognizing PSF1 peptides were produced. Observation of Tetramer-positive cells directly proved the presence of peptide-specific human CTL.

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7

Isolation and Transduction of Primary T Cells

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For in vitro assays, buffy coats from healthy donors were obtained from DRK Dortmund. Density gradient centrifugation with Pancoll human (PAN-Biotech, catalog no.: P04-601000) was used for PBMC isolation. T cells were isolated from PBMCs with the Pan T Cell Isolation Kit, human (Miltenyi Biotec, catalog no.: 130-096-535). Isolated T cells were cultured in TexMACS™ Medium (Miltenyi Biotec, catalog no.: 130-097-196) supplemented with 12.5 ng/mL IL-7 (Miltenyi Biotec, catalog no.: 170-076-111) and 12.5 ng/mL IL-15 (Miltenyi Biotec, catalog no.: 170-076-114). For activation before transduction, T cells were seeded in a 24-well plate at a density of 1 × 106 cells/mL and T Cell TransAct™ (Miltenyi Biotec, catalog no.: 130-111-160) was added. After 24 h, the cells were transduced with an MOI of 10. After 3 d, the culture medium was exchanged completely to remove residual LVV particles. T cells were cultured for 10–14 d with the regular addition of fresh culture medium every 2 d. CAR T cells for in vivo studies were manufactured using the CliniMACS Prodigy™ (Miltenyi Biotec) as described previously by Lock et al.30 (link) As starting material leukapheresis obtained from “Institut für klinische Transfusionsmedizin und Immungenetik Ulm” was used. The enriched T cells were transduced at an MOI of 10 and cultured until day 10 for harvesting.
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8

Isolation and Stimulation of CD4+ T-cells and NK-cells

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CD4+T-cells were isolated from frozen PBMCs. All CD4+T-cells were positively selected with a CD4+T-cell isolation kit (Miltenyi Biotec, Germany), yielding CD4+T-cell populations at a purity of 96–99%. Purified CD4+T-cells were stimulated as described previously (28 (link)) with 4 μg/mL plate-bound anti-human CD3 (OKT3) mAb (eBioscience, San Diego, CA) and 4 μg/mL soluble anti-human CD28 (CD28.2) mAb (Becton Dickinson) in presence of Recombinant human IL-2 (Proleukine, Chiron, Amsterdam, 100 U/mL) and recombinant human interferon alpha-2a (Roferon-A) and IFNλ2 (Biotechne, UK) at the indicated dose. After five days culture, CD38 and CD25 expression as well as the frequency of 7AAD+ cells were measured by flow cytometry on stimulated CD4+T-cells (Table S4). NK-cells were isolated from PBMCs. NK-cells were negatively selected with the NK-cell isolation kit (Miltenyi Biotec, Germany), yielding NK-cell populations at a purity of 96–99%. NK-cells were stimulated with IL-15 (Miltenyi Biotec, 10 ng/mL), IL-2 (Proleukine, Chiron, Amsterdam 100 U/mL) and recombinant human interferon alpha-2a (Roferon-A) at the indicated dose. After 3 days of culture, expression of CD56, CD95 and NKG2D was measured by flow cytometry (extended data Table 3a).
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9

NK Cell Cytotoxicity Assay

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PBMCs, 5 × 10 5 , were incubated overnight in 0•5 ml RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% FBS, 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin with or without 1 ng/ ml IL-15 (Miltenyi Biotec, Auburn, CA, USA) at 37°C, 5% CO 2 . Then, PBMCs were incubated for 1 h at 37°C with mouse anti-human CD107a APC-conjugate antibody (clone H4A3; Miltenyi Biotec) in contact with K562 target cells, a human erythroleukemic cell line which does not express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules (effector to target ratio 5 : 1). Then, 10 μg/ml brefeldin A (Sigma-Aldrich) and 6 μg/ml monensin (Sigma-Aldrich) were added to the cells for an additional 3 h at 37°C, 5% CO 2 . Cells were stained with live/dead fixable dead cell stain near-IR-fluorescent reactive dye (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) for 15 min at room temperature, followed by staining with CD3 and CD56 antibody for 25 min at 4°C. FACS Canto II flow cytometer (BD Biosciences) and FACSDiva version 8.0.1 software were used for the acquisition and data analysis, respectively.
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10

Matrix-Free Patient-Derived Tumoroids

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As described before in our previous studies, for the formation of patient-derived tumoroids (PDTs) and healthy organoids (PDHOs) in a matrix-free condition, supportive cells such as adipose-tissue-derived microvessels (ad-MVs) were added (12 (link)). They were prepared according to the protocol from the supplier Advanced Solutions® and the previous studies.
PDTs and PDHOs were prepared according to a mix of 5000 patients’ cells and 5000 ad-MVs (within 1 PDT or PDHO). Cells’ suspension was then diluted in cell culture media which is composed of a mix of DMEM high glucose (ref. 41966-029, Gibco), RPMI (ref. 10101-145, Sigma) and TexMACS™ media (ref. 130-097-196, Miltenyi Biotech). This cell culture media was supplemented with different growth factors to improve patient ‘s cells in vitro culture, maintenance of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and ad-MVs (details in Table 1).
After that, 200µL of this cell suspension was transferred on a ULA U bottom 96 wells plate (ref. 174929, Thermofisher) to form PDTs and PDHOs. The medium was changed every 3-4 days by replacing IL-2 with two other interleukins: IL-7 at 155UI/mL (ref. 130-095-361, Miltenyi Biotech) and IL-15 at 290UI/mL (ref. 130-095-762, Miltenyi Biotech).
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