Rpmi 1640

Acetonitrile, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), ethanol, and methanol were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). HPLC-grade Acetonitrile and DMSO were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). RPMI 1640, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium/Nutrient Mixture F-12 (DMEM/F-12), Trypsin-EDTA, streptomycin, and penicillin were purchased from Caisson Lab (Utah, USA). Fetal bovine serum was supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). Additionally, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), human insulin, epidermal growth factor, and hydrocortisone were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, USA). Annexin-V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit and dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) were also purchased from Sigma. JC-1 Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit was procured from Calbiochem (California, USA). Additionally, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) was obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (MA, USA). All standard compounds including gallic acid (GA), ethyl gallate (EG), and penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose hydrate (PGG) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA).

Parental and resistant cells from OVSAHO cell were cultured in RPMI 1640 (Caisson Labs, Smithfield, UT, USA, RPL03) with 10% fetal bovine serum (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA, F0926) with 1% penicillin–streptomycin solution (Caisson Labs, PSL01) using standard sterile cell culture protocol. Cells were incubated in a humidified incubator with 5% CO₂ at 37 °C. All cell lines were periodically checked for mycoplasma contamination. The identity of the cell lines was verified by STR genotyping (Supplementary Document).

THP-1 cells, obtained from ATCC (TIB-202TM), were cultured at 37°C with 5% CO₂ in RPMI-1640 media (Gibco) containing 10% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum (Gibco), 10 mM HEPES (MilliporeSigma), 100 units/mL penicillin-streptomycin (MilliporeSigma), and 2 mM L-glutamine (Gibco). For SILAC, THP-1 cells were grown in L-glutamine, L-arginine, and L-lysine deficient RPMI-1640 (Caisson Labs), supplemented with 100 units/mL penicillin-streptomycin (MilliporeSigma), 2 mM L-glutamine (MilliporeSigma), 7% dialyzed fetal bovine serum (Gibco) and labeled with either L-lysine and L-arginine (Lys0, Arg0), L-lysine-²H₄ and L-arginine-¹³C₆ (Lys4, Arg6), or L-lysine ¹³C₆-¹⁵N₂ and L-arginine ¹³C₆-¹⁵N₄ (Lys8, Arg10). Stable isotope-labeled amino acids were purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Andover, MA, USA). For experiments, THP-1 cells were differentiated with 10 ng/mL of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (MilliporeSigma) for 16–18 h. The differentiated THP-1 cells (dTHP-1) were rested in fresh media for 6 h prior to treatments.

The following fungi were used: Coccidioides immitis (RS) and Coccidioides posadasii (Silveira) from Dr. John Galgiani at the University of Arizona; Aspergillus fumigatus Fresenius (CBS 101355 [AF 293]) from ATCC (Gaithersburg, MD, USA) #MYA-4609; Candida albicans (Robin) Berkhout (SC5314) from ATCC #MYA-2876; Fusarium solani (95-2478) and Rhizopus oryzae (99-892), both from Dr. Ashraf Ibrahim of the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center; Rhizopus oryzae Went et Prinsen Geerligs (G) from ATCC #46599; Mucor circinelloides f. circinelloides Schipper (C81) from ATCC #8542; and Mucor circinelloides f. circinelloides Schipper (704) from ATCC #8097. All fungi except C. immitis and C. posadasii were cultured in RPMI-1640 (Caisson Labs, Smithfield, UT, USA), supplemented with 2% (w/v) glucose at 37 °C. C. immitis and C. posadasii saprobic-phase cells (mycelia) were grown by adding an arthroconidia spore suspension to a flask containing culture media (RPMI-1640 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) with L-glutamine and sodium bicarbonate); then, the flask was incubated at 37 °C, at 160 rpm for 96 h. For parasitic-phase cells (spherules), inoculation and growth were as described for mycelia, but the parameters for incubation were: 38 °C, 180 rpm, 20% CO₂, and 96 h incubation.