During each recording session, EEG, EMG, and left eye pupillometry were performed on head-fixed mice: sessions lasted 3-6 h/day in the light phase within Zeitgeber time 2-9 (10 AM to 6 PM). Specifically, EEG and EMG were amplified 1000 times with filter configurations of 1-300 Hz and 10-300 Hz, respectively, (Model 3000; A-M Systems), analog-to-digital converted (16-bit depth; NI-9215; National Instruments, Austin, TX, USA), and recorded at a sampling rate of 1000 Hz using a custom written program (LabVIEW 2016; National Instruments) on a personal computer (Windows 10 Pro; Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA). Images of the mouse left eye were captured using a custom-written program (LabVIEW 2016; National Instruments, Austin, TX, USA) on the PC at 30.3 ± 16.5 Hz (mean ±SD) with an infrared (IR) LED ring light (940 nm, FRS5 JS; OptoSupply, Hong Kong) and a USB camera for which the IR cut-off filter was removed beforehand (BSW200MBK; Buffalo, Aichi, Japan). A single recording session was performed once a day for 3-6 h.
Model 3000
Manufactured by A-M Systems
Sourced in United States
The Model 3000 is a multi-channel data acquisition system designed for recording and monitoring various types of signals. It features multiple input channels, high-resolution analog-to-digital conversion, and real-time data processing capabilities.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Spike2, by Cambridge Electronic Design (2 mentions)
Micro 1401, by Cambridge Electronic Design (2 mentions)
Power 1401, by Cambridge Electronic Design (2 mentions)
Usb 6008, by National Instruments (2 mentions)
Labview, by National Instruments (2 mentions)
Labview 2016, by National Instruments (1 mentions)
Ni 9215, by National Instruments (1 mentions)
Ced power 1401, by Cambridge Electronic Design (1 mentions)
Matlab, by MathWorks (1 mentions)
Prairieview, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Sylgard coated dish, by Dow (1 mentions)
Powerlab 26t, by ADInstruments (1 mentions)
13 protocols using model 3000
1
Multimodal Neurophysiology in Head-Fixed Mice
2
Dual-Site In Vivo Electrophysiology in Rats
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In vivo dual-site extracellular recordings were conducted as described with a few modifications (Noguchi et al., 2017 ; Chen et al., 2019 ). Rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (IP 80 mg/kg, Sigma, United States) then head-fixed in a stereotaxic apparatus (RWD Life Science, China) with body temperature maintained between 36 and 37°C. When necessary, a supplemental dose of anesthesia was given based on tail reflex. After a midline skin incision was made, two skull holes were drilled above the ACC (2.5 mm anterior to the bregma, 0.4 mm lateral to the midline, 1.7-2.0 mm depth) and the dorsal CA1 subregion of the HIPP (3.6 mm posterior to the bregma, 2.0 mm lateral to the midline, 2.2–2.5 mm depth, 10°) under a stereomicroscope (Sunny Optical Technology, China). Two glass microelectrodes for recording (filled with 0.5 M NaCl, resistance 4–6 MΩ) were slowly inserted until the tips of the electrodes reached the ACC and hippocampal CA1. Each recorded signal was amplified (1,000x) by an electrometer amplifier (Model 3000; A-M Systems, United States) and digitized via a D/A converter (Micro 1401; Cambridge Electronic Design, Ltd., United Kingdom), then sent to data acquisition software (Spike2; Cambridge Electronic Design).
3
Cortical Local Field Potential Recording
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A single channel local field potential (LFP) was recorded by placing a glass electrode (impedance, 2–4 MΩ) filled with 0.9% saline into the cortex at an acute ~45° angle. The LFP was amplified and filtered between 0.1 and 1000 Hz using an AC/DC Differential Amplifier (Model 3000, A-M Systems, Carlsborg, WA). The signal was then digitized by a CED Power 1401 (Cambridge Electronic Design, Cambridge UK), and recorded onto a PC using Spike as previously described (Zhao et al., 2009 (link)). In some experiments, multi-channel depth electrodes were employed for multi-layer recordings (16 channels with 100 μm spacing, site area 177 μm2, 1.5–2.7 MΩs impedance, and 33 μm tip width; Neuronexus Technologies, Ann Arbor, MI), coupled to a preamplifier and data acquisition device (RZ5D workstation, TDT, Alachua, FL) using RPvdsEx software (TDT, Alachua, FL) (Harris et al., 2013 (link)).
4
Optogenetic Neurophysiological Recording
5
Optogenetic Neurophysiological Recording
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Local field potentials were measured in animals with optrode implants by connecting the optrode, through an electrical commutator (PlasticsOne), to an amplifier (Model 3000, A&M Systems; amplified 100x), filtered (high-pass, 1 Hz; low-pass 300 Hz), and digitized at 3 kHz; (Power 1401, Cambridge Electronic Design) and recorded using Spike2 (CED). LFP data was recorded starting 10 s prior to, and one minute after photostimulation. Spike2 and IgorPro were used to analyze and visualize the data.
6
In vivo Dual-Site Extracellular Recordings
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In vivo dual-site extracellular recordings were conducted as described (Engel et al., 2001 (link)). Mice were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (IP 80 mg/kg), then head-fixed in a stereotaxic apparatus (RWD Life Science) with body temperature maintained between 36 and 37°C. When necessary, a supplemental dose of anesthesia was given based on tail reflex. After a midline skin incision was made, two skull holes were drilled above the mPFC (1.98 mm anterior to the bregma, 0.5 mm lateral to the midline, 1.2 mm depth) and the CA1 subregion of the HIPP (−2.06 mm posterior to the bregma, −1.5 mm lateral to the midline, 1.0 mm depth) under a stereomicroscope (Sunny Optical Technology). Two glass microelectrodes for recording (filled with 0.5 M NaCl, with a resistance of 1.0–1.5 MΩ) were slowly inserted until the tips of the electrodes reached the mPFC and hippocampal CA1. Each recorded signal was amplified (1,000×) by an electrometer amplifier (Model 3000; A-M Systems) and digitized via a D/A converter (Micro 1401; Cambridge Electronic Design), then sent to data acquisition software (Spike2; Cambridge Electronic Design).
7
Kainic Acid-Induced Oscillatory Activity in Organoids
8
Vigilance State Monitoring via EEG/EMG Recordings
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During the entire imaging session, the vigilance states were monitored using real-time EEG/EMG differential recordings amplifier (Model 3000, A-M systems). Signals were sampled at 1kHz. EEG was filtered in the frequency band [0.5Hz-300Hz], while EMG was filtered in the [10-500Hz] frequency band. EEG data were analyzed using a custom MATLAB© software. Power spectra and probability distributions of EEG magnitude were estimated for the total duration of anesthesia. Time-frequency representation was performed with a 4s duration sliding FFT (fast Fourier transform) window and 0.5s step size.
9
EEG/EMG-based sleep/wake classification
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The EEG/EMG was monitored and continuously recorded using a differential amplifier (Model 3000, A-M systems). EEG and EMG signals were sampled at 1 kHz and band-pass filtered with 0.5–300 Hz and 10–500 Hz, respectively, and recorded via Prairie View (Bruker, Nano Surfaces Division, Madison, WI, USA). EEG/EMG data were analyzed using a custom Matlab (Mathworks, Massachusetts, USA) script. EEG power as well as EMG power spectra were calculated over a 4s-width sliding time window. Wake state criteria were: Increased EMG and high theta/delta ratio (>2). NREM sleep criteria were defined by low EMG activity power and high delta/theta ratio (>2), while REM sleep criteria consisted of high theta/delta power ratio (>4) and muscle atonia, characterized by an almost null EMG power. Sleep and wake episodes were defined using a manually established EMG threshold to fit with expert scoring. Episodes containing >90% and <25% of wake time were recognized as wake and sleep respectively.
10
Electrophysiological Monitoring During Experiments
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EEGs and EMGs were monitored during the measurements. During fiber photometric recordings, EEG and EMG signals were amplified (Model 3000, A-M Systems), filtered, and digitized at 1 kHz using an analog-to-digital converter (USB-6008, National Instruments). EEG signals were high-pass and low-pass-filtered at 0.1 Hz and 300 Hz, respectively. The EMG signals were high-pass and low-pass filtered at 1 Hz and 300 Hz, respectively. The data acquisition software was written using LabVIEW (National Instruments). During extracellular lactate measurement, EEG and EMG signals were sampled at 1 kHz using a commercially available recording system (Pinnacle Technology).
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