Fucose

Pyropia yezoensis was obtained from Seaweed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science (Mokpo, South Korea). The triglycerides (TG) assay kit and total protein (TP) assay kit were provided by Shenzhen Icubio Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shenzhen, China). TRIzol reagent was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). TransScript All-in-One First-Strand cDNA Synthesis Supermix for qPCR, and TransStart Top Green qPCR SuperMix were purchased from TransGen Biotech (Beijing, China). Mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and fucose were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and dimethyl sulfoxide were purchased from BBI Life Sciences (Shanghai, China). Minimum essential medium (MEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NE, USA). Penicillin-streptomycin solution (100×) was obtained from Biosharp Life Sciences (Anhui, China). Dextran standards were purchased from China Pharmaceutical Biological Products Analysis Institute (Beijing, China). Palmitic acid (PA) was provided by Kunchuang Biotechnology (Xi’an, China). All other chemical reagents used were of analytical grade.

Cellobiose, sorbose, xylose, mannose, glucuronic acid, ribose, trehalose, and fucose were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China); arabinose and raffinose were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China); and fructooligosaccharides were purchased from Bao Lingbao Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Dezhou, Shandong Province, China).

PCP was acquired from Gaoqiao natural herbal special market (Changsha, China). The dried PCP sample was pulverized by a disintegrator (HX-200A, China) and passed through an 80-mesh screen (Harbin Ouerfu Filter Material Co., Ltd., China) to obtain the final powder.
3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), Dextrans of different molecular weights, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Total antioxidant capacity assay kit (ABTS, FRAP) was obtained from Beyotime Biotechnology (Jiangsu, China). Dulbecco's Modified Eagle medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were acquired from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). DEAE-52, Sephadex G-150, monosaccharide standards (glucose (Glc), galactose (Gal), ribose (Rib), mannose (Man), glucuronic acid (GlcUA), rhamnose (Rha), xylose (Xyl), galacturonic acid (GalUA), arabinose (Ara), and fucose (Fuc)), and cellulase were acquired from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.