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37 protocols using nah2po4

1

Phosphate Buffer Synthesis and Application

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Na2HPO4 and NaH2PO4 were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Phosphate buffer (PBS, 0.1 M, pH 6.0–8.0) solution was prepared from stock solutions of Na2HPO4 and NaH2PO4. Dopamine (DA), gold (iii) tetrachloride trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O, 99%), sodium cholate, sodium citrate and molybdenum (iv) sulfide powder (<2 μm, 99%), were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Aqueous solutions were prepared with ultrapure water from Millipore system (>18 MΩ). All chemicals were directly used without further purification.
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2

Extraction and Analysis of Amygdalin from Peach Kernels

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Amygdalin (Purity > 97%), was purchased from Macklin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). β-glucosidase (≥4 U/mg) and acetonitrile (HPLC grade) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., (Tokyo, Japan). NaOH, HCl, Na2CO3, Na2HPO4, NaH2PO4, and CH3COONa were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). DMEM high glucose medium (4.5 g/L), DMEM-F12 medium, and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were purchased from Corning Incorporated. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from Gibco industries. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Solar Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Trypsin-EDTA Solution (0.25% trypsin) was purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Sodium alginate, KBr (FTIR grade > 99%), was purchased from Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Peach kernels were from ripened HuJing juicy peaches (Ningbo, China).
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3

Adipose Tissue Histological Analysis

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Each adipose block was kept in 10% neutral buffering formalin (formaldehyde, Na2HPO4 & NaH2PO4 were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent) for at least 48 h, embedded in paraffin and sectioned into 10 μm slices. Histological analysis was based on routine hematoxylin & eosin (H & E) or Masson trichrome staining. All parameters that pathologists used to evaluate and grade were indicated by scores of 0 (normal), 1 (slight or mild), 2 (moderate), 3 (moderate to severe or marked) and 4 (marked).
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4

Antioxidant and Anti-Melanogenic Assays

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Na2HPO4, NaH2PO4, TCA (trichloroacetic acid), FeCl3, FeSO4, ascorbic acid, pyrogallol, H2O2 were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS, α-MSH, L-DOPA and MTT were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA), PBS (Biological Industries, Beit-Haemek, Israel), Dulbecco’s Modifed Eagle Medium (DMEM) culture and fetal bovine serum (FBS; Gibco, NY, USA), and trypsin were obtained from Biological Industries, Israel. DMSO and Triton X-100 were obtained from MP Biomedicals and Amresco in USA, respectively. All the other reagents were of analytical grade. Ultrapure water was obtained from the Millipore system (Bedford, MA, USA).
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5

Electrochemical Sensing of Biomolecules

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β-d-(+)-glucose was purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) Hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O), Na2HPO4, NaH2PO4, formic acid, acetic acid, dopamine (DA), ascorbic acid (AA), and uric acid (UA) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) Polycaprolactone, and pyrrole were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) (99.5%) was obtained from Aladdin Industrial Co. (Shanghai, China). Iron (III) chloride anhydrous (98%) and ethanol were provided by Ruijie Chemical Reagent (Shanghai, China). All the chemicals were used as received without any further purification. All solutions were prepared with deionized (DI) water (18 MΩ cm). Phosphate buffer solution (PBS) was prepared with the solution of pH = 7.
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6

Synthesis and Characterization of CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots

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Na2HPO4, NaH2PO4, and HAuCl4·4H2O from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), NaCl from Aladdin Chemistry Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), and Trisodium citrate from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). CdSe/ZnS QDs from Beijing Beidajubang Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China), Tween 20 from Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), and D-penicillamine from Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The deionized water produced by Millipore DQ3UV (Millipore Company, MA, USA).
The absorption spectra and fluorescent spectra were measured by the spectrophotometer (QE65pro), the UV-VIS-NIR light source was DH-mini, and the excitation light source was LED405 (Ocean Optics, Dunedin, FL, USA). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image was measured by Tecnai G2 F30 (FEI Company, Hillsboro, OR, USA). Zeta potential and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were measured by Zetasizer Nano ZS90 (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK). The fluorescence lifetime measurement was measured using the FLS980 spectrometer (Edinburgh Instruments, Edinburgh, UK).
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7

Electrochemical Detection of Acetylcysteine

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Graphite powder, chloroauric acid (HAuCl4·4H2O), and the ACV standard powder were purchased from Aladdin Reagent Co. Ltd. Sodium citrate, NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4, H3PO4, NaOH, and other chemical reagents were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. ACV tablets (200 mg) were purchased from the local pharmacies. All other chemicals and reagents used in this work were of analytical grade and used directly. ACV stock solution (1.0 mM) was prepared by dissolving appropriate amounts of the ACV powder in ultrapure water. Before use, it was stored at 4°C in the dark to avoid any decomposition. The required concentration of ACV was made by diluting the stock solution. The supporting electrolyte was 0.1 M phosphate buffer (PB) solution. The pH varying from 5.5 to 8.0 was obtained by mixing NaH2PO4 and Na2HPO4, using H3PO4 and NaOH as reagents for pH adjusting. Ultrapure water (18 MΩ cm) obtained from a Milli-Q water purifying system was used for preparation of all the solutions.
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8

Electrochemical Biosensor for Pesticide Detection

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Chemically pure Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, NaH2PO4 and Na2HPO4 were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, Type C3389, 500 U mg−1 from electric eel) and acetylthiocholine chloride (ATCl) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). Parathion-methyl, acetamiprid and pentachlorophenol were purchased from Aladdin Chemistry Co., Ltd. Graphite was purchased from Qingdao Tianhe Graphite Co., Ltd. 0.1 M PBS with the pH value of 7.4 was employed as the electrolyte buffer, which was prepared with standard solutions of NaH2PO4 and Na2HPO4, and adjusted the pH with 0.1 M H3PO4 or NaOH solution. Other reagents were of analytical grade and used as received without further purification, and all solutions were prepared with ultrapure water (18 MΩ) from a Milli-Q water purification system.
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9

Comprehensive Reagent Sourcing for Microbial Experiments

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PCR master mix, low-weight DNA ladders, and gel-red (10,000×)
were from BBI (BBI Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China); 6× gel loading
dye was purchased from New England Biolabs, MA, America. Sterile defibrillated
sheep blood was purchased from Nanjing Maojie Microbiology Technology
Co., Ltd (Nanjing, China). Tryptone and yeast extract were purchased
from OXOID (England). Soya peptone was purchased from AoBox (Beijing,
China). Agar powder was purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China).
Peptone from fish, urea, Tween-20, MgCl2, KCl, NaHCO3, Na2CO3, and NaH2PO4 were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai,
China). NaCl, Na2HPO4, EDTA·2Na, and boric
acid were purchased from Nanjing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Nanjing,
China). Agarose was purchased from BIOWEST, France. Ammonium persulfate,
tetramethylethylenediamine, acrylamide, and Tris were purchased from
Aladdin (Beijing, China). All solutions were prepared using ultrapure
water with an electric resistance >18.20 MΩ·cm, which
was obtained using a Bamstead Labtower EDI water purification system
(Thermo, Germany).
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10

Extraction and Purification of ε-PL

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Methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, (NH4)2SO4, NaH2PO4, KCl, NaCl, Na3PO4 and Na2SO4 were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China). Acetonitrile was obtained from TEDIA (Fairfield, Ohio, USA). A protein assay kit was obtained from Bio-Rad (California, USA). The standard ε-PL sample with a purity of 98.5% was provided by Jiangsu Yiming Biological Co., Ltd (Jiangsu, China). All chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade.
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