Four antibody binding assays were used for serological testing according to the instructions of the manufacturer. Two were quantitative:
Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant-test (Abbott) (Abbott France, Rungis, France) with 50 arbitrary units (AU)/ml as a threshold for positivity, and
Roche Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 S (Roche Diagnostics France, Meylan, France) with 0.8 AU/ml used as a threshold for positivity. Two were semi-quantitative: Beckman Access SARS-CoV-2 IgG II (Beckman Coulter France SAS, Roissy CDG, France) with 30 AU/ml as a threshold for positivity and Siemens
Atellica® IM SARS-CoV-2 IgG (Siemens Healthcare SAS, Saint-Denis, France) with 0.8 AU/ml used as a threshold for positivity.
BAU/ml proposed by the WHO, to standardize any assay to the WHO International Standard, were calculated by applying the following conversion factors as suggested by the manufacturers: Abbott, BAU/ml = (1/7) × Antibody Units (AU)/ml, Beckman, BAU/ml = 1 × AU/ml, Roche, BAU/ml = 1.029 × AU/ml, and Siemens, BAU/ml = 21.8 × AU/ml.
The neutralizing capacity was estimated by performing a surrogate virus neutralization test (
sVNT) assay (GenScript, Piscataway, NJ, USA) as previously described [10 (
link),15 (
link),16 (
link)]. This assay detects antibodies that block the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with its entry receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. A threshold of 20% was used for positivity.
Halfon P., Jordana S., Blachier S., Cartlamy P., Kbaier L., Psomas C.K., Philibert P., Antoniotti G., Allemand-Sourrieu J., Rebaudet S., Cavaille G., Stavris C., Retornaz F., Chiche L, & Penaranda G. (2023). Anti-spike protein to determine SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels: Is there a specific threshold conferring protection in immunocompromised patients?. PLOS ONE, 18(4), e0281257.