Zinc nanopowder

Sodium nitrite (NaNO₂), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), phosphate buffer saline (PBS) powder, hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), methanol (>99.8%), acetone (>99.5%), brain heart infusion (BHI) broth and agar, and zinc nanopowder (40–60 nm, >99%) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). N-Acetyl-d-penicillamine (NAP) was purchased from PharmaBlock Sciences Inc. (Hatfield, PA). Reduced glutathione (GSH) was purchased from Gold Biotechnology (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other metal nanopowders, silver (50–60 nm), iron (35–45 nm), copper (40–60 nm), and nickel (40–60 nm), zinc (40–60 nm) were purchased from SkySpring Nanomaterials (Houston, TX, USA). A modified Griess reagent kit was purchased from Invitrogen via ThermoFisher Scientific. Carbosil 2080A polymer pellets were purchased through DSM. Mouse fibroblast cells (3T3, CRL-1658) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC BAA 41) were obtained through the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA). Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and penicillin-streptomycin were purchased through Gibco (Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) for cell culture maintenance was purchased from VWR. Cell culture counting (CCK-8) kit was obtained through Enzo Life Sciences (Farmingdale, NY, USA).