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33 protocols using inveon research workplace 4

1

Multimodal Imaging of U87MG Tumor Xenografts

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U87MG tumor-bearing mice were prepared by subcutaneously inoculating U87MG cells (5 × 106) into the right hind legs of 5-week-old BALB/c nude mice (male). When tumor size reached 407.4 ± 58.6 mm3 at 3 weeks after inoculation, the 64Cu-DOTA-(AF)SAv/biotin-PEG-RGD2 (6.9 ± 0.3 MBq/200 μL) was injected intravenously without (n = 3) or with RGD2 (20 mg/kg, n = 3) through the tail vein. MicroPET static images were acquired for 10 min at 1, 2, 16, and 21 h after injection. Immediately after microPET imaging, optical images of the mice were acquired (excitation: 675 nm, emission 720 nm) for 1 s.
The images obtained were reconstructed using three-dimensional ordered subset expectation maximization and then processed using Siemens Inveon Research Workplace 4.2. Regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn over tumors in the right legs, and the average signal levels in the ROIs were measured. Data are expressed as percent injected dose per gram of tissue (% ID/g). ROIs of optical images were drawn over tumors, and signal levels were measured using Living Image 3.2 software. These data are presented as photons per second per square centimeter per steradian (photons/s/cm2/sr).
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2

Micro-CT Analysis of Rabbit Bone Regeneration

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After 4 and 8 weeks of healing, the rabbits were sacrificed. The skull bones were
harvested and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, the samples were processed
and scanned with a micro-CT (Siemens Inveon, Siemens, Germany) running at a
voltage of 80 kV, an electric current of 500 mA, exposure time of 2000 ms and a
pixel resolution of 15 µm with a 0.5 mm aluminum filter. Three-dimensional (3D)
image models were reconstructed using Inveon Research Workplace 4.2 (Siemens,
Germany). A 5 mm diameter circular region was placed in the center of the
initial defect area and was defined as the region of interest (ROI). The optimal
threshold for discriminating between the bone and grafting materials was
determined as 615. Finally, the bone volume density (BV/TV %) within the ROI,
was determined and expressed as mean ± standard deviation (M ± SD).
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3

Quantifying PET Tracer Biodistribution in Rats

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Normal SD rats (120 ± 12 g) were used in this study. All rats were anesthetized by inhalation of isoflurane, which was maintained throughout the imaging procedure. The imaging study was performed using a small-animal PET system. SD rats were placed on a fixed plate in the supine position for scanning. 18F-VS-RBCs (24.8 ± 2.6 MBq and 400 μl) was injected through the tail vein. At the same time, images were continuously acquired for 60 min using the list mode. The list mode data were reconstructed using a dynamic sequence (30 frames, 60 s). After reconstruction, regions of interest (ROIs, mm3) of the heart, blood vessels, and spleen were obtained using the software provided by the supplier (Inveon Research Workplace 4.2, Siemens). The values were presented as dose per gram of organ (% ID/g).
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4

Micro-CT Analysis of Mouse Bones

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After the animals were sacrificed, the nine mice used for the Micro-CT analysis were fixed in PFA 4% and immediately scanned using a vivaCT 80 (SCANCO, Zurich, Switzerland) at 10 µm resolution. The observations and measurements were conducted out using Inveon research workplace 4.2 (Siemens AG, Berlin and Munich, Germany). Linear distances and bone mass-related analyses were measured and calculated.
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5

Rabbit Skull Bone Regeneration

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Three months after surgery, one rabbit was randomly selected from each group to create a skull model. The procedure was repeated 6 months after surgery. The skull was photographed to obtain a record of visualisation. Bone regeneration in the skull was evaluated using micro-computed tomography (CT). Bone regeneration in the alveolar cleft was evaluated using a micro-CT system (SIEMENS Inveon Research Workplace 4.2, Beijing). The three-dimensional repair of the injuries to each group was observed, and the trabecular bone and bone density values were recorded.
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6

Tumor Xenograft Imaging with [64Cu]3B

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The tumor xenograft model was prepared by subcutaneously inoculating PC3 (7 × 106) and 22Rv1 cells (7 × 106) suspended in 100 μL of a 1:1 mixture of Matrigel and PBS into the left (PC3) and right (22Rv1) flanks of BALB/c nude mice. MicroPET images were acquired for 10 min at 1, 14, and 17 h after intravenous injection of [64Cu]3B (8.14 ± 0.06 MBq) into mice (n = 3) via the tail vein when tumor volumes had reached 119.3 ± 26.5 mm3 (PC3) and 147.0 ± 37.0 mm3 (22Rv1). The images were reconstructed using the three-dimensional ordered subset expectation maximization and then processed using Siemens Inveon Research Workplace 4.2. ROIs were drawn over the tumors in the left and right flanks and other major tissues, and the average signal levels in the ROIs were measured. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3).
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7

In Vivo Radioactive Tracer Kinetics

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Manual regions-of-interest of the whole brain were defined on registered Day 0 PET/CT images using the Siemens Inveon Research Workplace 4.2. Later time points PET/CT were registered with Day 0 images using a manual rigid transformation. The time activity values were calculated using the same VOIs for each animal. Exponential time activity curves were then fitted for all animals in each of three groups: free iodine, Iodogen, and modified Bolton-Hunter (Fig. 5). In fitting the exponential functions, the first point on each of the three curves was normalized to 100%. The effective half-life for each method was calculated as the time at which the exponential curve decayed to 50% of its original value.
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8

Micro-CT Imaging of Mouse Lungs

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Micro-CT was performed using an Inveon micro-CT system (Siemens, Knoxville, USA) that has a 165 mm X-ray detector and a variable X-ray source at the VCU Molecular Imaging Core laboratory. In brief, mice were anesthetized with 2% isoflurane in oxygen (2 LPM) delivered through a nose cone and then imaged in prone position in the CT scanner. Three-dimensional images were acquired with 360-degree rotation around a 98×98 mm field of view (FOV), with 80 kV voltages and 500 µA current to yield an effective pixel size of 96 µm and a scan time of 9 minutes. A tube containing water was scanned using the same parameters and was used for Hounsfield unit (HU) calculation. Micro-CT images were reconstructed using a modified Feldkamp algorithm using manufacturer provided software. Image segmentation, analysis and volume rendering were done using Inveon Research Workplace 4.2 (Siemens, USA). The low attenuation area (LAA) was defined as Hounsfield units (HU), which was derived arbitrarily by comparing the lungs of PBS treated and elastase treated mice, which was used for calculation of the volume of the LAA in the entire mouse lung, and a 3D colormap was used to empirically define the lung parenchyma as HU between −278 and −429 identified in white color and the LAA was marked as green color in the HU between −650 and –580.38 (link)
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9

MicroCT Analysis of Calcified Gels

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The gels were sealed in parafilm and placed on the mouse holder for MicroCT imaging. MicroCT images for the gels were acquired at 50 KV, 0.24 mA, 75 ms exposure, 360°, and 720 projections with the Milabs U-CT scanner (Houten, Netherlands) under mouse total body accurate settings. The images were reconstructed with Milabs.Rec 10.16 software at 30 μm voxel size. The MicroCT data were analyzed with Inveon Research Workplace 4.2 (Siemens, Australia). Dicom data was loaded into the Multimodal 3D visualization module and segmented manually. The extent of calcification with Hounsfield unit (HU) greater than 300 or 1000 was applied to each gel and the volume and surface area computed with the statistics function.
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10

Micro-CT Analysis of Mandibular Samples

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The bilateral mandibular sections were collected and the soft tissues were removed. Then the samples were scanned using a micro‐computed tomographic system (GANTRY‐ STD CT 3121; Siemens, Knoxville, TN) with 80 kV, 500 mA, a pixel size of 33.658 mm, a camera exposure time of 1500 ms, and 360 rotations around the vertical axis with a 1 rotation step. The aluminum filter was set at 0 mm during the scans. Raw data obtained at the scanning stage were reconstructed using the Inveon Research Workplace 4.2 software (Siemens).
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