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Anti cd81 sc 166029

Manufactured by Santa Cruz Biotechnology
Sourced in United States

Anti-CD81 (sc-166029) is a primary antibody product from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. It targets the CD81 (Cluster of Differentiation 81) protein.

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7 protocols using anti cd81 sc 166029

1

Protein Isolation and Analysis from EVs, Cells, and Lysates

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Protein was collected from EVs, cells or cell lysates through lysis with radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer supplemented with 1:100 Protease Inhibitor Cocktail Set III and Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail 1 & 2 (Sigma-Aldrich). Protein was quantified using a Pierce BCA Protein Assay Kit (ThermoFisher). Ten μg of protein was separated using NuPAGE 4%–12% Bis-Tris Mini Protein Gels (ThermoFisher) and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes (Millipore). Membranes were blocked in 5% BSA, 1X TBS, and 0.1% Tween-20 at RT for 1 h. Membranes were then incubated overnight at 4°C with the appropriate primary antibody: 1:1000 diluted anti-Alix (sc-53540), anti-Hsp-70 (sc-24), anti-Flotillin-1 (sc-74566), anti-CD81 (sc-166029), anti-CD63 (sc-5275), and anti-GRP 94 (sc-393402) (all from Santa Cruz), and anti-TGFβ (#3711, Cell Signaling). After washing the membranes, they were subsequently incubated with peroxidase-conjugated 1:2000 Anti-Mouse (NXA931, GE Healthcare) or Anti-Rabbit (#7074, Cell Signaling). Detection was performed using Amersham ECL Western Blotting Detection Kit (GE Healthcare) and Chemidoc MP Imaging System (Bio-Rad).
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2

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Expression

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Equal amounts of protein (ranging from 20 to 100 μg) were resolved onto 10% SDS-PAGE gel and electroblotted onto PVDF membrane. Membranes were blocked with 5% BSA in Tris buffer saline supplemented with 0.1% Tween (TBST) for 1 h at RT and probed with different primary antibodies including anti-CD81 (sc-166029) and anti-SOX2 (sc-365823) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Dallas, TX, USA), anti-CD9 (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA, CST#13403) for overnight at 4 °C. N-MYC antibody was kindly provided by Dr. Min Kang, PharmD, TTUHSC. After washing, membranes were probed with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (rabbit/mouse, CST, Danvers, MA, USA) at RT for 1 h, and signals were detected using west pico-chemiluminescent kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific) under ChemiDoc Touch Imaging System (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). β-actin was used as a loading control for the protein.
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3

Exosomal Protein Analysis via Western Blotting

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Western blot analysis was performed as we described previously [16 (link)]. Briefly, ultracentrifuged exosomal pellets were lysed with radioimmunoprecipitation buffer (ATTO, NY, USA) containing a protease inhibitor cocktail (ATTO). The total amount of protein was determined using a 660-nm protein assay (Pierce, MA, USA), and equal amounts (20 μg) of exosomal proteins were resolved using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. The blots were probed overnight at 4°C with anti-Lamp2 (SC-18822; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), anti-CD81 (SC-166029, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), or anti-Alix (SC-99010, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), as indicated. The membranes were then exposed to horseradish peroxidase-conjugated mouse or rabbit anti-mouse secondary antibodies (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), and the results were visualized using chemiluminescence (Advansta, Menlo Park, CA, USA).
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4

Western Blot Antibody Validation

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We used the following commercial antibodies for Western blot analyses: anticalnexin (Sc-6465), anti-CD81 (Sc-166029), and anti-Tsg101 (Sc-7964) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology; anti-CD9 (553758) and anti-Flotillin (610820) from BD Biosciences; anti-FLAG (F3165) from Sigma; anti-Histone H2A.Z (2718) from Cell Signaling; antilactate dehydrogenase (AB1222) from Millipore; and antivimentin (20R-VP004) from Fitzgerald. The antisyntenin antibody used in this study was affinity purified further from antisyntenin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, sc-48742). We used anti-F-actin (abcam, ab205) for coimmunoprecipitation.
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5

Antibodies and Compounds for Cell Signaling Research

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The following primary antibodies were used for Western blot and ICC: anti‐GFP (GTX113617, GeneTex), anti‐Alix/AIP1 (ABC40, Merck), anti‐CD81 (sc‐166029, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), rabbit anti‐rat Rab5 (C8R1, Cell Signaling Technology), rabbit anti‐rat Rab7 (D95F2, Cell Signaling Technology), anti‐Rab11 (D4F5, Cell Signaling Technology), rabbit anti‐rat EEA1 (C45B10, Cell Signaling Technology), anti‐LBPA (Z‐PLBPA, Echelon Biosciences), anti‐CHC (D3C6, Cell Signaling Technology). The following chemical compounds and growth factors were used: BAPTA‐AM (Tocris), Genistein (Tocris), EGTA (Tocris), bFGF (Peprotech), Poly‐l‐Lysine (Sigma), Tetrodotoxin (TTX) (Abcam), Tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) (Abcam).
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6

Extracellular Vesicle Protein Analysis

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The EV samples with the equal protein mass (3 μg) were lysed with loading buffer and boiled for 10 min at 95 °C. All protein bands were transferred to the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) imprinted membrane. We used the 5% skim milk powder to seal PVDF at room temperature for 1 h, then applied the following primary antibodies: anti-CD63 (ab134045, Abcam, USA), anti-CD81 (sc166029, Santa Cruz, USA), anti-Alix (sc53540, Santa Cruz, USA), and anti-TSG 101 (ab125011, Abcam, USA). After washing steps, the blots were incubated with either HRP-conjugated anti-mouse (Cell Signalling Technology, 7076S) or rabbit IgG secondary antibody (Cell Signalling Technology, 7074S) for 1 h at 4 °C. Then, the signal was measured using Feike grade ultra-sensitive ECL luminous liquid (Peiqing Technology, Shanghai, China) equipped with JS-M8 luminescence image analyzer (JS-M8, Pricing Technology, Shanghai, China).
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7

Exosomal Protein Extraction and Analysis

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Cells were lysed in RIPA buffer containing 5
μg.ml−1 leupeptin, 1
μg.ml−1 pepstatin and 1mM phenylmethylsulphonyl
fluoride. Exosomes were lysed in 8M Urea/2.5% SDS containing 5
μg.ml−1 leupeptin, 1
μg.ml−1 pepstatin and 1mM phenylmethylsulphonyl
fluoride. Sample loading was normalized according to Bradford relative protein
quantification and proteins separated following an electrophoretic gradient
across polyacrylamide gels. Wet electrophoretic transfer was used to transfer
the proteins in the gel onto PVDF membranes (ImmobilonP). The protein blot was
blocked for 1hr at room temperature with 5% non-fat dry milk in
PBS/0,05% Tween and incubated overnight at 4°C with the
following primary antibodies: 1:300 anti-GPC1, PIPA528055 (Thermo-Scientific);
1:300 anti-β-Actin A3854 (Sigma-Aldrich); 1:300 anti-CD81 sc-166029
(Santa-Cruz); 1:300 anti-Flottilin1 sc-25506 (Santa-Cruz). Afterwards, HRP
conjugated secondary antibodies were incubated for 1 hr at room temperature.
Washes after antibody incubations were done on an orbital shaker, four times at
10 min intervals, with 1X PBS 0.05% Tween20. Blots were developed with
chemiluminescent reagents from Pierce.
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