The aqueous extract derived from the leaves of S. officinalis was employed in the reduction of Zinc nitrate hexahydrate solution for the biopreparation of ZnO-NPs. Zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn (NO3)2·6H2O) with a purity of 98% was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, located in Poole, Dorset, U.K. Five milliliters of S. officinalis leaf extract was added to 95 mL of a solution of 0.01 M Zinc nitrate hexahydrate. Subsequently, the flask was subjected to magnetic stirring for 60 min at 70 °C. The formation of reduced precipitates is indicative of the formation of ZnO-NPs. The reaction mixture was then centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 min for the separation of the reduced precipitates. In order to eliminate any extract residues, the precipitates were subsequently washed with distilled H2O. Finally, the precipitates were incubated in an oven for 8 h at 100 °C for subsequent physicochemical characterization [40 (link)].
Zinc nitrate hexahydrate
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, India, United Kingdom, Australia, China, Spain, Cameroon, Brazil, Italy, Latvia, Poland
Zinc nitrate hexahydrate is a chemical compound with the formula Zn(NO3)2·6H2O. It is a colorless crystalline solid that is soluble in water and commonly used in various laboratory applications.
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Lab products found in correlation
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (47 mentions)
2 methylimidazole, by Merck Group (45 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (27 mentions)
Silver nitrate, by Merck Group (22 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (22 mentions)
Hexamethylenetetramine, by Merck Group (18 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (18 mentions)
Magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, by Merck Group (15 mentions)
Sodium borohydride, by Merck Group (14 mentions)
Zinc acetate dihydrate, by Merck Group (13 mentions)
Acetone, by Merck Group (13 mentions)
N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Merck Group (13 mentions)
Cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, by Merck Group (11 mentions)
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Merck Group (11 mentions)
Aluminum nitrate nonahydrate, by Merck Group (10 mentions)
Ammonium hydroxide, by Merck Group (10 mentions)
Copper nitrate trihydrate, by Merck Group (10 mentions)
Cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate, by Merck Group (9 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (9 mentions)
286 protocols using zinc nitrate hexahydrate
1
Biogenic ZnO Nanoparticles from Sage Extract
2
Synthesis of Metal-Organic Frameworks
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Zinc nitrate hexahydrate
(≥99% purity), 2-methylimidazolate (Hmim, 99% purity), dipotassium
phosphate (≥98% purity), 1-methylimidazole (96% purity), potassium
dihydrogen phosphate (≥99% purity), glutaraldehyde solution
(25% in H2O), titanium(IV) isopropoxide (TIPO, ≥97%
purity), tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS, 98% purity), Pluronic P123,
and poly(styrenesulfonate) sodium salt (PSS) were purchased from Aldrich
Chemical Co. Unless noted otherwise, all chemicals were used without
further purification.
(≥99% purity), 2-methylimidazolate (Hmim, 99% purity), dipotassium
phosphate (≥98% purity), 1-methylimidazole (96% purity), potassium
dihydrogen phosphate (≥99% purity), glutaraldehyde solution
(25% in H2O), titanium(IV) isopropoxide (TIPO, ≥97%
purity), tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS, 98% purity), Pluronic P123,
and poly(styrenesulfonate) sodium salt (PSS) were purchased from Aldrich
Chemical Co. Unless noted otherwise, all chemicals were used without
further purification.
3
Synthesis of Antimicrobial Nanoparticles
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Zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2 6H2O, 98%), silver nitrate (AgNO3, 99%), 4-nitrophenol and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) were purchased from Aldrich and used as precursors. Sodium alginate was purchased from Aldrich and used as supplied. Deionized water was used in all experiments. Escherichia coli (ATCC-8739) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-6538) were used for the bacterial studies.
4
Cellular Uptake of Tat-Conjugated Nanoparticles
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Cadmium oxide (99.99%), zinc nitrate hexahydrate (98%), sulfur powder (99.98%), selenium powder (100 mesh, 99.5%), 1-octadecene (90%), stearic acid (95%), trioctylphosphine (90%), cysteamine (98%), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC), and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) were purchased from Aldrich. N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF, 99.5%) was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent. Tat peptide (sequence Ac-YGRKKRRQRRR) and Tat-TAMRA (sequence Ac-YGRKK(TAMRA)RRQRRR) were purchased from ChinaPeptides. The HeLa cell line was purchased from KeyGEN BioTECH. Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), trypsin, phosphate buffer solution (PBS), and penicillin-streptomycin (PS) were purchased from Solarbio. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from cellmaxBioTECH. Cell culture dishes and plates were purchased from NEST Biotech. Chondroitin sulfate, heparin, nystatin, dynasore, chlorpromazine hydrochloride, genistein, amiloride, cytochalasin D, and importazole were purchased from Shanghai BaiLi Biotechnology. Hoechst 33342 and Lipo3000 transfection reagent were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific.
5
Synthesis of Cobalt-Palladium Nanocomposites
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Cobalt nitrate hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2·6H2O), methanol (MeOH, 99.9%), ethanol (EtOH, 99.5%), and potassium tetrachloropalladate(II) (K2PdCl4) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, 98%), and 2-methylimidazole (Hmin, 99.0%) were purchased from Aldrich. PS latex microspheres (1 μm) dispersed in deionized (DI) water were purchased from Alfa Aesar. All chemicals were used without further purification.
6
Nicotinic Acid-Based Nanoparticle Synthesis
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Nicotinic acid (C6H5NO2), zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, purity > 98.0%), aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (Al(NO3)3·9H2O, purity > 98.0%) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were purchased from Aldrich (Seoul, Korea). Eudragit® S100 (MW = 125,000 g/mol) was supplied by Evonik (Essen, Germany).
7
Synthesis of Metal-Organic Frameworks
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The following chemicals were used as received without further purification: zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Aldrich, 98%), cobalt (II) nitrate hexahydrate (Aldrich, 98 + %), 2-methylimidazole (H-MeIm, 99%, Aldrich), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, 98%, Aldrich), chloroplatinic acid hydrate (Sigma-Aldrich, 99.9 + %), gold (III) chloride trihydrate (Sigma, 99.9%), silver nitrate (Merck, 99%), tetrabutylammonium borohydride (R-NBH4, 98%, Sigma), sodium hydroxide (Merck, 99%), hydrochloric acid (VWR chemical, 32%), methanol (Fisher, 99.99%), and ethanol (Fisher, 99.99%). Deionized water was used for all experiments.
8
Green Synthesis of ZnO and Ag Nanoparticles
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Zinc nitrate hexahydrate, (Aldrich) potassium hydroxide (Sigma), MB dye (Fluka), silver nitrate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (Sigma) were reagent grade and were used as received without further purification. The synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs was carried out by the solvothermal route. First, 4.0 M solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) was added drop-wise to a 0.5 M solution of Zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2·6H2O) under vigorous stirring to obtain a turbid solution. The solution was then put into an autoclave and maintained at 130 °C for 8 h. After completion, the autoclave was allowed to cool and the precipitate separated by centrifugation and washing with deionized (DI) water and then dried at room temperature for 24 h. Colloidal triangular silver nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical techniques using a similar procedure to that used previously in our group38 (link) (for details see ESI† ).
9
Synthesis of PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles
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Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was purchased from Sigma. Tetra-chloroauric acid (HAuCl4), ascorbic acid (99.0%), silver nitrate (AgNO3), 2-methylimidazolate (2-MIM), Zinc nitrate hexahydrate, monosodium phosphate (NaH2PO4), sodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4), sodium borohydride (NaBH4), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were purchased from Aldrich. Doxorubicin Hydrocholoride (DOX) was purchased from Aladdin. 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (ammonium salt) (18:0 PEG2000PE) was purchased from Avanti. All the chemicals were used as received without further purification.
10
Aqueous Metal Ion Detection Protocol
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Silver nitrate (≥99.99%, Alfa Aesar), xylenol orange disodium salt (Aldrich), trisodium citrate dihydrate (≥99.0%, Aldrich), spermine tetrahydrochloride (99%, Alfa Aesar), zinc nitrate hexahydrate (≥99.0, Aldrich), nitric acid (69%, AnalR Normapur), sodium hydroxide 1 M solution (Fluka) were used as received from the suppliers. Dilutions were performed using ultrapure water fractions having a resistivity of 18 MΩ.cm when exiting the purification apparatus and kept for no longer than 1 day.
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