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7 protocols using sox2 d6d9

1

Immunoblotting of Stem Cell Markers

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This has been performed as previously described (5). Antibodies directed against, α-SMA, IL-6 and Vimentin (RV202) were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA). ALDH1/2 (H-85), CD24 (C-20), and GAPDH (FL-335) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotech (Santa Cruz, CA). p16 was purchased from BD. E-cadherin (24E10), N—Cadherin, AKT (C73H10), p-AKT (Thr308), Sox2 (D6D9) and EpCAM (D1B3) Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). CD44 was purchased from (Sigma-Aldrich).
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2

Immunofluorescence Staining of Pluripotency Markers

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HiPSCs were washed three times with PBS (Merck #L182-50) and fixed with 4% formaldehyde (Roth #P733.2) for 20 min at room temperature. After washing with PBS three times, cells were permeabilised with 0.5% Tween-20 (Roth #9127), 0.1% Triton X-100 (Roth 3051.3), 0.1% IGEPAL (Sigma #9036-19-5) in TBS for 20 min. Before blocking cells were washed with TBS three times and blocked with 5% donkey serum in TBS-T (0.1% Tween-20 in TBS) for 1 h (h). Afterwards washed once with TBS-T and incubated with the primary antibody OCT4 (rabbit-anti-OCT4 C30A3, Cell signaling Technology #2840 1:400), SOX2 (rabbit-anti-SOX2 D6D9, Cell signaling Technology #3579 1:400) or NANOG (rabbit-anti-NANOG D73G4, Cell signaling Technology #4903 1:200) respectively in 1% donkey serum in TBS-T at 4 °C overnight. Cells were washed three times with TBS-T for 5–10 min, and then incubated with secondary antibody (donkey-anti-rabbit Alexa488, Invitrogen #A21206, 1:400) in 1% donkey serum in TBS-T for 1 h at room temperature. The cells were washed three times with TBS-T for 5–10 min, then stained with 1:1000 dilution of Hoechst 33342 (Thermo Fisher #H3570) in TBS for 5 min, afterwards washed twice with TBS. Images were acquired with Cytation 1 (Biotek).
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3

Investigating Protein Regulation in A549 Cells

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Protein was extracted from A549 cells with CAF, IGF2, anti‐IGF2, MK‐2206, siSox2 treatment or not by RIPA Lysis Buffer (Beyotime, Shanghai, China) containing protease plus phosphatase inhibitor cocktail. Western blot was performed by loading 20 μg of protein lysates. Gradient 10%‐15% gels were used to separate the electrophoretic protein in mono‐dimension (Bio‐Rad, CA, USA), and were then transferred onto a PVDF membrane (Millipore, Bedford, USA) by using the Trans‐Blot Turbo Transfer System (Bio‐Rad). Blots were blocked in 5% BSA in TBST for 1 hour at room temperature, and then were incubated overnight with the primary antibody of phospho‐AKT (Thr308) (D25E6) (Cell Signaling Technology), total AKT (pan) (C67E7) (Cell Signaling Technology), Sox2 (D6D9) (Cell Signaling Technology), anti‐P glycoprotein (P‐GP) (ab129450) (Abcam) and β‐actin (8H10D10) (Cell Signaling Technology) at 4°C After washing, blots were incubated for 1 hour with a suitable secondary antibody (Auragene, Changsha, China). Proteins were visualized by ECL Western Blotting Substrate (Themo Pierce, Rockford, IL). β‐actin antibody was used as a control (ab8226, Abcam, UK).
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4

Antibody Characterization for Stem Cell Markers

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The antibodies used were: policlonal VRK1 (VC) and monoclonal VRK1 (1B5 or 1F6)64 (link). VRK1 (HPA000660, Sigma). Sox2 (D6D9, Cell Signaling; Berverly, MA,; E4, Santa Cruz; Santa Cruz, CA; Y-17, Santa Cruz,). Oct4 (2840, Cell Signaling), Nanog (D73G4, Cell Signaling), N-Cadherin (H-63, Santa Cruz), Vimentin (RV202, Abcam; Cambridge, UK). Flag epitope (Sigma-Aldrich, monoclonal M5; Sigma-Aldrich, polyclonal F7425). HA epitope (Santa Cruz, F-7; Sigma-Aldrich, H6908), myc epitope (06–549, Millipore; Billerica, MA; 05–724, Millipore), GST (B-14, Santa Cruz). Cyclin D1 (M-20, Santa Cruz). Cyclin A (C-19, Santa Cruz). Rb (C-15, Santa Cruz). Phospho-Rb (Ser807/811)(9308, Cell Signaling). PCNA (PC10, Santa Cruz). PAX6 (PRB-278P, Covance; Princeton, NJ), p27 (610241, BD-Transduction Laboratories; Franklin Lakes, NJ). CREB (9104, Cell Signaling). Phospho-CREB (Ser133) (9191, Cell Signaling). C-myc (N-262, Santa Cruz). β-actin (AC-15, Sigma-Aldrich). Secondary antibodies goat α-Mouse IgG, DyLightTM 680 and/or goat α-Rabbit Ig-G, DyLightTM 800 (Thermo Fischer Scientific) were used for detection in a Li-Cor Odyssey system (Thermo Fisher Scientific; Waltham, MA).
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5

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Markers

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WB analysis was carried out as previously described14 ,34 (link). The following antibodies were used in these assays: NGFR (C-20, Santa Cruz Biotechnology and D4B3, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), SOX2 (D6D9, Cell signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), p53 (DO-1, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), p21 (CP74, Neomarkers, Fremont, CA, USA), PUMA (H-136, Santa Cruz, Biotechnology), and MDM2 (SMP14, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, 2A9, 2A10, and 4B11).
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6

Protein Expression Analysis of hiPSC Cultures

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Protein from hiPSC cultures was extracted with Pierce RIPA lysis buffer supplemented with a Halt protease inhibitor single-use cocktail (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Lysates were clarified by centrifugation and quantified by Bradford assay. Samples were then boiled and loaded onto 10% polyacrylamide gels and transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane (Roche). Membranes were blocked with 5% non-fat milk and blotted with the corresponding primary antibodies overnight at 4°C: α-tubulin (Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA), OCT4 (9B7; Thermo Fisher Scientific), NANOG (D73G4; Cell Signaling Technology), or SOX2 (D6D9; Cell Signaling Technology). Blots were then incubated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibodies, and the luminescence reaction was developed with SuperSignal West Pico PLUS chemiluminescent substrate (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Blots were re-probed after incubation with Restore Plus western blot stripping buffer (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Full unedited blot images are included as supplementary figures (Figure S3B).
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7

Protein Expression Analysis of Stem Cell Markers

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OSCC cells were lysed in lysis buffer containing protease and phosphatase inhibitors. Protein samples of 20–30 µg were loaded into sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel and separated by electrophoresis. After the proteins were transferred onto polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane, the membrane was probed with primary antibodies, followed by second antibodies. The protein signals were developed after incubation with chemiluminescent substrates. Antibodies against KLF4 (D1F2) (12173S, 1:1000 dilution), Nanog (D2A3) (8822S, 1:1000 dilution), Sox2 (D6D9) (3579S, 1:1000 dilution), and β‐actin (3700S, 1:5000 dilution) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (MA, USA). Anti‐FOXA2 [EPR4466] (ab108422, 1:1000 dilution), and anti‐FTO antibody [EPR6894] (ab126605, 1:1000 dilution) were from Abcam (Cambridge, UK).
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