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13 protocols using acetic acid hac

1

Assay for Ribonuclease Activity

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RNase A, type XII-A, and yeast RNA were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Milan, Italy) and Boheringer (Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany), respectively. Acetic acid (HAc) and divinyl sulfone (DVS) were from Merck-Sigma. The cDNA of wt-ANG was kindly provided by Prof. E. Pizzo (The University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy). The fluorescent substrate 6-FAM (6-carboxyfluorescein)-tetranucleotide-BHQ®-1 (Black Hole Quencher-1), i.e., 6-FAM-dArU(dA)2-BHQ-1 was from Biomers.net, Ulm, Germany.
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2

Synthesis of Aromatic Polyimide Precursors

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We purchased 6FDA and DMB from Beijing Multi Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China) The 6FDA was purified through sublimation before use. N,N′-Dimethylacetamide (DMAc, AR) purchased from Beijing Chemical Works (Beijing, China) was dried over P2O5 and used as the solvent for polycondensation. N,N′-Dimethylformamide (DMF, HPLC) was purchased from Tedia Co., Ltd. (Fairfield, CT, USA). Anhydrous lithium bromide (LiBr, 99.99%) supplied by Alfa Aesar was dried at 130 °C for 8 h under vacuum before use. Acetic acid (HAc, 99.7%) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China).
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3

Protein Modification and Silica Capillary Preparation

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Bovine pancreas TPCK-treated trypsin, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG, MW=10 000), urea, tetramethoxysilane (TMOS), vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS), ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3), ammonium formate, ammonium acetate, dithiothreitol (DTT), iodoacetamide (IAA), 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt, 2,2′-azobis(2-isobutyronitrile) (AIBN), and acetic acid (HAc) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Formic acid (FA) was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA). Methanol was purchased from Honeywell Burdick & Jackson (Wicklow, Ireland). Uncoated and LPA-coated fused silica capillaries (50 μm i.d.×150 μm o.d.) were purchased from Polymicro Technologies (Phoenix, AZ). Water was deionized by a Nano Pure system from Thermo Scientific (Marietta, OH).
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4

Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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PbI2 and CH3NH3I were purchased from Xi'an Polymer Light Technology Corp. Acetic acid (HAc, purity > 99.99%) and chlorobenzene (CB) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. PCBM was purchased from Nano-C. The precursor solution of CH3NH3PbI3 was composed of PbI2 and CH3NH3I with a molar ratio of 1 : 1 and was stirred in a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and γ-butyrolactone (GBL) (3/7, v/v) at 60 °C overnight. Phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) was dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene with a concentration of 20 mg ml−1.
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5

Fabrication of Crosslinked Silica Hydrogels

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BSA, bovine pancreas TPCK-treated trypsin, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG, MW=10,000), urea, ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3), dithiothreitol (DTT), iodoacetamide (IAA), tetramethoxysilane (TMOS), vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS), 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt, 2,2’-azobis(2-isobutyronitrile) (AIBN), acetic acid (HAc) and angiotensin II (human, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Formic acid (FA) was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA). Methanol was purchased from Honeywell Burdick & Jackson (Wicklow, Ireland). Water was deionized by a Nano Pure system from Thermo Scientific (Marietta, OH). Fused capillaries were purchased from Polymicro Technologies (Phoenix, AZ).
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6

Quantitative Determination of Analytes

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LC/MS grade water was purchased from VWR (Darmstadt, Germany), methanol (MeOH) from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany) and acetic acid (HAc, $99.7%) from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). Native and isotope-substituted internal standards (Table S5 †) were purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals Inc., (North York, Canada) and Sigma-Aldrich. Stock solutions (c ¼ 1 g L À1 in MeOH) were used to prepare two working solutions, one containing internal standards (c ¼ 10 mg L À1 in MeOH) and a second containing native standards (c ¼ 0.94-2.4 mg L À1 in MeOH, depending on the expected environmental concentrations of each compound). Working solution two was used to prepare calibration standards with LC/ MS grade water (for concentration ranges see Table S6 †).
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7

Fabrication of Photocurable Hydrogel Scaffolds

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All agents were obtained commercially as follows: Acrylamide (AM, purity 99%,Aladdin Chemical Co., Ltd.), 2-hydroxy-4′-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone (I-2959, purity 98%, Sigma-Aldrich), tannic acid (TA, Mr = 1701.2, Aladdin Chemical Co., Ltd.), gelatin (~ 250 g Bloom, Aladdin Chemical Co., Ltd.), BP (purity 99%, Aladdin Chemical Co., Ltd.), CS (DD = 90%, Shanghai Yuanye Biology), silver nitrate (AgNO3, purity 99%, SCRC), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, purity 99%, Aladdin Chemical Co., Ltd.), acetic acid (HAc, purity 99%, Merck), acetone (purity 99%, SCRC), and ethanol (EtOH, purity 99%, SCRC). The planar PVC was purchased from a Shanghai commodity store. All chemicals were used without further purification. Deionized water (Milli-Q system) was used throughout the experiments.
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8

Ibrutinib-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles

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Ibrutinib active ingredient was provided by TOBIO pharmaceuticals. Chitosan (medium molecular weight, and degree of deacetylation ≥85%) and sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP, technical grade 85%) were supplied from Sigma-Aldrich. Graphitized carbon nanofibers (200–600 nm outside diameter, 5–50 mm length) were supplied by Grafen Chemical Industries Co. Sulphuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), methanol (MeOH), and acetic acid (HAc) were of analytical grade and obtained from Merck.
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9

Protein Adsorption on Membrane Surfaces

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ACN and acetic acid (HAc) were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). IAA, urea, NH4HCO3, DTT and TFA were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA). Trypsin was of sequence-grade from Roche Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland). Ultrapure water was produced by a Milli-Q+ system, Millipore Corp. (MA, USA). Electron track etched polycarbonate filter membranes with a diameter of 13 mm and a pore size of 0.22 μm was obtained from Millipore SAS (Molsheim, Alsace, France) and used as a model surfaces for protein adsorption.
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10

Comprehensive Peptide Extraction and Analysis

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Venusil HILIC sorbent and C18 reverse-phase medium were purchased from Agela Technologies (Tianjin, China). Zwitterionic HILIC (Zic-HILIC) was purchased from Fresh Bioscience (Shanghai, China). The C8 extraction disks were purchased from 3M Empore (St. Paul, MN, USA). Sequencing grade trypsin (A) was obtained from Promega (Madison, WI, USA). Sequencing grade trypsin (B) and Lys-C were obtained from Enzyme & Spectrum (Beijing, China). Dithiothreitol (DTT), iodoacetamide (IAA), formic acid (FA), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), Tris base and urea were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Acetonitrile (ACN) and acetic acid (HAc) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). The quantitative Bradford protein assay kit and colorimetric peptide assay kit were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). All other chemicals and reagents of the best available grade were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) or Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA).
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