Deuterochloroform

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Deuterochloroform is a deuterated organic solvent commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It is a heavy isotope of chloroform, with one hydrogen atom replaced by a deuterium atom. Deuterochloroform is used as a solvent to dissolve and analyze chemical compounds using NMR techniques.

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Lab products found in correlation

12 protocols using deuterochloroform

Synthetic Polymeric Biomaterials Fabrication

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Sebacic acid (99.0%), malonic acid (99.0%), glutaric acid (99.0%), polycaprolactone triol (PCL triol, 300 Da), glycerol (99.0%), PEG (200, 1000, 2000 Da), N,N′-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC, 99.0%), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP, 99.0%), anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 99.8%), anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 99.9%), anhydrous dichloromethane (DCM, 99.8%), deuterochloroform (99.96 atom% D), sodium octyl sulfate (SOS, 95.0%), dexamethasone (98.0%), fluorescein isothiocyanate isomer I (FITC, 90.0%), fluorescein sodium salt, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI, 99.0%), dibutyltin dilaurate (Sn(II), 95.0%), and PBS (pH 7.4) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Cyanine5.5 carboxylic acid (Cy5.5, 95.0%) was purchased from Lumiprobe Corporation (Hallandale Beach, FL, USA). Tetrodotoxin (TTX) was obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). TTX ELISA kits were purchased from Reagen LLC (Moorestown, NJ, USA). Dulbecco’s minimum essential medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), and Penicillin Streptomycin was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA).

Zhao C., Liu A., Santamaria C.M., Shomorony A., Ji T., Wei T., Gordon A., Elofsson H., Mehta M., Yang R, & Kohane D.S. (2019). Polymer-tetrodotoxin conjugates to induce prolonged duration local anesthesia with minimal toxicity. Nature Communications, 10, 2566.

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NMR Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds

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One dimensional (1D) ¹H (300 MHz) and ¹³C (75 MHz), 1D GOESY, and gradient-enhanced 2D (¹H - ¹H COSY, and ¹³C - ¹H HSQC and HMBC) NMR data were acquired using a JEOL Eclipse NMR spectrometer using solutions in deuterochloroform (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA) and the residual proton in the CHCl₃ (δ = 7.2) as the chemical shift reference.

Colegate S.M., Boppré M., Monzón J, & Betz J.M. (2015). Pro-toxic dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids in the traditional Andean herbal medicine “asmachilca”. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 172, 179-194.

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Characterization of Culinary Oils by NMR

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Deuterochloroform (C²HCl₃) containing 3% (w/w) tetramethylsilane (TMS), 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene (TCB), authentic reference aldehydes and 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone (2,5-DTBHQ) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. Ltd. (Gillingham, UK). Culinary oils were purchased from commercial retail outlets in the USA. Samples were retained cold and unexposed to light during transport to our laboratory for ¹H NMR analysis. Samples were stored under dark conditions in the laboratory at ambient temperature to reduce photodegradation and oxidation prior to ¹H NMR and further analyses conducted in our laboratory. Label-specified % (w/w) SFA, MUFA and PUFA contents of these oils were: Spanish extra-virgin olive oil (SEVOO1), 16.3, 75.7 and 8.0%; Italian extra-virgin olive oil (IEVOO1), 17.0, 76.0 and 7.0%; Avocado oil (AVO1), 16.0, 70.5 and 13.5%; Corn oil (CO1), 12.9, 27.6 and 59.5%; Soybean oil 1 (SBO1) 16.8, 26.9 and 56.3%; Soybean oil 2 (SBO2) 17.7, 24.1 and 58.2%, respectively. Of the 2 soybean oil products, the first (SBO1) was described as an organic expeller-pressed vegetable oil, the second (SBO2) as a refined soybean vegetable oil (Supplementary Materials Section Table S1). Expeller pressing represents a mechanical process for the extraction of culinary oils from raw materials; friction generated during the pressing of the raw soybean material yields heat.

Wann A.I., Percival B.C., Woodason K., Gibson M., Vincent S, & Grootveld M. (2021). Comparative 1H NMR-Based Chemometric Evaluations of the Time-Dependent Generation of Aldehydic Lipid Oxidation Products in Culinary Oils Exposed to Laboratory-Simulated Shallow Frying Episodes: Differential Patterns Observed for Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Containing Soybean Oils. Foods, 10(10), 2481.

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Methyl Linolenate and CDCl3 Assay

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Methyl linolenate (methyl (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoate) and deuterochloroform (CDCl₃, 99.8 d-%,) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Ahmed R., Varras P.C., Siskos M.G., Siddiqui H., Choudhary M.I, & Gerothanassis I.P. (2020). NMR and Computational Studies as Analytical and High-Resolution Structural Tool for Complex Hydroperoxides and Diastereomeric Endo-Hydroperoxides of Fatty Acids in Solution-Exemplified by Methyl Linolenate. Molecules, 25(21), 4902.

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Lipid Standards and Antibodies for ELOVL Assays

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Lipid standards used in this study were purchased from either Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO) or Nu-Chek Prep. (Elysian, MN). Deuterochloroform (CDCl₃) used for NMR studies was >99.96% (D) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). Organic solvents were of chromatographic or spectroscopy grade. Anti-human ELOVL4 antibodies for immunohistochemical staining (IHC) were a gift from Dr. Robert Molday (University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada). Anti-mouse ELOVL4 antibodies were from Dr. Robert “Gene” Anderson (University of Oklahoma, OK). Anti-ELOVL3 antibodies (Cat#TA315865) were from OriGene (Rockville, MD). Antibodies against branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (BCKDHA) and dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2 (DBT) were a gift from Dr. David Chuang (UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX).

Butovich I.A., McMahon A., Wojtowicz J.C., Lin F., Mancini R, & Itani K. (2016). DISSECTING LIPID METABOLISM IN MEIBOMIAN GLANDS OF HUMANS AND MICE: AN INTEGRATIVE STUDY REVEALS A NETWORK OF METABOLIC REACTIONS NOT DUPLICATED IN OTHER TISSUES. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1861(6), 538-553.

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Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Assays

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Petroleum ether (boiling point ranges: 40 °C-60 °C), methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, deuterochloroform (CDCl₃), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and HPLC grade methanol were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Water was treated in a Milli-Q water purification system (TGI Pure Water Systems, Brea, CA, USA). Mueller Hinton agar was obtained from Merck (Germany). Nutrient liquid medium, Mueller Hinton broth was purchased from Biolife (Italy). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was obtained from SERVA (Heidelberg, Germany). Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD Kit was purchased from Beckman Coulter (USA). Standard antibiotics, Cisplatin, Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), Ribonuclease A (RNAse A), fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 7-Aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany).

Vukic M.D., Vukovic N.L., Djelic G.T., Popovic S.L., Zaric M.M., Baskic D.D., Krstic G.B., Tesevic V.V, & Kacaniova M.M. (2017). Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of naphthoquinone pigments from Onosma visianii Clem. EXCLI Journal, 16, 73-88.

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Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles

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All chemicals were used as supplied unless otherwise stated. Methanol, hexane, hydrochloric acid, dichloromethane, toluene, acetone, tetrahydrofuran and diethyl ether were purchased from Fisher Scientific at laboratory reagent grade unless otherwise stated. Deuterochloroform (99.9 atom% D), 4,4′-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) (>97.0%), dodecane thiol (≥98.0%), potassium phosphate tribasic (reagent grade, ≥98.0%), carbon disulfide (≥99.9%), 2-bromo-2-methylpropionic acid (98.0%), N-isopropylacrylamide (97.0%), mesitylene (analytical standard) and magnesium sulfate (≥99.5%) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Ultrahigh quality water with a resistance of 18.2 MΩ cm (at 25 °C) was obtained from a Millipore Milli-Q gradient machine fitted with a 0.22 μm filter. Gold nanoparticle solutions for 15 nm (0.242 mmol L^–1) and 40 nm (0.296 mmol L^–1) were purchased from BBI Solutions. Pre-formulated, powdered, phosphate buffered saline was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, and the desired solution made by addition of ultrahigh quality water to give [NaCl] = 0.137 M, [KCl] = 0.0027 M, [Na₂HPO₄] = 0.01 M, [KH₂PO₄] = 0.0018 M and pH = 7.4.

Won S., Phillips D.J., Walker M, & Gibson M.I. (2016). Co-operative transitions of responsive-polymer coated gold nanoparticles; precision tuning and direct evidence for co-operative aggregation †Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01336h Click here for additional data file.. Journal of Materials Chemistry. B, 4(34), 5673-5682.

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Functionalization of Virgin Hair with Deanol

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2-Dimethylaminoethanol (deanol, MW=89.14, Sigma Aldrich), δ-decalactone (DL, ≥ 98%, MW=170.25, Sigma Aldrich), 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD, 98%, MW=139.2, Sigma Aldrich), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4, ≥ 99%, MW=142.04, Sigma Aldrich), benzoic acid (BAc, ≥ 99.5% MW = 122.12, Sigma Aldrich), succinic anhydride (99%, MW=100.07 g/mol, Sigma Aldrich), 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP, ≥ 99%, MW=122.17 g/mol, Sigma Aldrich), deuterochloroform (CDCl3, 99.98%, MW=120.38, Sigma Aldrich), sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 0.1 M, MW=40.00, Fisher Chemical), hydrochloric acid (HCl, 1M, MW=36.46, Fisher Chemical) were used without further processing except when specifically noted. All the solvents were of analytical grade purity and used as received. Virgin Caucasian Hair were purchased from Kerling GmbH.
J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f

Capasso Palmiero U., Ilare J., Romani C., Moscatelli D, & Sponchioni M. (2020). Surfactant-free and rinsing-resistant biodegradable nanoparticles with high adsorption on natural fibers for the long-lasting release of fragrances. Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces, 190.

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Synthesis and Characterization of PEDOT-PSS

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DSA, phloroglucinol, magnesium sulfate (anhydrous, 99.5%), trifluoracetic acid (99%), hydrochloric acid (37%), N,N′-dimethylformamide (DMF; anhydrous, 99.8%), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DAMc), methyl alcohol (MeOH, 99.9%), dimethyl sulfoxide (99.7%), deuterochloroform (99.8 atom% D), acetone (99.5%), and Nafion were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. The ionic liquid consisting of EMIM tetrafluoroborate (EMIM-BF₄, 98%) was obtained from IOLITEC GmbH. PEDOT-PSS was purchased from Heraeus in the form of the CLEVIOS PH 1000 dispersion.

Mahato M., Garai M., Nguyen V.H., Oh S., Nam S., Zeng X., Yoo H., Tabassian R, & Oh I.K. (2023). Polysulfonated covalent organic framework as active electrode host for mobile cation guests in electrochemical soft actuator. Science Advances, 9(50), eadk9752.

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Synthesis of Ethyl 2-Azidopropionate

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Ethyl 2-bromopropionate (99%, Sigma Aldrich) and NaN₃ (≥99.5%, Sigma Aldrich) were used to synthesise ethyl 2-azidopropionate according to a procedure in the literature.^{44 (link)} Propargyl alcohol (99%, Alfa Aesar), copper(ii) chloride, copper(ii) sulfate anhydrous, N,N,N′,N′′,N′′-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (99%, PMDETA), tris[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine (97%, Me₆TREN), 1,5-pentanediamine (≥97%, PDA), diethylamine (≥99.5%, DEA), methyl acrylate (99%) and deuterochloroform (≥99%, CDCl₃) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, and were used without further purification. Isopropylthioxanthone (ITX, Fluka, a mixture of 2- and 4-isomers) was used as a photoinitiator.

Yin B., Croutxé-Barghorn C., Delaite C, & Allonas X. (2019). A new synthetic pathway based on one-pot sequential aza-Michael addition and photoCuAAC click reactions. RSC Advances, 9(9), 4824-4831.

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