Niacinamide (NIA), k-C RG, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), jojoba oil, tween 80, oleic acid, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) powder, k-carrageenan, chloroform, jojoba oil, trypsin, and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (Alabaster, AL, USA). l -α-phosphatidylcholine (EPC) was purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL, USA). Ethanol absolute (≥99.8%) and methanol (≥99.8% HPLC grade) were obtained from Fisher Chemical (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Loughborough, UK). Double-deionized water was provided by an ultra-pure water system (Arium Pro, Sartorius AG, Gottingen, Germany). The porcine ears were acquired in a local slaughterhouse (Porto, Portugal). Reagents were weighted in a digital analytical balance Kern ACJ/ACS 80-4 (Kern & Sohn; Balingen, Germany). The pH measurements were achieved using a Crison pH meter GLP 22 with a Crison 52-02 tip (Crison; Barcelona, Spain).
Ph meter glp 22
Manufactured by Crison
Sourced in Spain
The PH meter GLP 22 is a laboratory instrument used to measure the pH value of a solution. It provides accurate and precise pH measurements with a digital display. The device features automatic temperature compensation and calibration functions.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Arium pro, by Sartorius (2 mentions)
52 02 tip, by Crison (2 mentions)
Niacinamide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Absolute ethanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Jojoba oil, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Methanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
K c rg, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
κ carrageenan, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acj acs 80 4, by Kern & Sohn (1 mentions)
Chloroform, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Oleic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Trypsin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Polyvinylpyrrolidone, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tween 80, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
L α phosphatidylcholine, by Avanti Polar Lipids (1 mentions)
Fucoidan, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Quercetin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
11 protocols using ph meter glp 22
1
Porcine Ear Topical Formulation Development
2
Fucoidan-Chitosan Hydrogel Optimization
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Fucoidan (from Fucus vesiculosus, molecular weight (MW) 50–190 kDa, pKa 1.0–2.5), chitosan (MW 190–310 kDa, pKa 6.5), quercetin, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and sodium chloride were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Acetic glacial acid was obtained from VWR (Radnor, PA, USA). Double-deionized water was provided by a double-deionized water system (Arium Pro, Sartorius AG, Göttingen, Germany). The pH measurements were achieved using a Crison pH meter GLP 22 with a Crison 52-02 tip (Crison, Barcelona, Spain).
3
Sulfated Polysaccharide Hydrogels with Essential Oils
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For hydrogel preparation, and based on different percentage combinations of both polymers, 1% (w/v) sodium alginate and 2% (w/v) fucoidan were simultaneously dissolved in double-deionized water, as a way to obtain a higher amount of the sulfated polysaccharide in the matrix and to have a concentration of the carboxylated polysaccharide able to achieve gelation. After complete dissolution, 1% (w/v) of each essential oil was used to enrich the hydrogels, using 5 min vortex to facilitate its incorporation in the matrix. In calcein-loaded hydrogels, 1% (w/w) of calcein was also added to the hydrogel blend in the dissolution step. After each hydrogel preparation, the final pH was measured with a Crison pH meter GLP 22 with a Crison 52-02 tip (Crison; Barcelona, Spain).
4
Characterization of Soluplus-Pluronic Micelles
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Micelles were formed by dispersing Soluplus and Pluronic P103 in different concentrations (0.1%, 0.01%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% w/v) in 0.9% NaCl. Also, Soluplus and Pluronic P103 at 10% (w/v) were prepared in pH 6.4 buffer and 0.9% NaCl aq solution. They were kept under magnetic stirring for 12 h. Micelles containing natamycin (0.4 mg drug/mL dispersion) were prepared to compare with unloaded micelles.
Size, zeta potential, and polydispersion index (PDI) were measured using Zetasizer® 3000HS (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK). The pH was recorded using pH meter GLP22 (Crison Instruments, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain). Micelle stability against dilution was recorded for dispersions of Pluronic P103 containing natamycin, which were poured into quartz cells that contained either 0.9% NaCl or pH 6.4 buffer for a sudden 30-fold or 60-fold dilution. The absorbance was recorded at 304 nm every 30 s for 30 min (UV-Vis spectrophotometer Agilent 8453, Waldbronn, Germany). All experiments were carried out in triplicate.
Size, zeta potential, and polydispersion index (PDI) were measured using Zetasizer® 3000HS (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK). The pH was recorded using pH meter GLP22 (Crison Instruments, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain). Micelle stability against dilution was recorded for dispersions of Pluronic P103 containing natamycin, which were poured into quartz cells that contained either 0.9% NaCl or pH 6.4 buffer for a sudden 30-fold or 60-fold dilution. The absorbance was recorded at 304 nm every 30 s for 30 min (UV-Vis spectrophotometer Agilent 8453, Waldbronn, Germany). All experiments were carried out in triplicate.
5
Physicochemical Analysis of Fermented Food
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On each sample, pH and aW were determined using pH-meter GLP 22 (Crison Instruments SA, Barcelona, Spain) and Aqualab CX3 (Decagon, Pullman, Washington, USA). Physicochemical parameters were evaluated during processing and storage: immediately after the stuffing phase, at the end of ripening (after 20 days), and at every time point (T0, T30, T60, T90 and T120) during the shelf-life study.
6
Physicochemical Characterization of Ocular Formulations
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pH (PH meter GLP22, Crison) was determined with a resolution of 0.01 units. Regarding viscosity, an Ostwald viscosimeter (Comecta serie 100) was used, and data were presented as relative viscosity compared to water, with a value of 1.
Osmolarity was not evaluated because the different formulae used in this study did not have the osmolarity adjusted to physiological osmolarity. As is usual in ocular preparations, all the formulae have been made from an isotonic vehicle (in this case, saline or BSS) and are therefore slightly hypertonic.
Osmolarity was not evaluated because the different formulae used in this study did not have the osmolarity adjusted to physiological osmolarity. As is usual in ocular preparations, all the formulae have been made from an isotonic vehicle (in this case, saline or BSS) and are therefore slightly hypertonic.
7
Electrochemical Characterization of Modified Electrodes
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Cyclic voltammetric (CV) measurements were carried out using a µSTAT 200 from Dropsens (Oviedo, Spain) using Dropview (Dropsens) software for data acquisition and control of the experiments. A three electrode configuration was used to perform the CV measurements for modification and characterization of the electrodes: a commercial platinum counter electrode (Model 52-67, Crison Instruments, Barcelona, Spain), a reference double junction Ag/AgCl electrode (Thermo Orion 900200, Beverly, MA, USA) and the modified GEC as the working electrode.
Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetric (DPASV) measurements were performed in an Autolab System PGSTAT 30 (EcoChemie, The Netherlands), in a multichannel configuration, using GPES Multichannel 4.7 software package (EcoChemie). The voltammetric cell was formed by the two working graphite epoxy electrodes (GECs) modified with 4-carboxybenzo-18-crown-6 (CB-18-crown-6) and 4-carboxybenzo-15crown-5 (CB-15-crown-5) respectively, a commercial platinum counter electrode and a double junction Ag/AgCl reference electrode.
A pH meter GLP 22 (Crison Instruments, Barcelona, Spain) was used for pH measurements.
All measurements were carried out at room temperature (20 °C).
Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetric (DPASV) measurements were performed in an Autolab System PGSTAT 30 (EcoChemie, The Netherlands), in a multichannel configuration, using GPES Multichannel 4.7 software package (EcoChemie). The voltammetric cell was formed by the two working graphite epoxy electrodes (GECs) modified with 4-carboxybenzo-18-crown-6 (CB-18-crown-6) and 4-carboxybenzo-15crown-5 (CB-15-crown-5) respectively, a commercial platinum counter electrode and a double junction Ag/AgCl reference electrode.
A pH meter GLP 22 (Crison Instruments, Barcelona, Spain) was used for pH measurements.
All measurements were carried out at room temperature (20 °C).
8
Wastewater Characterization for Lab and Pilot-Scale
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Wastewater used at lab experiments was sampled from the effluent of VNG-WWTP. It was collected from the effluent of the secondary clarifier. On the other hand, the sidestream used at pilot-scale was collected from Murcia ESTE WWTP. The composition of each sample was characterized measuring pH, conductivity, TSS and dissolved ions. pH and conductivity were measured with Crison pH meter GLP 22 and Crison EC-Meter GLP 31, respectively. Total suspended solids were measured according to the procedures described in the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater [24 ]. Analysis of cations such as Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ was carried out by means of cationic chromatograph Thermo Fisher Dionex ICS-1000. Analysis of anions such as anions Cl−, NO3−, PO43− and SO42− was carried out by means of a chromatograph Thermo Fisher Dionex ICS-1100.
9
Physicochemical Characterization of Food
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On each sample, pH and aw were determined using pH meter GLP 22 (Crison Instruments SA, Barcelona, Spain) and Aqualab CX3 (Decagon, Pullman, Washington, USA). Moisture, fat and protein (expressed as %) were determined by the FoodScanLab (FOSS, Analytic, Hillerød, Denmark) using the Near-Infrared Transmittance (NIT) technology and a previously set calibration curve. Analyzes were performed in triplicate on a homogenized sample representative of the product.
10
Microbial Profile of Dry and Wet Aged Meat
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Microbial profile of the meat cuts submitted to dry and wet aging was determined by sampling the whole surface with a hydrated sponge (pre-moistened with 10 mL Buffered Peptone Water Broth, 3 M Health Care, Milan, Italy).
Internal parts microbial profile. From each loin, 10 g of meat was aseptically sampled. As regard meat cuts submitted to dry aging, the most superficial layer of the surface, about 3 mm thick, was removed before sampling using sterile scalpel and forceps. For both surface and internal microbial profile, the same microbial groups/microorganisms considered for carcasses were evaluated.
Water activity and pH. For samples collected from the internal parts of the loins, pH was determined with pH-meter GLP 22 (Crison Instruments SA, Barcelona, Spain). Moreover, water activity (aw) analysis was conducted at +25°C, using an Aqualab CX3 (Decagon, Pullman, Washington, USA).
Internal parts microbial profile. From each loin, 10 g of meat was aseptically sampled. As regard meat cuts submitted to dry aging, the most superficial layer of the surface, about 3 mm thick, was removed before sampling using sterile scalpel and forceps. For both surface and internal microbial profile, the same microbial groups/microorganisms considered for carcasses were evaluated.
Water activity and pH. For samples collected from the internal parts of the loins, pH was determined with pH-meter GLP 22 (Crison Instruments SA, Barcelona, Spain). Moreover, water activity (aw) analysis was conducted at +25°C, using an Aqualab CX3 (Decagon, Pullman, Washington, USA).
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