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6 protocols using adp ribosyl cyclase

1

RNA Isolation and SPAAC Labeling Protocol

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A 100-μL reaction containing 50 mM Hepes, pH 7.0, 5 mM MgCl2, 45 μg cellular RNA, 10 μL of 3-azido-1-propanol (Sigma), 0.85 μM ADP ribosyl cyclase (Sigma), and 100 units of murine RNase inhibitor (NEB) was incubated for 30 min at 37 °C. The reaction was stopped by adding 100 μL phenol/chloroform (5:1, pH 4.5) (Invitrogen). The mixture was centrifuged at 12,000 × g for 5 min at 4 °C. The upper phase was collected and mixed with 100 μL chloroform. After centrifugation, the upper phase was gently collected and mixed at a 1:3 ratio with 100% ethanol and a 0.1× volume of 3 M NaOAc (pH 5.4). The RNA sample was incubated for 30 min at −20 °C and then centrifuged at 14,000 × g for 20 min at 4 °C. The pellet was washed twice with 400 μL 75% ethanol, air dried, and dissolved in 10 μL RNase-free H2O. SPAAC was performed by incubating the RNA in a 30-μL reaction containing 155.2 mM NaCl, 2.97 mM Na2HPO4, 1.06 mM KH2PO4, pH 7.4, 30 units of murine RNase inhibitor (NEB), and 33.3 μM 39-nt-RNA-DBCO at 37 °C for 2 h. The RNA sample was mixed at a 1:3 ratio with ethanol and a 0.1× volume of 3 M NaOAc (pH 5.4). The RNA was pelleted by centrifugation at 14,000 × g for 20 min at 4 °C. The pellet was washed twice with 400 μL 75% ethanol, air dried, and dissolved in 40 μL RNase-free H2O.
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2

NAD Quantification in HaCaT Cells

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HaCaT cells were cultured in Epilife medium without NAM (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) supplemented with 10% FBS and NEAA. After overnight culture, HaCaT cells were treated with NAM (DSM, Basel, Switzerland) at different concentrations for 3 h. NAD was measured by a colorimetric assay. In brief, cells were washed twice with DPBS containing 5 mM EDTA. Acetonitrile (ACN) lysis buffer (ammonium acetate [50 mM] and 90% acetonitrile) was added to lyse the cells at room temperature (RT) for 5–10 min. The enzyme master mix including NAD substrate GW323424X, ADP ribosyl cyclase (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), and a CD38 inhibitor (GSK2880268A; GlaxoSmithKline proprietary compound) in HEPES pH7 buffer, was added to the lysed cells. The enzymatic reaction was carried out at room temperature for 30 min. Supernatants were transferred to each well of a 96‐well plate for colorimetric absorbance reading at 405 nm. A mixture of enzyme master mix and ACN extraction solution at 2:1 ratio was used as a blank.
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3

Purification of Metabolic Enzymes

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Hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoriboisomerase, myokinase, pyruvate kinase and ADP-ribosylcyclase were purchased from Sigma. Phosphodiesterase I was purchased from Worthington Biochemical. Alkaline phosphatase was purchased from New England Biolabs. Human PNP and NRK1 were purchased from Novus Biologicals. E. coli phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase was expressed and purified using a published method.32 Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase was purified as described before.33 (link)
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4

Ropivacaine Modulates Oxidative Stress

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Ropivacaine was purchased from AstraZeneca (London, UK). ADP-ribosyl cyclase, 8-Br-cADPR, alcohol dehydrogenase, resazurin, NAD, nicotinamide, bovine serum albumin (BSA), diaphorase, 3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), bicine, alkaline phosphatase, riboflavin 5’-mono-phosphate (FMN), NADase, nucleotide pyrophosphatase, and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)-Na were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Phosphodiesterase I was purchased from Worthington Biochemicals (Lakewood, Canada). CD38 antibody and cADPR were purchased from Santa Cruz (Dallas, TX, USA). Antibodies for Caspase 3, cleaved Caspase 3 (C-Caspase 3), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (MA, USA). Antibodies for B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) were purchased from Biyotime (Shanghai, China). The superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay kit was purchased from Neobioscience (Shenzhen, China), and the malondialdehyde (MDA) assay kit was purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China).
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5

Enzymatic NAD+ Hydrolysis Assay

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Reactions were prepared in 1 ml reaction buffer (Na-PO4 pH 6.8 or Na-Acetate pH 4, 0.5 mM CaCl2) supplemented with 1 mM NA and 100 µM NAD+. After adding 10 ng purified AfNADase and subsequent incubation at 20 °C for 1 h 50 µl of the reaction were analysed by HPLC as described above. Aplysia californica ADP-ribosyl cyclase (Sigma-Aldrich, CAS: 135622-82-1) was used as positive control.
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6

Fluorescent Assay for Cyclic ADP-Ribose

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Alcohol dehydrogenase, NAD, ADP-ribosyl cyclase, nicotinamide, resazurin, diaphorase, bovine serum albumin (BSA), 3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), bicine, riboflavin 5’-mono-phosphate (FMN), phenazine ethosulfate (PES), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-Na, Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and 8-Br-cADPR were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). cADPR and CD38 antibody were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA). Phosphodiesterase I was obtained from Worthington Biochemicals (Lakewood, CA, USA). Fluo-3/acetoxymethyl ester (Fluo-3/AM) was purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China), and the other reagents were purchased from North Bell (Changsha, China).
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