Loctite 401

Manufactured by Henkel Adhesive Technologies

Sourced in Germany

Loctite 401 is a cyanoacrylate adhesive product designed for industrial and commercial applications. It is a fast-acting, single-component adhesive that provides strong bonding between a variety of materials, including metal, plastics, rubber, and more. The product is suitable for applications where a rapid and durable bond is required.

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Lab products found in correlation

Loctite 712, by Henkel Adhesive Technologies (2 mentions) Stemi 508, by Zeiss (1 mentions) Litfsi, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sutter p 2000 laser puller, by Sutter Instruments (1 mentions) Secotom 50, by Struers (1 mentions) Axiovision, by Zeiss (1 mentions) Xylol, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Methyl methacrylate liquid, by Dentsply (1 mentions) Viscotears, by Alcon (1 mentions) Medetomidine, by Orion Pharma (1 mentions) Dental cement, by Dentsply (1 mentions) Metabond, by Parkell (1 mentions) Sylgard 184, by Dow (1 mentions) Complete cocktail tablet, by Roche (1 mentions) Tcat 2lv, by Physitemp (1 mentions) Polystyrene beads, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Poly mount, by Polysciences (1 mentions)

13 protocols using loctite 401

Assembly of Ferromagnetic Cilia Array

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Figure S1 (E and F) illustrates the procedure of assembling ferromagnetic cilia into an array. The magnetized cilia were manually attached to an assembly fixture and fixed by glue (Loctite 401, Henkel AG) under a stereomicroscope (Stemi 508, Carl Zeiss AG). Motorized micromanipulators could be potentially incorporated for automating such a task in the future.

Dong X., Lum G.Z., Hu W., Zhang R., Ren Z., Onck P.R, & Sitti M. (2020). Bioinspired cilia arrays with programmable nonreciprocal motion and metachronal coordination. Science Advances, 6(45), eabc9323.

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Rat Spine Biomechanical Testing

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Skeletally mature Sprague-Dawley rats (male, 4–5 months of age, n = 13) were obtained and sacrificed according to an approved Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) protocol. Spine levels L1-L6 were dissected by cutting through adjacent IVDs, and 3 vertebra-IVD-vertebra motion segments with intact cranial and caudal vertebrae bodies were then isolated from each spine biomechanical testing by cutting through L2/3 and L4/5 IVDs for a total of 39 biomechanical test specimens. Excess soft tissue around the IVDs and posterior skeletal elements were removed. The motion segments were wrapped in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) soaked Kim wipes and stored at −20 °C until further use. On the day of testing, the motion segments were thawed, vertically aligned and embedded in metal cylindrical pots using an instant adhesive (Loctite 401, Henkel, Düsseldorf, Germany) (Fig. 2A). The potted motion segments were divided into three groups: Intact, AF injury, and EP injury. The L1/L2 motion segments were designated as Intact since they are significantly smaller and less suited for an injury model, while L3/L4 and L5/L6 motion segments were randomly assigned into AF or EP injury groups. Intact specimens underwent the same repeated measures protocol without any injury to control for the effects of testing and re-testing.

Wang D., Lai A., Gansau J., Nasser P., Lee Y., Laudier D.M, & Iatridis J.C. (2022). Ex vivo biomechanical evaluation of Acute lumbar endplate injury and comparison to annulus fibrosus injury in a rat model. Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 131, 105234.

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Radiative Cooling Performance of PLCL Membranes

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All experiments were conducted on the rooftop of the R&D Center at Korea University (37°35′ N, 127°01′ E) in late March when it was almost cloudless and windless. The PLCL membranes with radiative heating patterns were fabricated by depositing 3 ml of black ink (Midnight Black, Chefmaster, USA) or PEDOT:PSS aqueous solution (Clevios PH1000, Heraeus, Germany) mixed with 150 μl of dimethyl sulfoxide and 30 μl of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) on an oxygen plasma–treated PLCL membrane through a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mask using a spray coater (BBM-P001, Beetlebug, South Korea), followed by drying on a hot plate at 50°C for 12 hours or attaching W foil patterned using a laser cutter (Epilog Legend Helix, Epilog laser, USA) on an oxygen plasma–treated PLCL membrane using an adhesive (Loctite 401, Henkel, Germany). Then, the samples were mounted on the setup for radiative cooling performance measurements with minor modification (fig. S14). The temperature difference between hot and cold sides (ΔT) was monitored using K-type thermocouples connected to a multichannel data logger (resolution, ±0.1°C; RDXL6SD-USB, OMEGA, USA) under the solar irradiance of 1000 W/m² (daytime) and 0 W/m² (nighttime).

Han W.B., Heo S.Y., Kim D., Yang S.M., Ko G.J., Lee G.J., Kim D.J., Rajaram K., Lee J.H., Shin J.W., Jang T.M., Han S., Kang H., Lim J.H., Kim D.H., Kim S.H., Song Y.M, & Hwang S.W. (2023). Zebra-inspired stretchable, biodegradable radiation modulator for all-day sustainable energy harvesters. Science Advances, 9(5), eadf5883.

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Microinjection of Drosophila Embryos

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Eggs were injected with a short taper quartz glass capillary with filament (inside diameter 1.0 mm and outside diameter 1.0 mm; Sutter Instruments) pulled with a Sutter P-2000 laser puller (1 line: heat = 700; filament = 2; velocity = 30; delay = 130; pull = 75) (Sutter Instruments). The underside of the glass slide with eggs was adhered with water to the glass stage plate on a Zeiss AxioZoom V16 stereomicroscope fitted with an aureka digital micromanipulator (Aura Optik) set at a 45° angle. A Narishige IM-300 microinjector (Narishige) with nitrogen-sourced pressure standing at 62.0 psi and an initial pressure of 20.0 psi was used during initial injection with further adjustments, as needed, down to 2.0 psi. The pressure was lowered to adjust to the fine capillary tip breaking off from repeated injection but maintains a thin enough taper to keep injecting with high survivability. After injection, wounds were sealed with cyanoacrylate adhesive (Loctite 401; Henkel) and the slide was placed in a fly vile with a wet cotton bottom and a sponge stopper; eggs were then placed in a climate chamber.

Fandino R.A., Haverkamp A., Bisch-Knaden S., Zhang J., Bucks S., Nguyen T.A., Schröder K., Werckenthin A., Rybak J., Stengl M., Knaden M., Hansson B.S, & Große-Wilde E. (2019). Mutagenesis of odorant coreceptor Orco fully disrupts foraging but not oviposition behaviors in the hawkmoth Manduca sexta. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(31), 15677-15685.

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Histological Preparation of Human Mandible

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The dissected human mandible was dehydrated with ascending alcohol series (70–100 % ethanol) and degreased with Xylol (Merck, Germany). The specimen was infiltrated with resin in two stages; firstly with a combination of MMA (Merck, Germany) and dibutyl phthalate 10 % (Fluka, Germany) and secondly with a combination of MMA, dibutyl phthalate 15 % and benzoyl peroxide 3 %. After curing resin surplus was cut off with a band-saw (Proxxon) and the specimen was sliced in sections of 500-μm thickness with a precision saw (Secotom 50, Struers, Germany). Selected slices were fixed on a microscope slide (Loctite 401, Henkel, Germany and Parafilm®, Reichelt Chemietechnik, Germany). Thin sections were produced with a water-cooled rotating grinder (Struers) and abrasive papers (grain 180–4000) to a thickness of 80 μm. Thin sections were stained with azur II, pararosaniline. The respective thin section was measured using a digital microscope (Zeiss, Germany) using the software AxioVision (Zeiss).

Flügge T., Hövener J.B., Ludwig U., Eisenbeiss A.K., Spittau B., Hennig J., Schmelzeisen R, & Nelson K. (2016). Magnetic resonance imaging of intraoral hard and soft tissues using an intraoral coil and FLASH sequences. European Radiology, 26(12), 4616-4623.

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Transparent Skull Surgery for Optical Imaging

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To prepare for the optical imaging experiment, mice underwent transparent skull surgery as described earlier (for detailed protocol, see Steinzeig et al., 2017). Briefly, animals were anaesthetized with a mixture of fentanyl (Hameln, Germany) 0.05 mg/kg, midazolam (Hameln, Germany) 5 mg/kg and medetomidine (Orion Pharma) 0.5 mg/kg. Additionally, carprofen 5 mg/kg (ScanVet) was administrated subcutaneously for postsurgery analgesia. During the surgery, animals were fixed to a stereotaxic frame and kept on a heating pad at 37°C to prevent hypothermia. The eyes were protected with eye gel (Viscotears, Alcon). The scalp around the visual cortex was removed, and the skull surface was cleaned of periosteum, blood and debris. A layer of cyanoacrylate glue Loctite 401 (Henkel) was applied, followed by two layers of acryl (EUBECOS) mixed with methyl methacrylate liquid (Dentsply). Finally, a metal bar holder was attached to the surface of the skull and then covered with a mixture of cyanoacrylate glue and dental cement (Dentsply) to guarantee a secure positioning during the optical experiments.

Steinzeig A., Cannarozzo C, & Castrén E. (2019). Fluoxetine‐induced plasticity in the visual cortex outlasts the duration of the naturally occurring critical period. The European Journal of Neuroscience, 50(10), 3663-3673.

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Thinned-Skull Window for In Vivo Imaging

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We created a polished and reinforced thinned-skull window over the somatosensory cortex as previously described.^{40 ,41 (link)} Briefly, anaesthesia was induced with 4% isoflurane and additional pain control provided with buprenorphine. Mice were maintained at 1–2% isoflurane for surgery. After removing the skin, the skull overlying the sensory cortex was thinned to translucency with a handheld drill. The area was covered with cyanoacrylate instant adhesive (Loctite 401, Henkel) and a coverslip, and a custom head mount was attached using dental cement (Metabond, Parkell). Mice were allowed to recover for 24 h prior to imaging. During imaging, mice were anaesthetized with 1.5% isoflurane. All antibodies and intravascular tracers were delivered by injection into the retroorbital sinus. The blood plasma was labelled with 2 MDa dextran conjugated to either FITC or Alexa 680 (5% in PBS, 20–50 μl per injection). For in vivo leucocyte labelling, we injected either 50 μl of freshly prepared Rhodamine 6G (0.1% in PBS) or monoclonal fluorescent-conjugated antibodies (rat anti-mouse CD3, clone 17A2; mouse anti-mouse CD45.2, clone 104; all from Biolegend and used at 0.4 mg/kg i.v.).

Faulhaber L.D., Phuong A.Q., Hartsuyker K.J., Cho Y., Mand K.K., Harper S.D., Olson A.K., Garden G.A., Shih A.Y, & Gust J. (2021). Brain capillary obstruction during neurotoxicity in a mouse model of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Brain Communications, 4(1), fcab309.

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Amphibious Microfluidic Robotic Pump

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An exploded view of the robot is given in Supplementary Figure S13. The pump was composed of two layers made of polydimethylsiloxane elastomer (Sylgard 184, Dow-corning), and both layers were molded and cured in an oven for 2 h at 60 °C after pouring liquid state elastomer into 3D printed molds. These two layers were bonded each other using a corona plasma treater (Corona SB, BlackHole Lab) followed by bonding a neodymium magnet to the bottom layer with an adhesive (Loctite 401, Henkel). A SUS nozzle was also tightly fitted into the outlet. After that, a laser-cut 0.8 mm thick polycarbonate body frame was bonded with the pump using an adhesive layer (468MP, 3 M). The circular footpads were made of 3D printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. Whereas a 0.15 mm thick epoxy-impregnated glass fiber plate was for the keel. The footpads were all spray coated with water-repelling material (NeverWet, RUST-OLEUM) for hydrophobicity. Before injecting water and alcohol to the microchannels, a porous medium is filled inside the designated chamber. The porous medium was gently pressed with a laser-cut polycarbonate cover followed by sealing with an adhesive tape for airtightness.

Kwak B., Choi S., Maeng J, & Bae J. (2021). Marangoni effect inspired robotic self-propulsion over a water surface using a flow-imbibition-powered microfluidic pump. Scientific Reports, 11, 17469.

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Caudal Rat Intervertebral Disc Mechanics

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Motion segments from skeletally mature Sprague Dawley rats (n = 10) from coccygeal levels c4/5, c6/7 and c8/9 were dissected for a total of 30 motion segments with intact rostral and caudal vertebrae, wrapped in 1X PBS soaked Kim wipes and stored at −20 °C until day of testing. Motion segments from multiple levels were evenly distributed between three axial preload groups to control for potential level effects, although geometry of rat caudal IVDs is similar (Espinoza Orías et al., 2009 (link)). Axial preloads of −1.6 N, −8.0 N and −16.0 N corresponding to −0.1 MPa, −0.5 MPa, and −1.0 MPa (calculated as load/area), respectively, were chosen as they correspond approximately to intradiscal pressures while lying prone, relaxed standing, and sitting with knees flexed (Wilke et al., 1999 (link)). On the day of testing, motion segments were thawed in 1X PBS at room temperature for 2 h and excess connective tissue was removed using a scalpel. Motion segments were visually aligned in custom stainless steel pots using a plumb line and pottted using an instant adhesive (Loctite 401, Henkel, Düsseldorf, Germany) with an accelerant (Loctite 712, Henkel, Düsseldorf, Germany).

Torre O.M., Evashwick-Rogler T.W., Nasser P, & Iatridis J.C. (2019). Biomechanical test protocols to detect minor injury effects in intervertebral discs. Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 95, 13-20.

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Rat Motion Segment Preparation and Potting

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Preparation and potting of rat motion segments were previously described (Lai et al., 2019 (link); Mosley et al., 2019 (link); Torre et al., 2019 (link)). Briefly, all surrounding tissues including vertebral processes were removed under a dissection microscope. Motion segments were dissected and stored in 1X phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (Fisher Scientific, Hampton, NH) with protease inhibitor (complete cocktail tablet, Roche Diagnostics Corporation, Indianapolis, IN), at −20 °C until the day before testing. Motion segments were potted in two 10-mm custom stainless steel pots with an instant adhesive (Loctite 401, Henkel, Dusseldorf, Germany) and an accelerant (Loctite 712, Henkel, Dusseldorf, Germany). A custom clamp and plumb line confirmed motion segments were aligned along the axis of loading. Potted motion segments were submerged in 1X PBS with protease inhibitor, at 4 °C overnight to allow full hydration prior to testing. On the day of testing, the potted motion segments were thawed in 1X PBS at room temperature for 2 h.

Fujii K., Lai A., Korda N., Hom W.W., Evashwick-Rogler T.W., Nasser P., Hecht A.C, & Iatridis J.C. (2020). Ex-vivo biomechanics of repaired rat intervertebral discs using genipin crosslinked fibrin adhesive hydrogel. Journal of biomechanics, 113, 110100.

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