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28 protocols using top chamber

1

Cell Migration and Invasion Assays

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Wound healing assay was performed to detect cell migration ability. In short, transfected cells (PC-1 and IHH-4) were cultured in 12-well plates. At ~80% confluence, cells were gently scratched with a sterile pipette tip (20 μL). Images were captured using a microscope (Leica, ×40) at 0 and 24 h after scratching. The distance of cell migration was measured using ImageJ software.
For transwell assay, transfected cells (PC-1 and IHH-4) in 0.2 mL serum-free medium were added to the top chamber (Costar, Corning, NY, USA) with (invasion) or without (migration) Matrigel (BD Biosciences), and 0.6 mL DMEM medium with 10% FBS was added to the bottom chamber. The non-migrating/invading cells from the top surface of the insert were gently removed after 24 h incubation. And migrating/invading cells from the bottom side of the membrane were fixed by paraformaldehyde (Beyotime) for 0.5 h, and stained by crystal violet (Beyotime) for 2 h. Then, the stained cells were counted and photographed with a microscope (Leica) at magnification of ×100.
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2

Cell Migration and Invasion Assay

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For the migration assay, MNK45 and BGC823 cells were transfected with a recombinant plasmid for 72 h and then added into the top chamber (Corning Costar, Rochester, NY) at a density of 1 × 105 cells in a serum-free medium. For the invasive assay, the chamber was coated with Matrigel (BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA), and the subsequent steps were similar to those of the migration assay. Fresh culture media containing 20% FBS was added to the lower wells and incubated for 24 h at 37 °C with 5% CO2. The cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA), stained with 0.5% crystal violet (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) for 20 min, and imaged using a microscope (Olympus IX71, Japan).
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3

Transwell Assay for Cell Invasion

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Wound healing assays were performed as previously described [31 (link)]. For the transwell assay, transfected HCC cells resuspended in an FBS-free medium were added to the top chamber (Corning-Costar; pore size 8 μm), and the bottom chamber was filled with 30% FBS as an inducer. After 48 h, the cells that failed to invade from the top of the membranes were erased, and then the invaded cells on the bottom of the membrane were fixed and stained. Invaded cells from five random fields were counted and photographed under a light microscope.
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4

Cell Migration and Invasion Assay

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After 48 h transfection, cells were resuspended into serum-free medium. For migration assays, 5.0 × 104 cells were placed in the top chamber of each insert (Corning Costar, USA) with 8.0 μm pores; for invasion assays, 1.0 × 105 cells were seeded in a Matrigel-coated chamber (Corning Costar, USA). In the lower chamber, 600 μl of RPMI 1640 with 10% FBS was added as a chemoattractant. After the cells were incubated for 24 h, the insert was washed with PBS, and cells on the upper surface of the membrane were removed with a cotton swab. Cells adhering to the lower surface were fixed with methanol, stained with Giemsa. The number of cells in the membrane was counted from 5 randomly selected visual fields with a microscope at 100× magnification. All assays were independently repeated at least three times.
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5

Transwell Invasion Assay for Keloid Fibroblasts

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Briefly, 1 × 105 transfected keloid fibroblasts in a serum‐free medium were plated in the top chamber (Corning Costar, Corning, NY, USA) with the matrigel‐coated membrane (BD Biosciences), and the medium supplemented with serum was introduced into the lower counterparts. Whereafter, the cells were incubated for 24 h, and cells on the lower surface of the membrane were stained with 0.1% crystal violet (Sigma‐Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). At length, the cells were figured out using a microscope (Nikon, magnification ×100).
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6

Transwell Assays for Cell Migration and Invasion

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Transwell assays served for the cell migration and invasion accession. Briefly, for the invasion assay, 2×104 transfected cells prepared in serum-free culture medium were reseeded into the top chamber (Corning Inc., Corning, NY, USA) with 300 µg/mL Matrigel (BD Bioscience, USA) while blank medium supplemented with 10% FBS was loaded into the lower well. After 24 h incubation at 37°C, invasive cells that passed through the filter were fixed and stained with 0.1% crystal violet solution (ab246820, Abcam, Cambridge, USA). Cell count assay was completed in five random fields of the microscope vision. Concerning the migration assay, the test process was similar, but without the incubation of Matrigel in the top chamber.
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7

Cell Migration and Invasion Assay

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We detected cell migration and invasion using Transwell assay as described previously (14 (link)). In total, 5×104 cells/well in serum-free medium were seeded into the top chamber (pore size, 8 µm; Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY, USA). For the cell invasion assay, the upper chamber was coated with Matrigel (1:8; 50 µl/well; BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) and the cell number is 8×104 cells/well for 769-P. The bottom chamber was filled with conditioned medium with 10% FBS. After 24 h incubation, the cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained using 0.1% crystal violet for 5 min at room temperature. Images were captured using an inverted microscope.
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8

Cell Migration and Wound Healing Assays

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For migration assay, cells were suspended in RPMI-1640 medium containing 5% BSA and seeded into the top chamber (Corning), and RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS was added into the bottom chambers. After incubation for a certain time, the migrated cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 min, stained with 1% crystal violet (Sigma) for 15 min and counted under an inverted phase-contrast microscope. For wound healing assay, cells were cultured in 6-well plates and scratched directly using a sterilized pipette tip. After washing with physiological saline gently, cells were continued to culture for a certain time in RPMI-1640 or DMEM medium containing 0.1% FBS.
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9

GC Cell Migration Assay

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Thirty-thousand GC cells were plated in the top chamber (Corning, US) in culture medium without serum in 24-well plates. The lower chamber was filled with 10% FBS culture medium. After 24-36 h incubation, cells were fixed and stained in 4% paraformaldehyde and 1% crystal violet for 15 min.
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10

Matrigel-based Cell Invasion Assay

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Cells with a 1:6 dilution of 50 mg/L Matrigel (BD, USA) were inoculated with a final concentration of 1 × 105 cells per well and then cultured in top chamber (Corning, USA) with serum-free medium (Gibco, USA). The complete medium containing 10% FBS was added to bottom and then cultured for 16 h. Then, the cells were removed, and those cells that have not passed were wiped off with a cotton swab. After fixing with formaldehyde for 30 min at room temperature, the cells were stained with 0.1% crystal violet for 20 min. After washing three times with clean water, the cells were observed under a microscope (Nikon, Japan) and then counted.
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