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16 protocols using easysep human cd8 positive selection kit

1

CD8+ T Cell Depletion and Antigen Stimulation

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from up to 300 ml whole blood donations using Lymphoprep (Stemcell Technologies) and density gradient centrifugation. CD8 T cells were depleted by positive selection using the EasySep™ Human CD8 Positive Selection Kit (Stemcell Technologies) and EasySep™ magnet (Stemcell Technologies). Depletion of CD8 T cells was confirmed by staining an aliquot of 50,000 CD8 depleted PBMC with anti-CD3-FITC (clone: OKT3), anti-CD4-PE (clone: OKT4) and anti-CD8-APC (clone: HIT8a) fluorescent antibodies and analysis with an Accuri C6 flow cytometer and software (BD Biosciences).
Antigen reactivity of CD8 T cell depleted PBMC to the peptide pools was determined where indicated by IFN-γ ELISpot assay (see below), and cells were subsequently stimulated with the various antigen peptide pools (see below) at 1 µg/ml each peptide. After 48 hours of antigen stimulation, an aliquot of ~ 50,000 CD8 depleted PBMC of each condition was stained for anti-CD4-APC (clone: OKT4) and anti-CD69-PE (clone: FN50) and analyzed using the Accuri C6 flow cytometer and software (BD Biosciences). All antibodies for flow cytometry were obtained from BioLegend.
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2

Stimulation of CD8+ T Cells

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CD8+ T cells were first isolated from peripheral blood of healthy controls or Sarcoidosis patients using EasySep Human CD8 Positive Selection Kit (StemCell Technologies, Canada). The cells were then cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 2 mM L-glutamine, 1X penicillin-streptomycin antibiotics (Invitrogen, CA), and stimulated by plate-bound anti-CD3 (5 ng/ml) and anti-CD28 (2 ng/ml) antibodies (both from eBioscience, CA), with or without IL-17A (100 ng/ml) for 3 days.
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3

CD8+ T Cell Cytotoxicity Assay

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CD8+ T cells were isolated with EasySep Human CD8 Positive Selection Kit (Stem Cell Technologies) from bcTumor or EasySep Human Memory CD8+ Enrichment Kit from bcPBMCs. T cells were pre-stained with fluorescent anti-PD-1 antibody immediately before culture setup. The CD19+ B cell line C1R:A2 (kindly donated by the laboratory of Jill Slansky) was used at a 1:1 effector/target ratio. In order to target CD8+ T cells to this cell line, we added bi-specific CD19-directed CD3 T-cell engager Blincyto (Blinatumomab, Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA) to cultures at a final concentration of 125 ng/ml. Targets and effectors were cultured at 37 °C for 4 h to allow for cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) effector function. Detection of CD107 mobilization was done as previously described61 (link). Anti-CD107 antibodies were included at the start of the CTL assay with 7.2 µM of monensin. Change (Δ) in frequency of CD107 mobilizing T cells from co-cultures with and without bi-specific antibodies are reported. For cytotoxicity assays, similar co-culture conditions were utilized but carried out overnight instead. The following day, CD19+ target cells were quantified by flow cytometry using Precision Count Beads (Biolegend). Percent cytotoxicity was calculated as (no. of control well target cells − no. of target cells in co-culture)/(no. of control well target cells).
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4

Isolation and Activation of Human T Cells

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T cells were procured from a de-identified healthy donor LeukoPak (New York Blood Center). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated using Lymphoprep density gradient centrifugation (StemCell Technologies). CD8+ T cells were isolated from PBMCs by positive magnetic selection using EasySep Human CD8 Positive Selection Kit (StemCell Technologies). CD4+ T cells were isolated from PBMCs by negative magnetic selection using EasySep Human CD4 T cell Isolation Kit (StemCell Technologies). Isolated T cells were then plated in ImmunoCult-XF T Cell Expansion Medium (StemCell Technologies) supplemented with 10 ng μL-1 recombinant human IL-2 (StemCell Technologies) and activated with the ImmunoCult Human CD3/CD28 T Cell Activator (StemCell Technologies). T cells were cultured at 37°C, 5% CO2, and ambient oxygen levels.
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5

CD8+ T Cell Depletion and Restoration

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In some experiments, CD8+ cells were depleted from PBMC using the EasySep Human CD8 Positive Selection Kit (Stem Cell Technologies, cat #17833) for comparison with whole PBMC. In the trans-well co-culture experiment, CD8 T cells were isolated from PBMC of RV144 vaccine recipients using the EasySep™ Human CD8+ T Cell Isolation Kit (StemCell Technologies) according to the manufacturer’s protocol after CFSE labeling. After CD8 T cell isolation, CD8 depleted PBMC and the corresponding whole PBMC were infected with ALVAC (MOI = 1), followed by HIV infection as describe above. In addition, isolated CD8 T cells were added back to the trans-well culture to explore mechanisms underlying CD8 T cell-mediated inhibition. Briefly, CD8-depleted PBMC were placed in the bottom chamber of the trans-well co-culture system, and the isolated autologous CD8 T cells were added back to the top chamber. The trans-well culture was also stimulated by ALVAC and infected with HIV as described above. HIV susceptibility and cellular phenotypes for different conditions (whole PBMC, CD8-depleted PBMC, CD8-depleted PBMC with added CD8 T cells in trans-well) were similarly measured by multi-color flow cytometry as described.
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6

Isolation and Culture of T Cell Subpopulations

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from human leukopacks (New York Blood Center) by gradient centrifugation using FicollPaque Plus (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). For isolation of T cell subpopulations, EasySep Human CD8 Positive Selection Kit (STEMCELL Technologies, Vancouver, BC) was used as recommended. Total PBMC or CD8-negaitve and CD8-positive populations were cultured for 3 days (1 × 106 cells/mL) in phenol red free RPMI 1640 (Gibco, Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY) containing 2 mM glutamine, 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (HyClone, Life Technologies), 100 U of penicillin/mL, 100 U of streptomycin/mL (Life Technologies), and 5 μg/mL phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) (Sigma-Aldrich) prior to use. TZM-bl (HeLa cells stably expressing CD4 and CCR5 as well as luciferase and β-galactosidase under the HIV-1 promoter) cells were obtained from the NIH AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program and cultured as recommended with the exception of using phenol red free DMEM (Kappes and Wu, 2005 ). Human bone epithelial cells (U-2 OS; ATCC) and HeLa cells (ATCC) were cultured in RPMI medium supplemented with 5 mM glutamine, penicillin/streptomycin, and 10% heat inactivated FBS.
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7

Measuring HIV-1 Viral Load in Treated Patients

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CD8+ T-cell depleted PBMCs (EasySep Human CD8 Positive Selection kit, STEMCELL TECHNOLOGIES) isolated from 7 HIV-infected ART-treated patients with undetectable viral loads over a period of two years were used. We measured HIV-1 recovery in ex vivo cell cultures first activated by phytohemagglutinin and treated with thalidomide (Sigma Aldrich) for 48 h and then cultured in RPMI medium (Gibco, CA, USA) supplemented with IL-2 20 IU/mL (Roche) and fetal bovine serum (Gibco). fetal bovine serum was used as the control sample. Supernatant samples were taken at days 3, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24, 28 and 31 and monitored by commercial HIV viral load assay (Abbott RealTime HIV-1 assay, Abbott, Chicago IL).
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8

Generating High-Titer HIV-1 Stocks

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HIV-1 stocks were produced by calcium-phosphate transfection (Promega, Madison, WI) of 293T cells, using 20 μg of pNL4-3 [21 (link)]. Virus preparations were filtered through a 0.2-μm polyvinylidene fluoride filter and quantified by p24 ELISA. Virus was then amplified on CD8-depleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Briefly, CD8-depleted PBMCs were isolated from healthy donors, using the EasySep Human CD8 Positive Selection Kit (Stemcell), and were activated in RP10 medium with PHA (5 μg/mL) and IL-2 (30 U/mL) for 3 days. Activated CD8-depleted PBMCs were then infected with HIVNL4.3 stocks, and 2 feeder cycles of activated, CD8-depleted PBMCs were added 7 and 10 days after infection. Culture supernatant was harvested 14 days after infection, and HIVNL4.3 virus preparations were filtered and quantified by p24 ELISA.
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9

CD8+ T Cell Activation Assay

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CD8+ T cells were isolated from PBMCs by positive selection using EasySep™ human CD8 positive selection kit (StemCell Technologies, Vancouver, Canada). Purified cells were cultured at a concentration of 2 × 106 cells/mL in a 96 well tissue culture plate and 10 µg/ml anti-human CD244 antibody (clone 999602; R&D systems), anti-human CD160 antibody (clone 688327; R&D systems) or isotype control was added to the culture medium. After 24 h of culture, CD8+ T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3/CD28 for 5 h in the presence of Golgiplug. Phenotypic staining and cytokine production were measured by flow cytometry.
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10

Isolation of Viral Suppressed HIV-Specific CD4 T Cells

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HIV-infected participants were selected based on sustained plasma viral load suppression (<50 copies/ml for at least 12 months), CD4 cell counts (>350 cells/μl), and absence of coinfection with hepatitis B or C virus. Clinical laboratory results were confirmed 2 weeks prior to leukapheresis or blood draw. Leukopaks were delivered and processed within 2 h postdraw. PBMCs were isolated by diluting the leukapheresis product 1:1 with PBS and layered over Ficoll. The cells were treated with red blood cell lysis buffer (eBioscience) and resuspended in complete RPMI medium (containing 10% fetal bovine serum [FBS] and penicillin-streptomycin), 100 nM elvitegravir, and 100 nM efavirenz to prevent new rounds of infection. For the experiments where CD8 T cells were depleted, the EasySep Human CD8 Positive Selection kit (Stem Cell) was used according to the manufacturer's instructions with the modification that beads bound to CD8 T cells were discarded and the remaining PBMCs were used as described below. For experiments where isolated CD4 T cells were used, the EasySep Human CD4+ T Cell Enrichment kit (Stem Cell) was used according to the manufacturer's instructions.
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