Horseradish peroxidase conjugated goat anti mouse and anti rabbit antibodies

Ascorbic acid, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Tween-20, thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), FeSO₄, salicylic acid, H₂O₂ (for hydroxyl radical scavenging), Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, sodium carbonate (for total phenolics), aluminum chloride, potassium acetate (for total flavonoids), quercetin, and mushroom tyrosinase were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other chemicals and reagents were of high-quality grade and were commercially available. Antibodies against tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, MITF, PKA, and CREB were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Phospho-PKA and phospho-CREB antibodies were provided by Cell Signaling (Danvers, MA, USA). α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), sodium nitrite, and an antibody against β-actin were obtained from Sigma Aldrich. Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-rabbit and anti-mouse antibodies were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA).

Quercetin, tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1, 128 kDa), and l-DOPA were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Stock solutions of tyrosinase and l-DOPA (5.0 × 10⁻³ mol L⁻¹) were dissolved in 0.05 mol L⁻¹ sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.8. Oleyl bromide, Na₂CO₃, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Arbutin was purchased from TCI (Tokyo, Japan), and PTU and Quercetin were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. PTU is a well-known tyrosinase inhibitor that is routinely used to inhibit pigment production in zebrafish. All other chemicals and reagents were of molecular biology grade and were commercially available. Antibodies against tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, MITF, PKA, p-PKA, CREB, and p-CREB were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). p-PKA and p-CREB antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). α-MSH, DMSO, sodium nitrite, and an antibody against β-actin were obtained from Sigma Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, USA). Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-rabbit and anti-mouse antibodies were obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA).

Antibody against E6AP was obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SantaCruz, CA, USA). PAI-1 antibody was purchased from BD Bioscience (San Jose, CA, USA). Phospho-JNK1/2, phospho-ERK, phospho-p38, phospho-Smad3, phospho-c-Jun, and phospho-c-Fos antibodies were procured from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-mouse and anti-rabbit antibodies were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). α-SMA, and β-actin antibodies, Z-Leu-Leu-Leu-al (MG132), chloroquine, and actinomycin-D were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). TGF-β was provided from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA).