Cycloplegia was achieved with topical application of cyclopentolate hydrochloride eye drops (10 mg/ml, Alcon Inc., Fort Worth, USA), administrated as one drop every five minutes for a total of three times. Following a 20-minute break, each subject underwent objective refraction with a WAM 5500 autorefractor (Grand SEIKO Co. Ltd, Hiroshima, Japan). During the measurement, the tested eye was required to fixate on a bright spot (20 cd/m2) on a dark screen located six meters away, with the non-tested eye left open. Refractive errors [i.e., Spherical (S), Cylinder (C), axis (α)] were measured five times in each eye. SE and vector presentation of astigmatism J0 and J45 were calculated according to the following formulas: SE = S + C/2, J0 = (−C/2) × cos(2 × alpha), and J45 = (−C/2) × sin(2 × alpha), in which alpha represents the direction of the astigmatism. All 193 anisometropic subjects met this criterion.
Cyclopentolate hydrochloride eye drops
Manufactured by Alcon
Sourced in Switzerland
Cyclopentolate hydrochloride eye drops are a pharmaceutical product used as a mydriatic and cycloplegic agent. It temporarily dilates the pupil and relaxes the eye's focusing mechanism.
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Lab products found in correlation
4 protocols using cyclopentolate hydrochloride eye drops
1
Objective Refraction in Anisometropia
2
Refractive Error Measurement in Myopic Guinea Pigs
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After 2 and 4 weeks of myopia induction, refractive error was measured for animals from both the NC and LIM groups. Prior to the examination, the lenses covered on the eyes of guinea pigs were gently removed with scissors, and 10 mg/mL of cyclopentolate hydrochloride eye drops (Alcon, Geneva, Switzerland) was dropped into the conjunctival capsule of the guinea pigs three times, one drop each time, at an interval of 5 minutes. Refractive examinations were performed 30 to ∼45 minutes after the last eye drop application. Each eye was measured at least six times, and the average value was taken as the experimental result. Ophthalmic A-type ultrasonography (Cinescan; Quantel Medical, Cournon-d'auvergne, France) was used for the measurement of ocular axis length. Then, two drops of oxybuprocaine hydrochloride (Santen Pharmaceutical, Osaka, Japan) were administered, with one drop each time before measurement. Topical anesthetic (Santen Pharmaceutical) was administered before measuring ocular length. The anterior chamber propagation velocity was 1557 m/s, the lens propagation velocity was 1723 m/s, and the vitreous propagation velocity was 1540 m/s. A total of 10 readings were averaged to serve as the final one, as described previously.22 (link)
3
Measuring Refractive Error and Ocular Axial Length in Guinea Pigs
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Refractive error in each group was measured after 4- and 6-week myopic induction. Before an examination, 10 mg/mL of cyclopentolate hydrochloride eye drops (Alcon, Geneva, Switzerland) were administered into the conjunctival sac of the guinea pigs three times and one drop each time. Then refractive examinations were performed 30 ~ 45 min after the last drop. Each eye was measured at least six times, and the average was regarded as the final experimental result.
Next, we used Quantel Medical measurement (Cournon-d’auvergne, France) to measure the ocular axial length of the guinea pigs. First, one drop of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride (Benoxicam, Japan) was used before measurement. Then ocular axial length was measured. The propagation velocity of the anterior chamber was 1557 m/s, the propagation velocity of the lens was 1723 m/s, and that of the vitreous was 1540 m/s.17 [17 (link)] A total of 10 readings were averaged as the final readings.
Next, we used Quantel Medical measurement (Cournon-d’auvergne, France) to measure the ocular axial length of the guinea pigs. First, one drop of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride (Benoxicam, Japan) was used before measurement. Then ocular axial length was measured. The propagation velocity of the anterior chamber was 1557 m/s, the propagation velocity of the lens was 1723 m/s, and that of the vitreous was 1540 m/s.17 [17 (link)] A total of 10 readings were averaged as the final readings.
4
Axial Length and Refraction Measurement
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Axial length (AXL) and refraction were measured at baseline (4 weeks of age) and after six weeks of treatment (10 weeks of age). Measurements were taken at the same time of day. Refraction was measured in awake animals in a seated posture. After treatment with 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride eye drops (Cyclogyl, Alcon, Belgium), spherical equivalent refraction was measured under YZ24 streak retinoscope (6 6 Vision Tech Co., Ltd, Soochow, China). AXL was measured in anesthetized guinea pigs (1.5–2% isoflurane in oxygen) using A-scan ultrasonography (20 MHz). The device was programmed to average the values of 8 acceptable measurements and produce an average reading each time, 5 readings were recorded for each eye and averaged.
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