Kk ay tajcl

Specific pathogen-free (SPF) 7- or 50-week-old C57BL/6N and KK-Ay/TaJcl male mice were obtained from CLEA Japan Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). The mice were separately kept in cages in specific pathogen-free conditions at 23 ± 1 °C, with a 12 h light:12 h darkness schedule. The mice were housed with unlimited access to drinking water and a pelleted basal diet. On the final day of the study, the body weights were measured. Blood glucose levels were measured from the tail vein of each mouse. We defined diabetic as more than a 300 mg/dL blood glucose level. In order to eliminate factors affecting the experiment, each animal was kept under constant conditions, such as free access to the same food, minimization of stress load, and freedom of movement within the cage. This work was conducted in accordance with the recommendations of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of Suzuka University of Medical Science (approval number: 34). All dissections were performed under pentobarbital anesthesia. All efforts were made to minimize mouse suffering.

Male Wistar rats (Jcl:Wistar) and KKAy mice (KKAy/TaJcl) purchased from Clea Japan were housed under a 12-h/12-h light/dark cycle (lights on 0700 –1900 hours) with controlled room temperature (20–26 °C) and humidity (35–75%), and allowed free access to food (CE-2) and water. All animal care and experiments followed the guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals at the Chugai Pharmaceutical Co.