A set of 5 UV-VIS and NIR spectrometers were used for spectral data acquisition. Three UV-VIS spectrometers SPARK-VIS (Ocean Optics) FLAME-S (Ocean Optics) and QEPRO (Ocean Optics) were used to gather data in the visible spectrum. SPARK-VIS had a spectral range of 380–700 nm, FLAME-S had a range of 350–1000 nm and the QEPRO operated in the 400–1150 nm band. The QEPRO had superior performance characteristics as compared to SPARK-VIS and FLAME-S with respect to the signal to noise ratio. Two NIR spectrometers were used in the study with varying wavelength ranges. FLAME-NIR (Ocean Optics) and NIRQUEST (Ocean Optics) spectrometers had wavelength ranges from 950–1650 nm and 900–2100 nm, respectively. The NIRQUEST had a superior performance and a better signal to noise ratio. Spectrometers used in this study had a very good signal to noise ratio and low dark counts. We validated all the spectra obtained from various produce groups with previously published results and found a good match with all the spectral features. The justification of using several spectrometers was to evaluate the performance in a field setting so that the best data could be selected for analysis.
Qe pro
Manufactured by OceanOptics
Sourced in United States
The QE Pro is a high-performance spectrometer designed for laboratory applications. It features a compact and rugged design, with a high-sensitivity detector and advanced optical components to provide accurate and reliable spectral measurements across a wide range of wavelengths.
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Lab products found in correlation
Nir quest, by OceanOptics (3 mentions)
Infinity3 1, by OceanOptics (2 mentions)
Bx51 microscope, by Olympus (2 mentions)
Nanodrop 2000, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Flame s, by OceanOptics (1 mentions)
Uv vis spectrometer, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Jemcxii, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Hl 2000 hp, by OceanOptics (1 mentions)
Cerna, by Thorlabs (1 mentions)
Lambda 950, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
D8 advance, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Su 70, by Hitachi (1 mentions)
Thms600e, by Linkam (1 mentions)
Eos 70d, by Canon (1 mentions)
Dg4062, by Rigol (1 mentions)
Ultima 4, by Rigaku (1 mentions)
Zetasizer zs90, by Malvern Panalytical (1 mentions)
1200 ex 2, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Picoharp 300, by PicoQuant (1 mentions)
Hl 2000, by OceanOptics (1 mentions)
58 protocols using qe pro
1
Multimodal Spectral Profiling for Research
2
Characterization of Plasmonic Au Nanoparticles
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SERS spectra were
collected using a portable Raman spectrometer (QE Pro, Ocean Optics,
USA) equipped with a 785 nm laser. The laser exposure time was set
at 15 s, and the laser power was set at 300 mW (power density: 153
mw/mm2). Optical absorption spectra of Au NPs were collected
using a Shimadzu 2600 ultraviolet–visible light (UV–vis)
spectrometer (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan) at 25 °C. The uniformity
and morphology were observed with a transmission electron microscope
(TEM; JEM-CXII, JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) at 100 kV acceleration voltage.
collected using a portable Raman spectrometer (QE Pro, Ocean Optics,
USA) equipped with a 785 nm laser. The laser exposure time was set
at 15 s, and the laser power was set at 300 mW (power density: 153
mw/mm2). Optical absorption spectra of Au NPs were collected
using a Shimadzu 2600 ultraviolet–visible light (UV–vis)
spectrometer (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan) at 25 °C. The uniformity
and morphology were observed with a transmission electron microscope
(TEM; JEM-CXII, JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) at 100 kV acceleration voltage.
3
Broadband Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy Setup
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The DRS equipment used in this study, illustrated in Figure 1 , consisted of a broadband light source (HL-2000-HP, Ocean Optics, Edinburgh, United Kingdom) with emission ranging from 350 nm to 2400 nm, a quadrifurcated fiber optic probe with source-to-detector distance (SDD) of 630 µm (BF46LS01 1-to-4 Fan-Out Bundle, Thorlabs, Munich, Germany), a trifurcated fiber optic probe with SDD of 2500 µm (Fibertech Optica, Anjou, Canada), a visible/near-infrared (NIR) wavelength spectrometer (QE-Pro, Ocean Optics, Edinburgh, UK) and a NIR/SWIR spectrometer (NIR-Quest, Ocean Optics, Edinburgh, UK). The fiber optic probes were made of low-OH silica in order to allow better transmission at the SWIR range. These probes were used for both illumination and collection of the reflected light to be detected by the spectrometers. The visible/NIR spectrometer collected light in the wavelength range between 350 nm and 1140 nm, while the NIR/SWIR spectrometer detects light from 1090 nm to 1920 nm. The overlapping region was used to merge the spectra into one broadband spectrum from 350 nm to 1920 nm. Once reflected light was detected by the spectrometers, the intensity readings were preprocessed in order to obtain the tissue DRS spectra according to Section 2.5 .
4
Characterization of UCNP Dispersions
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UCNP dispersions in ethanol were loaded in a 1 × 1 mm square borosilicate precision capillary (VitroCom, Mountain Lakes, NJ) and illuminated using an in-house built epi-luminescence microscope (Cerna, Thorlabs, Newton, NJ). The microscope was equipped with a multimode, 900 mW, 975 nm optical fiber-coupled laser diode (QFLD-970-1000M, QPhotonics, Ann Arbor, MI) and a 15× reflective objective (Thorlabs) and an optical spectrometer (QEpro, Ocean Optics). The dispersions absorbance at 975 nm was measured with a UV-Vis-NIR spectrometer (Lambda950, PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA) and used to normalize the luminescence spectra.
5
Plasmonic Nanoparticle Characterization by SERS
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SERS spectra were
collected using a portable Raman spectrometer (QE Pro, Ocean Optics,
USA), equipped with a 785 nm HeNe laser. All samples were analyzed
within the spectral range of 400–2000 cm–1, and the laser exposure time was set to 10 s for all samples. The
excitation wavelength was 785 nm, and laser power was set as 200 mW.
The uniformity and morphology of the synthesized NPs were examined
by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) at an accelerating voltage
of 100 kV (JEM-CXII). Optical absorption spectra were acquired using
a Shimadzu 2600 ultraviolet–visible light (UV–vis) spectrometer
at 25 °C.
collected using a portable Raman spectrometer (QE Pro, Ocean Optics,
USA), equipped with a 785 nm HeNe laser. All samples were analyzed
within the spectral range of 400–2000 cm–1, and the laser exposure time was set to 10 s for all samples. The
excitation wavelength was 785 nm, and laser power was set as 200 mW.
The uniformity and morphology of the synthesized NPs were examined
by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) at an accelerating voltage
of 100 kV (JEM-CXII). Optical absorption spectra were acquired using
a Shimadzu 2600 ultraviolet–visible light (UV–vis) spectrometer
at 25 °C.
6
Broadband NIRS for Hemodynamic Monitoring
7
Automated Raman Spectroscopy of Nanoconstructs
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The sample is placed on a motorized
stage (Prior Scientific H101), which is fully automated using an in-house
code written in Python. We used an Olympus BX51 microscope with a
long working distance ×100 NA 0.8 objective. A spectrally filtered
632.8 nm diode laser (Matchbox, Integrated Optics) with 100 μm/μm2 power on the sample and spectral line width of 0.1 pm is
used as the excitation pump. In SERS experiments, we filter laser
light with a pair of notch filters centered at 633 ± 2 nm (Thorlabs).
Inelastically scattered light from the nanoconstructs is coupled through
a tube lens into an Andor Shamrock i303 spectrograph and a Newton
EMCCD. For dark-field measurements, we used a halogen lamp to excite
our samples. Note that we keep the lamp on for around 30 min to stabilize
the lamp’s power before starting measurements. The reflected
light is collected through the same objective and split to an imaging
camera (Lumenera Infinity3–1) and a fiber-coupled spectrometer
(Ocean Optics QEPRO) for dark-field spectroscopy.
stage (Prior Scientific H101), which is fully automated using an in-house
code written in Python. We used an Olympus BX51 microscope with a
long working distance ×100 NA 0.8 objective. A spectrally filtered
632.8 nm diode laser (Matchbox, Integrated Optics) with 100 μm/μm2 power on the sample and spectral line width of 0.1 pm is
used as the excitation pump. In SERS experiments, we filter laser
light with a pair of notch filters centered at 633 ± 2 nm (Thorlabs).
Inelastically scattered light from the nanoconstructs is coupled through
a tube lens into an Andor Shamrock i303 spectrograph and a Newton
EMCCD. For dark-field measurements, we used a halogen lamp to excite
our samples. Note that we keep the lamp on for around 30 min to stabilize
the lamp’s power before starting measurements. The reflected
light is collected through the same objective and split to an imaging
camera (Lumenera Infinity3–1) and a fiber-coupled spectrometer
(Ocean Optics QEPRO) for dark-field spectroscopy.
8
Extinction Spectra Measurement Setup
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For large scale extinction spectra, a custom-built setup was used to simultaneously measure the visible (Ocean Optics QEPro from 300 nm to 1000 nm), near-infrared (Ocean Optics NIRQuest from 700 nm to 2000 nm), and mid-infrared (FTIR Interspec 402-X from 1700 nm to 20,000 nm) spectrum, using a thermal globar lamp source and ZnSe beam-splitters, and referenced to a clean gold mirror.
9
Comprehensive Characterization of Phosphor Composites
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Powder XRD patterns of the phosphors were obtained by an X-ray diffractometer (Bruker, D8 Advance) with Cu Kα as the radiation source (λ = 0.15406 nm). The surface morphology of the composite film was characterized by field-emission scanning electronic microscopy (Hitachi, SU70). PL, ML and TL spectra were collected by a charge-coupled device (CCD) fibre spectrophotometer (Ocean Optics, QE Pro). UV-light-induced or force-induced TL glow curves were recorded via a homemade measurement system driven by a LabVIEW-based programme. A light-filter-attached photomultiplier tube (PMT) detector (Hamamatsu Photonics, R928), a cooling/heating stage (Linkam Scientific Instruments, THMS600E) and a Hg lamp (18 W) as the light source were integrated into the measurement system.
10
Microscope-based SERS and Dark-field Spectroscopy
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All dark-field and SERS spectra
were measured in a microscope-based setup similar to one reported
previously.24 (link) Briefly, the sample was placed
on a motorized stage (Prior Scientific H101) which is fully automated
using an in-house code written in Python. We used an Olympus BX51
microscope with a long working distance ×100 NA 0.8 objective
(high NA is essential to excite (10) modes). A spectrally filtered
632.8 nm diode laser (Matchbox, Integrated Optics) with output power
of around 70 mW and spectral line width of 0.1 pm is used as the excitation
pump. In SERS experiments, we filter laser light with a pair of notch
filters centered at 633 ± 2 nm (Thorlabs). Inelastically scattered
light from the nanoconstructs was coupled through a tube lens into
an Andor Shamrock i303 spectrograph and a Newton EMCCD. For dark-field
measurements, we used a halogen lamp to excite our samples. We note
that we leave around 30 min to stabilize the lamp’s power before
starting measurements. The reflected light was collected through the
same objective and splitoff to an imaging camera (Lumenera Infinity3-1)
and a fiber-coupled spectrometer (Ocean Optics QEPRO) for dark-field
spectroscopy.
were measured in a microscope-based setup similar to one reported
previously.24 (link) Briefly, the sample was placed
on a motorized stage (Prior Scientific H101) which is fully automated
using an in-house code written in Python. We used an Olympus BX51
microscope with a long working distance ×100 NA 0.8 objective
(high NA is essential to excite (10) modes). A spectrally filtered
632.8 nm diode laser (Matchbox, Integrated Optics) with output power
of around 70 mW and spectral line width of 0.1 pm is used as the excitation
pump. In SERS experiments, we filter laser light with a pair of notch
filters centered at 633 ± 2 nm (Thorlabs). Inelastically scattered
light from the nanoconstructs was coupled through a tube lens into
an Andor Shamrock i303 spectrograph and a Newton EMCCD. For dark-field
measurements, we used a halogen lamp to excite our samples. We note
that we leave around 30 min to stabilize the lamp’s power before
starting measurements. The reflected light was collected through the
same objective and splitoff to an imaging camera (Lumenera Infinity3-1)
and a fiber-coupled spectrometer (Ocean Optics QEPRO) for dark-field
spectroscopy.
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