All experimental protocols were approved by the Johns Hopkins Animal Care and Use Committee. All animals were handled and treated in accordance with the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) Statement for Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research. A specific sex was not specified when ordering any species, so both male and female animals were used as provided. C57BL/6J and tyrosinase knockout mice on the C57BL/6J background (B6(Cg)-Tyrc−2J/J) were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory. Brown Norway and Wistar rats were obtained from Charles River Laboratories. All animals were 6–8 weeks in age. Animals were anesthetized prior to euthanasia.
Brown norway
Manufactured by Charles River Laboratories
Sourced in Italy, Japan
The Brown Norway is a laboratory animal model used for various research purposes. It is a strain of rat that is commonly used in biomedical research. The core function of the Brown Norway model is to serve as a research subject for scientific investigations.
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Lab products found in correlation
C57bl 6j, by Jackson ImmunoResearch (2 mentions)
Wistar rat, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
B6 cg tyrc 2j j, by Jackson ImmunoResearch (1 mentions)
Rnu rat, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
Visualsonics vevo 2100, by Fujifilm (1 mentions)
Sprague dawley rat, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
Em 900, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Male brown norway rats, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
Fischer 344, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
7 protocols using brown norway
1
Ophthalmic Research in Rodents
2
Outbred Male Brown Norway Rats Protocol
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The experimental protocol was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” (828/2019-PR 06.12.2019). Animal care complied with the EU guidelines (2010/63/EU). The experiments were performed on n. 30 outbred male Brown Norway (Charles River Laboratories, Milan, Italy), body mass 230–250 g, housed in the University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” Animal Facility, in standard cages, two animals per cage. Food and water were supplied ad libitum. Room temperature was set at 21–23 °C, 50–60% of relative humidity, and the day/night cycle was 12 h/12 h. For 7 days before initial treatment, rats were acclimated.
3
Rat Myocardial Infarction Model
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MI was induced by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in immunodeficient (RNU rats, Charles River)/immunocompetent rats (Brown Norway, Charles River) (weight: 160–220 g). Briefly, heart was exposed via a left thoracotomy, and the proximal LAD was ligated. One million cells were suspended in 100 μL vehicle (IMDM-base media without any essential nutrients or growth factors) and injected into the myocardium at 4 sites adjacent to the infarct while IMDM serves as placebo control. Baseline echocardiograms were acquired 1 day after procedure (post-operative echocardiographic examinations at 24 h to insure similar extend of induction of MI), 7 days and at 28 days post- MI. Two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography was performed using the VisualSonics Vevo 2100 ultrasound unit (VisualSonics, Toronto, Canada) to assess metrics of left ventricular size and function. Images were obtained from the parasternal long axis and the parasternal short axis at the midpapillary level.
4
Animal Handling and Approval Protocol
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Brown Norway and Sprague Dawley rats were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA). Both wild-type (WT) and PPARα-knockout (Pparα-/-) mice in the C57-BL/6J background were bred in-house. Care, use and treatment of all animals in this study were in strict agreement with the Public Health Service Policy on Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and guidelines in the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals set forth by the University of Oklahoma Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. All protocols were approved by the IACUC prior to beginning (approval number 14-032-SSHT).
5
Ultrastructural Analysis of Pigmented Mouse and Rat Eyes
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For ultrastructural analysis, eyes from pigmented mice (C57BL/6J; Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine) and rats (Brown Norway; Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, Massechusetts) were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer and embedded in Epon. Series of ultrathin sections (70‐90 nm) were collected on copper grids, contrasted with lead citrate and uranyl acetate and viewed with an electron microscope (EM900; Zeiss). Images were acquired using a 1024 × 1024 pixels frame transfer CCD camera (Tröndle TRS, Moorenweis, Germany) and Image SP Software (SYS‐PROG, Minsk, Republic of Belarus), stitched using the Distortion Correction Plugin 50 in ImageJ and adjusted for brightness and contrast with Adobe Photoshop CS6.
6
Crocidolite Exposure in Fischer-344/Brown-Norway Rats
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Crocidolite was obtained from Union for International Control of Cancer (Geneva, Switzerland). All rats were Fischer‐344/Brown‐Norway F1 hybrids, which do not generate mesothelioma spontaneously.20 Fischer‐344 female rats and Brown‐Norway male rats were purchased from Charles River Laboratories Japan, Inc. (Yokohama, Japan). The animal experiment committee of Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine (Nagoya, Japan) approved these experiments.
7
Purification of Recombinant EphB4-HSA
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Adult male pigmented rats (Brown-Norway; Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were used in the study, and all procedures were conducted in accordance with the ARVO Statement for the Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research and approved by the University of Southern California Animal Use Committee under a project. Extracellular domain of human EphB4 followed by human serum albumin (HSA) coding cDNA was expressed in CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells in chemically defined medium. Protein was purified using Blue Agarose beads to homogeneity, host cell protein levels less than 80 ppm, endotoxin levels <0.5 EU/mg. Protein stability was documented at 4 °C and −20 °C up to 3 years.
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