The zirconia crowns were fabricated using a milling machine (CEREC MC XL, Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC, USA) using a monolithic zirconia block (RAZOR 1100 A3, UNC Int., Seoul, Korea) with parameters as follows: die spacer = 50 μm; proximal contact strength = 25 μm; occlusal contact strength = 25 μm; radial minimum thickness = 50 μm; occlusal minimum thickness adjusted to 1000 μm. The crowns were finished and glazed using a sintering furnace (S-600, Add-in, Gyeonggi-do, Korea) and firing at 1530 °C to room temperature for at least 8 h, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. The sprues were located at least 2 mm apart from the crown margin for marginal accuracy. The marginal thickness of the crown was measured with a metal gauge (4981 M, MEDESY, Maniago, Italy). The chemical composition and mechanical properties of the CAD/CAM zirconia block used in this study are presented in Table 2 and Table 3 .
Cerec mc xl
Manufactured by Dentsply
Sourced in United States, Germany
The CEREC MC XL is a chairside CAD/CAM system designed for the production of dental restorations. It enables the digital acquisition of tooth impressions, the design of dental prosthetics, and the milling of those restorations chairside.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Celtra duo, by Dentsply (2 mentions)
Vitablocs mark 2, by Vita Zahnfabrik (1 mentions)
Clearfil majesty es flow, by Kuraray (1 mentions)
Clearfil universal bond quick, by Kuraray (1 mentions)
Panavia sa cement universal, by Kuraray (1 mentions)
Speedfire, by Dentsply (1 mentions)
Cerec omnicam, by Dentsply (1 mentions)
6 protocols using cerec mc xl
1
Fabrication and Characterization of Zirconia Crowns
2
Fabrication of Ceramic Dental Discs
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The samples in this study were prepared by using two different materials: zirconia-reinforced lithium-silicate glass (LS-10) ceramics (Celtra Duo, DentsplySirona, Bensheim, Germany) and lithium disilicate (LS-20) ceramics (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar, Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein). These materials are different in their composition; however, their exact composition is not provided by the manufacturer(s). The samples were prepared as discs (10 mm in diameter and 1 mm in thickness). The shaping process was conducted by using a dental milling unit (Cerec, MCXL, DentsplySirona, Bensheim, Germany). The utilization discs dimension enabled us to conduct all analyses in this study without the modification of the as-prepared discs.
3
Adhesive Techniques for CAD/CAM Ceramic Restorations
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Table 1 lists the product name, composition, lot number, and manufacturer for each material used in this study. An all-in-one adhesive system (Clearfil Universal Bond Quick; Kuraray Noritake Dental, Tokyo, Japan) was used alone or in combination with a flowable resin composite (Clearfil Majesty ES Flow; Kuraray Noritake Dental) for IDS treatment. An adhesive resin cement (PANAVIA SA Cement Universal; Kuraray Noritake Dental) that demonstrated self-adhesive ability not only to dentin but also to various restorative materials (e.g., ceramics, resin composite, metal alloy) was used for the luting of CAD/CAM ceramic restorations. The pretreatment of the inner surface of the restorative prior to luting was performed using 9.5% hydrofluoric acid (Porcelain Etchant; BISCO, Schaumburg, IL, USA). A typical chair-side CAD/CAM system (CEREC AC Omnicam SW v4.5 and CEREC MC XL; Dentsply Sirona, York, PA, USA) was used for the scanning, designing, and fabrication of the ceramic crown. A feldspathic ceramic block (VITABLOCS Mark II; VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany) was selected as the material for the CAD/CAM crown. All light irradiation procedures were performed with a light-emitting diode (LED) curing source (G-Light Prima II, GC, Tokyo, Japan) in the normal mode (870 mW/cm2) after the confirmation of the light intensity prior to each irradiation.
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4
Monolithic Zirconia Crowns for Implants
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After attaching the implant scan body to the inserted fixture, all models were scanned with a CEREC chair-side Omnicom scanner. The CAD/CAM software (Cerec System Ans Cerec SW 5, 4, and 2) was used to design monolithic zirconia crowns with cemented space of 60 μm × 1.5 occlusal, and radial thickness was applied for all crown designs. The designed crowns were sent to the dental milling machine (Sirona Cerec MC XL), and 30 monolithic crowns were manufactured using the CAD/CAM CEREC zirconia block. All milled crowns (Cerec MC XL Dentsply Sirona) were sent to the Speed Fire furnace (CEREC Speed Fire-Dentsply Sirona) for crystallization. The scanned files were sent as an STL file to the laboratory to design another 30 CFM crowns (Fig. 3 ).
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Construction of crowns. (
5
Digitizing Fiberglass Crown Replicas
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The prepared #51, #53, and #75 master dies were placed on the typodont model one by one and digitized with an intraoral scanner (CEREC Omnicam; Dentsply Sirona, York, US). To replicate the external form of fiberglass crowns, the “biocopy” tool of the CEREC software (SW 4.6, Dentsply Sirona) was used. For this purpose, prefabricated fiberglass crowns were placed on the corresponding master dies and scanned with the CEREC Omnicam. The scanning process took approximately 5 min for each tooth. Preparation margins were drawn by the “automatic margin finder” tool, and deviations from the marked margin line were corrected manually. The die spacer parameter was set as 120 μm for all teeth, and the software automatically designed virtual crowns based on the scans of the fiberglass crowns. Ten CAD/CAM crowns for each master die (#51, #53, and #75) were milled from resin-ceramic blocks (CERASMART 270; GC Dental Products, Tokyo, Japan) by using a clinical type milling unit (CEREC MC XL; Dentsply Sirona) (N = 30). The milling time of each crown was about 10 min.
The sample size and test groups of the study are presented inTable 1 .
The sample size and test groups of the study are presented in
6
Fabrication and Cementation of Zirconia-Reinforced Restorations
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After virtual designing the restorations in the CAD software (CEREC, Software version 5.1.3, DentsplySirona, Bensheim, Germany) the digital file was sent to an in-house milling machine (CEREC MCXL, Den-tsplySirona, Bensheim, Germany). The restorations were milled out of a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic block (Celtra Duo, DentsplySirona, Bensheim, Germany). After machining, the fixation of the sprue from all the restorations was removed. Subsequently, the restorations were tried in and selective chairside adjustments were performed. When a correct fit was achieved, the restorations were cemented by using a 3-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system and dualcuring resin cement. After removal of excess cement and polishing the restorations were delivered in the same appointment.
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