Leupeptin hydrochoride

Calcium ionophore (A23187), benzamidine hydrochloride, N-acetyl-Leu-Glu-His-Asp trifluoro methylcoumarin (AC-LEHD-FMC), acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin (AC-DEVD-AMC), sodium orthovanadate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled annexin V, 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate acetylester (CM-H2DCFDA), CHAPS, rhodamine 123, leupeptin hydrochoride, N-(2-Hydroxyethyl) piperazine-N′-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), fura-2/AM, monoclonal anti-phosphotyrosine antibody, acridine orange 10-nonyl bromide (NAO) and dithiothreitol (DTT) were from Sigma Chemicals, St. Louis (USA). Monoclonal anti-cytochrome c antibody and anti-β-actin were from Epitomics Burlingame, CA (USA). Anti-Caspase-3 antibody was from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. Texas (USA). Collagen type-I was from Chrono-log Corporation, Pennsylvania (USA). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhdrazyl (DPPH) were from HiMedia Laboratories, Mumbai (India). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) kit was from AGAPPE diagnostics Ltd., Kerala (India). γ-glutamyl p-nitroanilide and glycylglycine were from Sisco Research laboratories Pvt Ltd., Mumbai (India). All other reagents were of analytical grade.

Calcium ionophore (A23187), NAC, NACA, leupeptin hydrochoride, 10-nonyl acridine orange (NAO), dicumarol [3,3´-Methylene-bis(4-hydroxy-coumarin)], Mito-TEMPO, epinephrine, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), monoclonal phosphotyrosine antibody (clone PT-66), dithiotritol, and all fluorescent dyes required to determine platelet apoptosis were from Sigma Chemicals, USA. Cyt. c antibody was from Epitomics, USA. z-DEVD-fmk, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Caspase-8, Bad, Bax, Bcl-2 and tBid antibodies were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. USA. COX IV, β-Tubulin, phospho-eIF2α (ser51), eIF2α, phospho-JNK 1/2 (Thr183/Tyr185) and JNK 1/2 antibodies were from Cell Signaling and Technologies, Inc. USA. Collagen type-I was from Chrono-log Corporation, USA. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was from HiMedia Laboratories, India. Lactate Dehydrogenase kit was from Agappe diagnostics Ltd., India. Methotrexate was from Sisco Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., India. All other reagents were of analytical grade.