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3 protocols using anti cd63

1

Depletion of Endocytic Regulators in HeLa Cells

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Cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) using Oligofectamine (Invitrogen) on days 1 and 2 and harvested on day 4. siRNA duplexes were synthesized by Dharmacon, the target sequences were: 5′-CCA GUC UUC UCU CGU CCU A-3′ (Tsg101), 5′-AGA GAC AAG UGG AGG UAA A-3′ (Hrs), both as previously described 18 (link), 5′-GTT CTT GCT CTA CGT CCT C-3′ (CD63), as previously described 16 (link). Negative control siRNA was used for control cells (Mammalian AllStar negative siRNA, Qiagen). Efficiency of knockdown was assessed by western blotting using anti-Hrs (Enzo Lifesciences), anti-Tsg101 (Genetex) and anti-CD63 (1B5, a generous gift from Mark Marsh, University College, London) antibodies.
For concurrent depletion and expression studies, HeLa cells were transfected with siRNA on days 1 and 2 and transfected with PMEL (a generous gift from Michael Marks, University of Pennsylvania) on day 3 using Lipofectamine 2000 reagent (Invitrogen), following manufacturer's guidelines.
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2

Exosomal Protein Analysis in Prostate Cancer Cells

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PCa cells and exosomal lysates were prepared using RIPA buffer (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., Dallas, TX, USA) and total proteins were quantified using bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay reagents (Thermo-Scientific, Rockford, IL, USA). About 10–20 μg protein lysates were fractionated on 4–20% SDS-PAGE. Proteins were then transferred into nitrocellulose membranes (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA), blocked in 5% BSA for 1h at room temperature. Membranes were incubated overnight at 4 °C with anti-integrin α2 (ITGA2), anti-CD9, anti-CD63, anti-E-cadherin, and anti-calnexin (GeneTex, Irvine, CA, USA), anti-c-Myc, anti-phosphorylated and total FAK, anti-GAPDH (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), anti-Vimentin (Millipore), anti-pERK1/2 (Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA) antibodies. Membranes were incubated with appropriate secondary antibody for 1 h at room temperature. The specific protein bands were developed using the Clarity TM Western ECL Substrate (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The developed signals were visualized by Odyssey ® Fc Imager and C-Digit Blot Scanner (LI-COR, Lincoln, NE, USA) and the densitometric analysis was performed by the Image studio Lite (LI-COR, Lincoln, NE, USA).
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3

Detecting Antioxidant and Hypoxia Proteins

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The cells were lysed, and the extracts were prepared as previously described [24 (link)]. Monoclonal or polyclonal anti-GPx1 (diluted 1:500; Picoband), anti-GPx3 (diluted 1:550; R&D systems), anti–HIF–1α (diluted 1:650; Novus), anti–HIF–2α (diluted 1:450; Novus), anti-CD63 (1:600; GeneTex), anti-CD81 (1:500 dilution; GeneTex), and anti-Calnexin (1:650 dilution; Cell Signaling) antibodies were used to detect GPx1, GPx3, HIF-1α, HIF-2α, CD63, CD81, and Calnexin proteins in cells using 150 μg of cell extract. The western blots were normalized using a monoclonal anti-β-actin antibody (diluted 1:10,000; Sigma-Aldrich), and protein bands were quantified using the ImageJ software.
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