Data acquisitions were performed using single-source DECT in gemstone spectral imaging (GSI) mode with a fast tube voltage switching between 80 and 140 kVp (Revolution CT, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States). Intravenous non-ionic contrast was given at 1.0 mL/kg. Routine soft tissue and bone windows were read. Standard multiplanar reconstructions and panoramic reconstructions were made. In addition, two types of images were obtained from the reconstruction of DECT imaging automatically with GSI viewer software (GE Healthcare) for each patient: The iodine-based and water-based material decomposition (MD) images (Figure 1 ).
Gsi viewer software
Manufactured by GE Healthcare
Sourced in United States
GSI viewer software is a tool for visualization and analysis of medical images. It provides a platform for healthcare professionals to view and interpret diagnostic images, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans. The software offers basic image manipulation and measurement capabilities to assist in the assessment of medical conditions.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
4 protocols using gsi viewer software
1
Dual-Energy CT Imaging for Gemstone Spectral Analysis
2
Image Reconstruction Techniques
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The raw data were reconstructed at 0.625 mm section thickness using 80% ASIR-V (IR 80% + FBP 20%) and DLIR algorithm at three selectable strength levels (low, DLIR-L; medium, DLIR-M; high, DLIR-H) graded by noise reduction capability. All reconstructions used standard kernel. All reconstructed images were processed into VMI at 50 keV using GSI Viewer software (Advantage Workstation, version 4.7, GE Healthcare).
3
Dual-Energy CT Imaging Protocol
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All patients underwent CT examinations (non-enhanced and dual-phasic contrast-enhanced scans) on a Discovery CT750HD scanner (GE Healthcare, WI). The non-enhanced scanning was performed first with the conventional helical mode at a tube voltage of 120kVp; tube current, 180mA; helical pitch, 1.375. A 80–100ml (1.35 ml/kg of body weight) nonionic iodinated contrast material (Iopamidol, 370 mg/ml; Shanghai Bracco Sine Phamaceutical Co. Ltd., China) was administrated at a rate of 4.0ml/s by using a power injector, and the dual-phasic enhancement scan delay times were 35 seconds at AP and 90 seconds at VP after the beginning of contrast medium injection. The contrast-enhanced scans were carried out with the dual energy spectral CT mode with fast tube voltage switching between 80kVp and 140kVp on adjacent views during a single rotation. The other DECT parameters were the following: tube rotation time, 0.6 seconds; tube current, 600mA; helical pitch, 1.375; field of view, 500mm; collimation, 40mm; and slice thickness and interval for axial images, 5mm/5mm. Two types of images were obtained from the reconstruction of DECT imaging automatically with GSI viewer software (GE Healthcare) for each patient: the iodine-based and water-based material decomposition images and a set of monochromatic images at energies ranging from 40 to 140keV.
4
Imaging Analysis of Gastric Tumors
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All data were transferred to GE AW 4.6 workstation (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA), and interpreted by two radiologists with 6 and 10 years of experience in gastrointestinal radiology. Data analysis was carried out independently using GSI Viewer software (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA) with a standard soft-tissue window (WL 40 and WW 400). Regions of interest (ROI) were drawn on the solid part of the tumor (about two-thirds of the area), with the exclusion of peripheral fat, visible vessel, calcification and cystic/necrotic areas. A circular ROI was placed into the aortic arch within the same CT slice, after the exclusion of calcified atherosclerotic plaque. Subsequently, the thickness of tumour was measured and recorded. In order to reduce the individual variation between patients, IC value was normalized by dividing the IC of lesion to that of aorta (nIC=IClesion/ICaorta) [12 (link)]. All IC values were repeatedly measured three times, and the average value was then calculated. Similarly, ROI of the three gastric regions (fundus, body and antrum) was measured for three times, and their average values were calculated.
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