Poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (Mn = 360, PEGMA), 4-vinylbenzyl chloride (90%), sodium azide (99.5%, NaN3), 2-cyano-2-propyl benzodithioate (97%, CPBD), 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (98%, DMAEMA), styrene (99%, St), propargyl ether (98%, dipropargyl ether), azobisisobutyronitrile (98%, AIBN), tin (II) ethyl hexanoate (95%), hexamethylene diisocyanate (99%, HMDI) copper (II) chloride (97%, CuCl2), N,N,N′,N′,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (99%, PMDETA) and ascorbic acid (reagent grade) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. PEGMA, DMAEMA, and St were purified with activated alumina (basic, Brockman I); AIBN was recrystallized twice from methanol. All other reagents were used as received.
2 cyano 2 propyl benzodithioate
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United Kingdom
2-cyano-2-propyl benzodithioate is a chemical compound used as a laboratory reagent. It is a solid crystalline substance. The compound's core function is to serve as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis and research applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Glycidyl methacrylate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
4 4 azobis 4 cyanopentanoic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
2 2 2 trifluoroethyl methacrylate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Ethanolamine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Azobisisobutyronitrile, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Chloroform, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Deuterium oxide, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sodium phosphate dibasic, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sodium phosphate monobasic, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
N n n n n pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
4 vinylbenzyl chloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tin 2 ethylhexanoate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
2 dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium azide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hexamethylene diisocyanate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Benzyl methacrylate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Methyl methacrylate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Azoxystrobin, by Syngenta (1 mentions)
Anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
15 protocols using 2 cyano 2 propyl benzodithioate
1
Synthesis of Multifunctional Polymeric Materials
2
Synthesis of Functional Polymers via RAFT
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Methyl methacrylate (MMA;
99%), 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA; 99%), benzyl methacrylate
(BzMA; 98%), 4,4’-azobis(4-cyanopentanoic acid (ACVA; 98%),
and 2-cyano-2-propyl benzodithioate (CPDB; 97%) were purchased from
Sigma-Aldrich (UK). Glycerol monomethacrylate (GMA; 99.8%) was kindly
donated by GEO Specialty Chemicals (Hythe, UK). Deionized water obtained
from an Elga Medica DV25 water purification unit was used for all
experiments.
99%), 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA; 99%), benzyl methacrylate
(BzMA; 98%), 4,4’-azobis(4-cyanopentanoic acid (ACVA; 98%),
and 2-cyano-2-propyl benzodithioate (CPDB; 97%) were purchased from
Sigma-Aldrich (UK). Glycerol monomethacrylate (GMA; 99.8%) was kindly
donated by GEO Specialty Chemicals (Hythe, UK). Deionized water obtained
from an Elga Medica DV25 water purification unit was used for all
experiments.
3
Polymeric Dispersant Synthesis and Characterization
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MMA (99%), TFEMA (99%), 4,4′-azobis(4-cyanopentanoic
acid) (ACVA; 98%), 2-cyano-2-propyl benzodithioate (CPDB; 97%), and
Triton X-100 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (UK). Glycerol monomethacrylate
(GMA) was donated by GEO Specialty Chemicals (Hythe, UK), and the
commercial dispersant Morwet D-425 was obtained from AkzoNobel (Sweden).
Azoxystrobin was provided by Syngenta (Jealott’s Hill, UK).
The antifoaming agent silicone SAG1572 was purchased from Momentive
(Germany), and 1.0 mm zirconium aluminum oxide beads were purchased
from Sigmund-Lindner (Germany). Deionized water was used for all experiments.
acid) (ACVA; 98%), 2-cyano-2-propyl benzodithioate (CPDB; 97%), and
Triton X-100 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (UK). Glycerol monomethacrylate
(GMA) was donated by GEO Specialty Chemicals (Hythe, UK), and the
commercial dispersant Morwet D-425 was obtained from AkzoNobel (Sweden).
Azoxystrobin was provided by Syngenta (Jealott’s Hill, UK).
The antifoaming agent silicone SAG1572 was purchased from Momentive
(Germany), and 1.0 mm zirconium aluminum oxide beads were purchased
from Sigmund-Lindner (Germany). Deionized water was used for all experiments.
4
Synthesis of Antimicrobial Methacrylate Monomer
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The methacrylic monomer 2-(((2-(4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethoxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl methacrylate (MTZ) was prepared according to the procedure described previously [32 (link)]. Anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 99.8%), anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF, 99.9%), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO, 99%), n-hexane (≥95%), 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole (98%), 1-iodobutane (99%) and RAFT agent 2-cyano-2-propyl benzodithioate (CPBD, >97%), were purchased from Sigma Aldrich and used as received. 2,2′-Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN, 98%, Acros) was recrystallized twice from methanol. Cellulose dialysis membranes (CelluSep T-series and H1) were acquired from Membrane Filtration Products, Inc. Phosphate buffered saline powder (pH 7.4) was acquired from Sigma-Aldrich, buffer solution at pH 9 was obtained from Chem Lab.
For biological studies, sodium chloride solution (NaCl suitable for cell culture, BioXtra), Triton X-114 (laboratory grade) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Growth medium, BBL Mueller–Hinton broth, was purchased from Becton Dickinson Company and Columbia agar (5% sheep blood) plates from BioMérieux. Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin and oxacillin (S. aureus, ATCC 43300) used as bacterial strain was purchased from Oxoid, Thermo Fisher Scientific.
For biological studies, sodium chloride solution (NaCl suitable for cell culture, BioXtra), Triton X-114 (laboratory grade) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Growth medium, BBL Mueller–Hinton broth, was purchased from Becton Dickinson Company and Columbia agar (5% sheep blood) plates from BioMérieux. Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin and oxacillin (S. aureus, ATCC 43300) used as bacterial strain was purchased from Oxoid, Thermo Fisher Scientific.
5
Synthesis of Radical Polymerization Reagents
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Phosphate-buffered
saline (PBS) solutions were
prepared using preformulated tablets (Sigma-Aldrich) in 200 mL of
Milli-Q water (>18.2 Ω mean resistivity) to give [NaCl] =
0.138
M, [KCl] = 0.0027 M, and pH 7.4. Vinyl acetate (>99%), styrene
(>99%),
and isopropenyl acetate (99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and
were filtered through a plug of basic alumina to remove inhibitors
prior to use. 4,4′-Azobis(4-cynaovaleric acid) (>98%) was
recrystallized
from methanol and stored at −18 °C in the dark. Maleic
anhydride (99%), benzyl bromide (98%), 2-cyano-2-propyl benzodithioate
(>97%), N-Boc-ethanolamine (98%), 2-dimethylaminoethanol (99.5%),
2-(diethylamino)ethanol (>99.5%), 2-(diisopropylamino)ethanol (>99%),
and trifluoroacetic acid (99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
Potassium ethyl xanthate (98%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar. All
solvents were purchased from VWR or Sigma-Aldrich and used without
further purification. S-benzyl O-ethyl carbondithioate was synthesized by Thomas Congdon.41 (link)
saline (PBS) solutions were
prepared using preformulated tablets (Sigma-Aldrich) in 200 mL of
Milli-Q water (>18.2 Ω mean resistivity) to give [NaCl] =
0.138
M, [KCl] = 0.0027 M, and pH 7.4. Vinyl acetate (>99%), styrene
(>99%),
and isopropenyl acetate (99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and
were filtered through a plug of basic alumina to remove inhibitors
prior to use. 4,4′-Azobis(4-cynaovaleric acid) (>98%) was
recrystallized
from methanol and stored at −18 °C in the dark. Maleic
anhydride (99%), benzyl bromide (98%), 2-cyano-2-propyl benzodithioate
(>97%), N-Boc-ethanolamine (98%), 2-dimethylaminoethanol (99.5%),
2-(diethylamino)ethanol (>99.5%), 2-(diisopropylamino)ethanol (>99%),
and trifluoroacetic acid (99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
Potassium ethyl xanthate (98%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar. All
solvents were purchased from VWR or Sigma-Aldrich and used without
further purification. S-benzyl O-ethyl carbondithioate was synthesized by Thomas Congdon.41 (link)
6
Synthesis and Characterization of Polymeric Materials
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Glycerol
monomethacrylate (GMA; 99.8% purity)
was kindly donated by GEO Specialty Chemicals (Hythe, UK) and used
without further purification. 2-Hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA)
was purchased from Alfa Aesar and used as received. 2,2′-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane]
dihydrochloride (VA-044) was purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries
(Japan) and used as received. Glycidyl methacrylate (GlyMA), 2-cyano-2-propyl
benzodithioate (CPDB), 4,4′-azobis(4-cyanopentanoic acid) (ACVA;
V-501; 99%), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), d4-sodium trimethylsilyl propanoate (TMSP), sodium dodecyl
sulfate (SDS), deuterated methanol-d4,
ethanol (99%, anhydrous grade), methanol and dichloromethane were
purchased from Sigma-Aldrich UK and were used as received. All solvents
were of HPLC-grade quality.
monomethacrylate (GMA; 99.8% purity)
was kindly donated by GEO Specialty Chemicals (Hythe, UK) and used
without further purification. 2-Hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA)
was purchased from Alfa Aesar and used as received. 2,2′-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane]
dihydrochloride (VA-044) was purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries
(Japan) and used as received. Glycidyl methacrylate (GlyMA), 2-cyano-2-propyl
benzodithioate (CPDB), 4,4′-azobis(4-cyanopentanoic acid) (ACVA;
V-501; 99%), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), d4-sodium trimethylsilyl propanoate (TMSP), sodium dodecyl
sulfate (SDS), deuterated methanol-d4,
ethanol (99%, anhydrous grade), methanol and dichloromethane were
purchased from Sigma-Aldrich UK and were used as received. All solvents
were of HPLC-grade quality.
7
Synthesis and Characterization of Block Copolymers
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2-Cyano-2-propyl benzodithioate (CPDB, >97%), 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 4-acextoxystyrene, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA, 99%), were all obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. AIBN was purified by recrystallization from methanol. The monomers were purified by passing through a basic alumina column immediately before use. All other chemicals were used as received. PS-b-PMMA (38k–37k) block copolymers with molar mass dispersity of 1.08 were purchased from Polymer Source Inc. and used without further purification.
8
Synthesis and Characterization of PEG-Based Biomaterials
9
Synthesis and Characterization of Polymeric Materials
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Ethanolamine ≥98%, paraformaldehyde 95%, dimethyl phosphite 98%, methacryloyl chloride 97%, triethylamine (TEA) ≥99%, 2-cyano-2-propyl-benzodithioate (CPDB) ≥97%, bromotrimethylsilane 97% (TMSBr), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran (THF), dichloromethane (DCM), acetonitrile (CH3CN), 1,4-dioxane, methanol (MEOH), tert-butyl methyl ether were purchased by Sigma Aldrich and were used as received. 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) 98% (AIBN) was recrystallized twice from methanol. Any glassware was cleaned in a KOH/isopropanol bath and dried under vacuum prior use.
10
RAFT-Mediated Synthesis of DMAEMA Polymers
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The following chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used as received: 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA monomer) (98%, contains 700-1000 ppm hydroquinone as inhibitor), 2-cyano-2-propyl benzodithioate (reversible additionfragmentation chain transfer [RAFT] agent) (>97%), 1,1′-azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitrile) (radical initiator) (98%), dioxane (99.5%), n-heptane (99%), chloroform with 0.6% ethanol stabiliser (reagent grade), tetrahydrofuran stabilised with 250 ppm BHT (>99.9%), and triethylamine (>99.5%).
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