Bu4npf6

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Bu4NPF6 is a chemical compound commonly used as a supporting electrolyte in electrochemical experiments. It serves to improve the conductivity of the solution and facilitate the flow of electric current during these experiments. The compound's core function is to enable and enhance the performance of electrochemical measurements and analyses.

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Lab products found in correlation

9 protocols using bu4npf6

Cyclic Voltammetry in Acetonitrile

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Cyclic voltammograms were recorded
with a Metrohm Autolab potentiostat (PGSTAT 204) with a conventional
three-electrode configuration consisting of a glassy carbon working
electrode, a platinum auxiliary electrode, and a coiled silver wire
as a pseudo reference electrode. The (decamethyl)ferrocene/(decamethyl)ferrocenium
couple was used as internal reference. All measurements were performed
at room temperature with a scan rate between 25 and 1000 mV s^–1. The experiments were carried out in absolute acetonitrile
containing 0.1 M Bu₄NPF₆ (Sigma-Aldrich, ≥99.0%,
electrochemical grade) as the supporting electrolyte.

Bens T., Kübler J.A., Walter R.R., Beerhues J., Wenger O.S, & Sarkar B. (2023). Impact of Bidentate Pyridyl-Mesoionic Carbene Ligands: Structural, (Spectro)Electrochemical, Photophysical, and Theoretical Investigations on Ruthenium(II) Complexes. ACS Organic & Inorganic Au, 3(4), 184-198.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Perovskite Solar Cells

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Isophthalaldehyde and 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde were purchased from Acros Organics and 2,2′-bitiophene-5,5′-dicarboxaldehyde from TCI. In addition, 4,4′-Diformyltriphenylamine, thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2,5-dicarboxaldehyde, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), activated charcoal, KBr, Bu₄NPF₆ and solvents were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Merck, Rahway, NJ, USA). The materials used for perovskite solar cells were surfactant, fluorine doped tin oxide coated glass slides (FTOs, 7 Ω/sq, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), ethanol (EtOH, POCH), hydrochloric acid (HCl, CHEMPUR), tetraethyl orthotitanate ((C₂H₅O)₄Ti, Merck), paste Ti-Nanoxide T/SP (Solaronix), anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, Sigma-Aldrich), isopropanol (IPA, POCH), lead iodide (PbI₂, Sigma-Aldrich), methylammonium iodide (MAI, Solaronix) and chlorobenzene (C₆H₅Cl, POCH). Additionaly, 4-Tert-butyl pyridine (TBP) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li-TFSI) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck). Materials used for prototype OFET devices were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck) and Ossila. Furthermore, 2,5-Diamino-thiophene-3,4-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester (DAT) was synthesized according to publication [31 (link)].

Pająk A.K., Kotowicz S., Gnida P., Małecki J.G., Ciemięga A., Łuczak A., Jung J, & Schab-Balcerzak E. (2022). Synthesis and Characterization of New Conjugated Azomethines End-Capped with Amino-thiophene-3,4-dicarboxylic Acid Diethyl Ester. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(15), 8160.

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Electrochemical Characterization of MoS2

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The electrolyte solution for all the measurements presented consisted of 100 mM Bu₄NPF₆ (Sigma-Aldrich) in acetonitrile. After the electrolyte preparation, the desired amount of ferrocene (Sigma-Aldrich) was mixed to obtain the concentrations ranging from 1 nM to 100 mM used in our work.
The desired solution was then pipetted onto the fused silica chips containing the MoS₂ structures, which sat on an inverted microscope. The liquid was contained by a PDMS ring (~2 mm thick), which sealed onto the wafer. For the measurements with increasing ferrocene concentration, we started with the lowest concentration and increased it by pipetting away the lower concentration and flushing the liquid with the higher concentration solution. If a series of measurements were required, the samples were flushed in acetonitrile several times to remove any adsorbed ferrocene molecules.

Reynolds M.F., Guimarães M.H., Gao H., Kang K., Cortese A.J., Ralph D.C., Park J, & McEuen P.L. (2019). MoS2 pixel arrays for real-time photoluminescence imaging of redox molecules. Science Advances, 5(11), eaat9476.

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Synthesis and Purification of Chemicals

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All chemicals were purchased from commercial sources and used as received, except for N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), which was recrystallized from boiling water and then dried in vacuo before use. Syntheses requiring an inert atmosphere were performed using standard Schlenk techniques under Ar. Toluene and acetonitrile were purified via a Pure-Solv solvent purification system from Innovative Technologies, Inc. All deuterated solvents for NMR and ⁵⁷Fe metal were purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc. (Tewksbury, MA). The electrolyte (Bu₄N)PF₆ was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and recrystallized twice from ethanol prior to use.

Alvarado J.G., Cummins D.C., Diaconescu A., Siegler M.A, & Goldberg D.P. (2021). The Selective Monobromination of a Highly Sterically Encumbered Corrole: Structural and Spectroscopic Properties of Fe(Cl)(2-Bromo-5,10,15-tris(triphenyl)phenyl corrole). Journal of porphyrins and phthalocyanines, 25(10-12), 1176-1185.

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Electrochemical Characterization of Triarylamine Solutions

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Electrochemical measurements were performed with a three-electrode cell consisted of a glassy carbon working electrode (1.5 mm diameter), a counter electrode made of a Pt wire coil and an Ag/Ag+ reference electrode. The Ag/Ag⁺ reference electrode was obtained by introducing a silver wire in the reference compartment containing silver ions (AgNO₃, 0.01M) and tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP, 0.1 M) in acetonitrile. The measured redox potential were expressed vs ferrocene used herein as internal reference. The triarylamine solutions were prepared in dichloromethane solvent added with 0.1 M of tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (Bu₄NPF₆) as a supporting electrolyte (Sigma-Aldrich). The solutions were deoxygenated by argon bubbling prior to each experiment. Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) were performed with VSP potentiostat controlled by EC-Lab 10.02 software. Both potentiostat and software were purchased from Bio-Logic Instruments-France.

Vivas M.G., Silva D.L., Malinge J., Boujtita M., Zaleśny R., Bartkowiak W., Ågren H., Canuto S., De Boni L., Ishow E, & Mendonca C.R. (2014). Molecular Structure – Optical Property Relationships for a Series of Non-Centrosymmetric Two-photon Absorbing Push-Pull Triarylamine Molecules. Scientific Reports, 4, 4447.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Phenyl-Capped Tetraaniline

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Phenyl/phenyl-capped tetraaniline (TANI) was synthesized via a single-step condensation reaction following a previously reported route.^{56 (link)} CVD graphene was grown and wet transferred onto silicon wafers using polylactic acid as previously reported.^{57,58 (link)} vTANI crystallization was performed using a previously developed solvent infiltration method (Fig. 1b).^{37 (link)} Fundamental characterization of vTANI and graphene can be found in our previous work.^{37 (link)} EDOT, Bu₄NPF₆, acetonitrile, and P3HT were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. C₆₀-TBBP was synthesized using a previously reported method.^{51 (link)}

Xu B., Wu D., Hill I.M., Halim M., Rubin Y, & Wang Y. (2023). A new and versatile template towards vertically oriented nanopillars and nanotubes. Nanoscale Advances, 5(17), 4489-4498.

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Organic Semiconductors Synthesis and Analysis

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Dialdehydes, TFA, Pd/C, 3-nitro-1,8-naphthalic anhydride, hydrazine, hexylamine, benzylamine, 4-methylbenzylamine, 2-phenethylamine, triethylamine (99%), PVK, PBD, Bu₄NPF₆, NaOH, PPh₃, Pd(PPh₃)₂Cl₂ were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Merck). Trimethylsilylacetyle (98%) and 4-bromobenzaldehyde (99%) were purchased from Acros Organic. Solvents were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Merck) and Avantor S.A. PEDOT:PSS and glass with ITO surface were purchased from OSSILA.

Kotowicz S., Korzec M., Pająk A.K., Golba S., Małecki J.G., Siwy M., Grzelak J., Maćkowski S, & Schab-Balcerzak E. (2021). New Acceptor–Donor–Acceptor Systems Based on Bis-(Imino-1,8-Naphthalimide). Materials, 14(11), 2714.

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Electrochemical Analysis of Organometallic Complexes

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The electrochemical cell is composed of a platinum electrode with a Pt of 2 mm diameter as a working electrode, an Ag|Ag + electrode as a reference electrode and a platinum coil as an auxiliary electrode.
Measurements were conducted at room temperature at a potential scan rate of 50 mV/s and were calibrated against a ferrocene/ferrocenium redox couple. Electrochemical measurements were conducted with a CHI600B potentiostat device, in 1.0 mM concentration of all compounds with 0.1 M solutions of Bu4NPF6, 99% (Sigma Aldrich) added in dichloromethane (DCM) CHROMASOLV®, 99.9% (Sigma Aldrich).

Maggiore A., Qu Y., Guillot R., Pander P., Vasylieva M., Data P., Dias F.B., Audebert P., Clavier G, & Miomandre F. (2022). Novel Easy to Synthesize Benzonitrile Compounds with Mixed Carbazole and Phenoxazine Substituents Exhibiting Dual Emission and TADF Properties. The journal of physical chemistry. B, 126(14).

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Electrochemical Surface Modification Protocol

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Unless stated otherwise all chemicals were of analytical grade and used as received. Hydrogen peroxide (30 wt% in water), sulfuric acid (PuranalTM, 95-97%), ammonium fluoride (PuranalTM, 40 wt% in water), ammonium sulfite monohydrate (Sigma-Aldrich, (NH4)2SO3, 92%) used for wafer cleaning plus etching, and silicon modification procedures were obtained from Sigma Aldrich. Acetonitrile (ACN) and dichloromethane (DCM) were distilled before use. O-Dianisidine bis(diazotized) zinc double salt (Sigma Aldrich, 98%), bis-diazo hereafter, 1,4-phenylenediamine (Sigma Aldrich ≥ 99%), benzene-1,4-dithiol (Sigma Aldrich, 99%), potassium hydroxide (VWR, 86%) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were used as received. Tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (Bu4NPF6, Sigma-Aldrich, >99%), used as supporting electrolyte, was recrystallized twice from 2-propanol. Milli-Q TM water (>18 MΩ cm) was used for surface cleaning procedures and to prepare electrolytic solutions. Gold polycrystalline (rod like) electrodes were purchased from CH Instruments, USA. Gold single crystal electrodes (99.999%) were purchased from Goodfellow. Prime-grade, single-side polished silicon wafers were obtained from Siltronix, S.A.S. (Archamps, France) and were n-type (phosphorous doped), 500 ± 25 μm thick and either ⟨100⟩ ± 0.5° (with resistivity of 0.003 Ω cm), or ⟨111⟩ ± 0.5° (0.003 Ω cm).

Peiris C.R., Vogel Y.B., Le Brun A.P., Aragonès A.C., Coote M.L., Díez-Pérez I., Ciampi S, & Darwish N. (2019). Metal-Single-Molecule-Semiconductor Junctions Formed by a Radical Reaction Bridging Gold and Silicon Electrodes. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 141(37).

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