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Nanospect ct

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The NanoSPECT/CT is a small-animal imaging system that combines single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and computed tomography (CT) technologies. The system is designed to provide high-resolution, quantitative imaging of small laboratory animals for preclinical research applications.

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36 protocols using nanospect ct

1

Radiolabeling and Biodistribution of DTNs-AS1411

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Three Balb/C mice (8 weeks, 28.5 g in average) were purchased from Slac Laboratory animal (China) and recruited in this research. Animal care and all experimental procedures were performed under the approval of the Animal Care Committee of Fudan University. SPECT/CT imaging was operated in the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University. Preparation of 99mTc-labeled DTNs-AS1411: Briefly, the mixtures of DTNs-AS1411 and NHS-MAG3 in HEPES buffer (pH = 8.0) were incubated at room temperature for 2 h and then purified on a P4 column with 0.1 M PBS as eluent. The peak fractions were collected and quantitated by UV spectrophotometry. For radiolabeling, 18.5 MBq 99mTc-pertechnetate generator elute was added into a mixed solution of 40 μL (10 μg) of MAG3-DTNs-AS1411 in PBS, 15 μL tartrate buffer (pH = 8.5), and 5 μg SnCl2·2H2O in 0.01 M HCl. The solution was heated to 50 °C for 20 min. The 99mTc-labeled DTNs-AS1411 was purified by size exclusion radio-HPLC. Aiming for the preliminary evaluation of biodistribution and in vivo metabolic mechanism, 99mTc-DTNs-AS1411 (18.5 MBq/mouse) was administered to Balb/C mice via tail vein injection. At 3 h post injection, mice were anesthetized via 2 % isoflurane inhalation and scanned via NanoSPECT/CT (Bioscan, Washington, DC) for 20 min.
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2

In Vivo SPECT/CT Imaging of Ramos Xenografts

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Conjugates were administered by tail vein injection of 100 μl solution (0.2 and 0.9 MBq) to each animal. Between 4 and 7 mice were sacrificed by neck dislocation under Sevoflurane gas anesthesia at each time point after cardiac puncture for blood sampling. Tumor sizes at injection of conjugates varied between 120 and 1800 mm3. Studies were conducted as described in reference [28 (link)]. Comparisons between average values were done using t-tests with a significance level of 0.05.
A pilot In vivo SPECT/CT was performed on 2 mice with Ramos subcutaneous xenografts with diameters around 12 mm in their right flank in a nanoSPECT/CT (Bioscan Inc., Washington DC, USA). SPECT/CT acquisitions were performed at 3, 24 and 48 hours after treatment injection in mouse 1 and after 24 hours in mouse 2. Activities measured by SPECT/CT were compared with ex-vivo measurements done at 48 hours after treatment administration. Mice were injected i.v. with 150 μl of 10 MBq of 177Lu-HH1 and were anaesthetized with 2% Isofluran for image acquisition.
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3

Quantitative SPECT Imaging of Xenograft

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Four groups of animals (n=3) bearing peritoneal LS-174 xenografts were injected with 140 μCi of 131I via the tail vein. The dedicated small animal NanoSPECT/CT (Bioscan Inc., Washington, DC, USA) was used with a multi-pinhole focused collimator and a temperature controlled animal bed unit (Minerve equipment veterinaire). Nine pinhole apertures with a diameter of 2.5 mm were used on each of the 4 gamma-cameras, with a field of view (FOV) of 24 mm. Twenty hours after radiotracer administration, mice were anesthetized with 1% to 2% isofluorane and heated by an warmed-air circulator to maintain stable body temperature during the entire scanning period. CT images were obtained for anatomical orientation immediately before SPECT imaging. SPECT datasets were acquired wit 64 projections with 1 min per projection at the shortest radius of rotation (30 mm) in a 140 keV ± 10% energy window. SPECT images were reconstructed using ordered subset expectation maximization (5 iterations, 4 subsets) without attenuation correction using the Mediso Suite (Mediso Medical Imaging Systems, Budapest, Hungary). Reconstructed datasets were consistent with 80 × 80 image matrices and had a spatial resolution of 0.8 mm.
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4

Visualizing Venomous Structures in Shark Spine

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Knowing that spine associated venom glands were detected as soft tissue located at the posterior side of the spine [18 (link)–20 (link), 22 (link)], magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of the E. spinax spine and the associated tissues were obtained thanks to a Bruker Biospec 11,7 T (Bruker BioSpin, Ettlingen, Germany) in order to visualized the presence/absence of a specific venomous structure. A bird-cage coil with an internal diameter of 40 mm was used in emission/reception mode. The run sequence was Flash type with the following parameters: TE: 3.2 ms; TR: 320 ms; FA: 25°; matrix size: 396 × 396; field of vision of 30 × 30 mm2; ten non-continuous slides separated from 350 μm (center to center); resolution: 76 × 76 × 250 μm3; number of repetitions: 700. Computed tomography (CT) data of E. spinax were acquired using a cone beam micro-CT scanner (NanoSPECT/CT, Bioscan inc., Washington D.C., USA) with the following characteristics: spatial resolution: 48 μm; X-ray tube voltage: 45 kVp; number of projections: 360; exposure time: 1000 ms. The CT projections were reconstructed with a voxel size of 0.111 × 0.111 × 0.11 mm3 by ray-tracing based filtered back projection.
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5

Biodistribution of Labeled Extracellular Vesicles

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8-week-old C57BL/6 mice were injected intravenously via the tail vein with 100 μL of either DiR-labeled EVs, EV-AuNP (0.5 nM, 10 µg of protein) or AuNP-PEG-FA (0.5 nM). After 6 or 24 h mice were sacrificed, and fluorescence images of animals and organs were captured by In-Vivo FX PRO (Bruker) imaging. Noninvasive imaging was performed using a small-animal CT system (nanoSPECT/CT®, Bioscan, Washington, DC). Additionally, for gold analysis, the organs were lyophilized and analyzed by NAA as described above.
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6

Quantifying Limb Lymphedema with Nano-SPECT/CT

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The volume of the hind limbs was measured by using Nano‐SPECT/CT (NanoSPECT/CT, Bioscan) with the animals in a supine position 1 month after radiotherapy. The rats were under general anesthesia as previously described.20, 21 The scan was taken for 15 min, and the images were reconstructed with filtered back‐projection into a 3D‐image volume with pixels sized 0.2 mm in both the transverse and axial directions. All images were saved in DICOM format and later analyzed with PMOD software (PMOD Technologies Ltd.).
The volume differentiation was determined by the following equation:
(Volume of the hind limb of interest − Volume of the contralateral healthy hind limb)/Volume of the contralateral healthy hind limb × 100%.
A volume differentiation greater than 5% was considered swelling from lymphedema.
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7

In Vivo SPECT/CT Imaging of Mice

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Mice were placed in a 37.5°C-heated cage 20–30 minutes prior to radiotracer injection and moved to a 37.5°C-heated induction chamber 10 minutes prior to injection, where they were anesthetized with 2% isoflurane in 1000 cc·min−1 oxygen. A dose of 1 mCi in 0.1 mL of 99mTc-MDP was administered by tail vein injection and the mice were placed in a 37.5°C-heated cage for 60 minutes of conscious uptake. SPECT/CT scans were acquired using a Bioscan NanoSPECT/CT (Washington, DC) with fixtures to maintain heat and anesthesia throughout the process. Mice were imaged via a 24-minute static acquisition for SPECT imaging followed immediately by a 3-minute CT acquisition. SPECT reconstruction was performed using a dedicated Ordered Subset-Expectation Maximization algorithm and CT reconstruction used Filtered Back Projection with a Shepp–Logan Filter. Fused SPECT/CT images were analyzed using VivoQuant Image Analysis Suite (inviCRO, LLC, Boston, MA). The following standard operating procedures (SOP) were used: SOP 6.046 (SPECT imaging of mice); SOP 6.048 (CT imaging of mice).
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8

SPECT Imaging of Amoxicillin-Loaded Nanoparticles

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Pathogen-free BALB/c mice (4 weeks old) were purchased from the National Laboratory Animal Center (Taipei, Taiwan). All experimental mice received care on the basis of the guidelines outlined in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (8th edition). The in vivo experiments were conducted using protocols approved by the National Taiwan University College of Medicine and College of Public Health Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (Approved NO. 20190127).
For the single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) study, amoxicillin was first radiolabeled with 123iodine (123I, emitting 159 KeV photons) using an idoge-tube (Pierce Iodination Tubes, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rackford, IL, USA) [30 (link)] and then loaded into the prepared CAANs (123I-CAANs). BALB/c mice were fed with the 123I-amoxicillin or 123I-CAANs, and then SPECT/CT images were obtained using a NanoSPECT/CT (Bioscan Inc., Poway, CA, USA) at 4 and 24 h post oral administration. The mice were euthanized 24 h post oral administration, and their gastrointestinal tracts were removed. SPECT/CT images of the gastrointestinal tracts were then obtained.
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9

Biodistribution of Dual-Labeled Nanoparticles

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Animal protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at UMMS. To study biodistribution after a local administration we introduced double labeled NP into the cervicovaginal tract of rats. The estrous cycles of these rats were timed, and the animals were in confirmed estrus and metestrus stages (36 ) as determined by cytology of vaginal smears (37 ) (see Supplementary Figure S3). Initially n=3 female Fisher rats were briefly anesthetized using 1.8% isoflurane/oxygen and 30 μl of concentrated dually labeled HC-PGC NP (80 mg/ml, 230±25 μCi/animal) were administered by gentle pipetting into the vaginal tract using sterile 0.2 ml pipette tips. For SPECT/CT imaging, the animals were anesthetized with 1.8% isoflurane/oxygen, and imaged at 24h after the administration using NanoSPECT/CT (Bioscan). Acquisition time was approximately 30 min. The CT and SPECT reconstruction was performed using InVivoScope 1.37 software (Bioscan) and images were quantified using a volume-of-interest (VOI) approach. For biodistribution the animals were euthanized at 48 h, the blood samples were weighed and radioactivity in blood was counted using a gamma-counter and normalized for weight and radioactivity decay.
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10

In Vivo Tumor Volume Measurement

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For caliper measurements, tumor length (longitudinal diameter) and tumor width (transverse diameter) were measured, and the tumor volume was calculated according to the following formula: tumor volume = (length × width2)/2.
Animal CT imaging was performed using NanoSPECT/CT (Bioscan Inc., Washington, DC, USA) consisting of a low-energy X-ray tube and a precision-motion translation stage. A total of 180 projections were acquired with the X-ray source set at 45 kVp and 177 mA. Two-dimensional slices were reconstructed using an Exact Cone Beam Filter Back Projection algorithm with a Shepp–Logan filter. CT images were reconstructed on a voxel/pixel size of 0.20:0.192 mm, providing image sizes (x, y, z) of 176 × 176 × 136 with an image resolution of 48 mm.
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