Dba 2

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DBA/2 is a type of laboratory mouse strain commonly used in immunological research. It is a fully inbred strain, meaning the mice are genetically identical. DBA/2 mice have a H-2^d major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype, which is a key characteristic for certain immunological studies.

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DBA/2 mice (14 citations) Male DBA/2 mice (2 citations)

9 protocols using dba 2

Treg-inducing PLGA nanoparticle therapy

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C57Bl/6, DBA/2 and BALB/c mice (including DO11.10, H2^d) were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME). Female C57Bl/6 mice and male DBA/2 mice were bred for the generation of (C57Bl/6 x DBA/2)F₁ (BDF1) mice. At the age of eight weeks, BDF1 mice were induced to develop disease by the transfer of parent DBA/2 cells according to standard protocols (10 (link)). BDF1 mice were then given i.p. injection of vehicle as control or PLGA NPs encapsulating IL-2 and TGF-β - coated or not (control) with anti-CD2 and anti-CD4 Ab (BD Biosciences). Mice were monitored bi-weekly to measure the frequency of circulating Tregs by flow cytometry. Serum sampling was obtained via retro-orbital bleeding. Proteinuria was measured using Albustix strips (Siemens). Mice were maintained in specific pathogen-free (SPF) facilities at the University of California Los Angeles. Experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Research Committee.

Horwitz D.A., Bickerton S., Koss M., Fahmy T.M, & La Cava A. (2019). Suppression of Murine Lupus by CD4+ and CD8+ T Regulatory Cells Induced by T-Cell Targeted Nanoparticles Loaded with IL-2 and TGF-β. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 71(4), 632-640.

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Mouse Models for Immunology Research

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SPF BALB/c, C57Bl/6, DBA/2, B₆D₂F₁ (BDF) and ICR/CD1 male and female mice (6–8 weeks old) were purchased from Jackson Laboratories or Charles River Laboratories, housed in laminar flow micro isolators with continuous access to sterilized rodent chow and acidified water and acclimated for 2 weeks before use. Homozygous MMP-9-deficient C57Bl/6 mice (Vu et al., 1998 (link)) were obtained from Dr. Zena Werb and bred at Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM). Maintenance of the MMP-9-null phenotype was monitored by zymography. CXCR2 knockout and control mice and were obtained from Jackson Labs. Conditional CXCR4 knockout mice (Nie et al., 2004 (link)) were obtained from Dr. Yung-Ru Zou, Columbia University, NY, NY, and bred at IUSM. B6.SJL-Ptprc (BoyJ) mice were purchased from Jackson Labs or bred in the IUSCC In Vivo Therapeutics Core facility. For animals bred in house, littermates of the same sex were randomized to experimental groups. The animal care and use committee of Indiana University School of Medicine and Harvard University approved all protocols involving animals at their respective institutions. Unless otherwise stated, in all experiments, each mouse was assayed individually.

Hoggatt J., Singh P., Tate T.A., Chou B.K., Datari S.R., Fukuda S., Liu L., Kharchenko P.V., Schajnovitz A., Baryawno N., Mercier F.E., Boyer J., Gardner J., Morrow D.M., Scadden D.T, & Pelus L.M. (2017). Rapid mobilization reveals a highly engraftable hematopoietic stem cell. Cell, 172(1-2), 191-204.e10.

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Morphine Responses in Mouse Strains

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Subjects included 281 experimentally naïve (age-matched 8–16 or 78 weeks) adult male and female mice from the following strains: AKR/J (AKR; N=52; 26/sex), DBA/2 (DBA; N=49; 25 male and 24 female), CBA/J mice (CBA; N=86; 43/sex), and C57BL/6J (B6; N=94; 47/sex). Mouse strains were chosen based on previous work by Kest et al. (1999 (link)) examining sex differences in morphine-induced antinociception dose-response curves across these mouse strains. All mice were obtained from Jackson Laboratories: [C57BL/6J (#000664); DBA/2 (#000671); AKR (#000648); CBA/J (#000656)]. B6 and AKR mouse strains were chosen because morphine produced increased antinociception in males compared to females while CBA females showed the opposite. In contrast, there were no sex differences in morphine-induced antinociception in DBA mice as a function of sex. Mice were group housed (3–5/cage) on a 12:12 hour light/dark cycle (lights out at 18:00) with ad libitum access to food and water. Female mice were not monitored for estrus cycle. Mice were weighed daily prior to any administration of drug to ensure proper dosing. Animal care procedures were conducted in accordance with NIH guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals ( 2011 ) and with approval from Marshall University’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).

Lulek C.F., Maulik M., Mitra S., Guindon J., Morgan D.J, & Henderson-Redmond A.N. (2023). Sex differences in acute delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) response and tolerance as a function of mouse strain. Psychopharmacology, 240(9), 1987-2003.

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Murine Animal Welfare in Research

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All mice used for these studies (C57BL/6, BALB/c, and DBA-2) were obtained from Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, ME). All animal studies were reviewed and approved by the University of Miami Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (Protocol no. 15-078). All procedures were conducted according to the guidelines of the Committee on Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (National Research Council, Washington DC). Animals were housed in microisolated cages in Virus Antibody Free rooms with free access to autoclaved food and water at the Department of Veterinary Resources of the University of Miami.

Chen J., Song Y., Bojadzic D., Tamayo-Garcia A., Landin A.M., Blomberg B.B, & Buchwald P. (2017). Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the CD40–CD40L Costimulatory Protein-Protein Interaction. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 60(21), 8906-8922.

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Subcutaneous Tumor Inoculation in Mice

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Seven- to 9-week-old female mice were purchased (C57BL/6, DBA/2, and C3H from the Jackson Laboratory; BALB/c from Taconic Biosciences). All procedures involving the care and use of animals were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA and were conducted in accordance with the regulations and guidelines of the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care. Mice were anesthetized and inoculated subcutaneously into the right lower flank with a single-cell suspension of ≥95% viable cells in 0.1 mL of serum-free culture media. Tumors and body weights were measured twice weekly using a caliper and the formula for tumor volume [V = 0.5 (a × b²); a and b are the long and short diameters of the tumor, respectively].

Georgiev P., Muise E.S., Linn D.E., Hinton M.C., Wang Y., Cai M., Cadzow L., Wilson D.C., Sukumar S., Caniga M., Chen L., Xiao H., Yearley J.H., Sriram V., Nebozhyn M., Sathe M., Blumenschein W.M., Kerr K.S., Hirsch H.A., Javaid S., Olow A.K., Moy L.Y., Chiang D.Y., Loboda A., Cristescu R., Sadekova S., Long B.J., McClanahan T.K, & Pinheiro E.M. (2022). Reverse Translating Molecular Determinants of Anti–Programmed Death 1 Immunotherapy Response in Mouse Syngeneic Tumor Models. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, 21(3), 427-439.

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Mouse Husbandry and Welfare in Research

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All mice used for these studies (C57BL/6, BALB/c, and DBA-2) were obtained from Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, ME, USA). All animal studies were reviewed and approved by the University of Miami Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Procedures were conducted according to the guidelines of the Committee on Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (National Research Council, Washington, DC, USA). Animals were housed in microisolated cages in Virus Antibody Free rooms with free access to autoclaved food and water at the Department of Veterinary Resources of the University of Miami.

Bojadzic D., Chen J., Alcazar O, & Buchwald P. (2018). Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Novel Immunomodulatory Small Molecules Targeting the CD40–CD154 Costimulatory Protein-Protein Interaction. Molecules : A Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry, 23(5), 1153.

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Isolation and Analysis of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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Hematopoietic stem cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells: young (812 week) female C57BL/6, DBA2, 129X1/SvJ, A/J and CD45.1 mice (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME, USA) were used for HSC/hematopoietic progenitor cell isolation (HPC). HSC/HPC were defined as Lin⁻, Sca-1⁺ (clone E13-161.7) and c-KIT⁺ (LSK) cells. Long-term HSC (LT-HSC) were identified as LSK plus CD34 and FLT3 negative cells.
Cell cycle: cell cycle was analyzed by BrdU incorporation using BrdU Flow Kit.
Apoptosis: apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V staining.
Active caspase 3 analysis: active caspase 3 analysis was analyzed using PE Active Caspase-3 Apoptosis Kit. All kits are from BD Pharmingen™. Flow cytometry was performed on a FacsAria II (Becton Dickinson) and the data were analyzed with FlowJo software (Tree Star, Ashland, OR, USA).

Zhang C., Fondufe-Mittendorf Y.N., Wang C., Chen J., Cheng Q., Zhou D., Zheng Y., Geiger H, & Liang Y. (2020). Latexin regulation by HMGB2 is required for hematopoietic stem cell maintenance. Haematologica, 105(3), 573-584.

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Genetic Mouse Models of Muscular Dystrophy

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(C57BL/10ScSn-Dmdmdx/J), DBA/2mdx (D2.B10-Dmdmdx/J), C57BL/6, C57BL/10, DBA/2, Cmah -/-(B6.129X1-Cmah tm1Avrk /J) and Cmah -/--mdx (B10.Cg-Cmah tm1Avrk Dmd mdx /PtmJ) mice were supplied by the Jackson Laboratory. FKRP L276I mice were generated and previously characterized [16] (link). DBA/2-FKRP L276I mice were obtained in our animal facility by crossing FKRP L276I with DBA/2 for 10 generations, while Cmah -/--FKRP L276I were generated from crossing with Cmah -/-mice, followed by selection of double homozygous mutants. The selection of mutants for both Fkrp and Cmah genes was achieved by genotyping using already described protocols and PCR primers [16, (link)19] (link).
Dystrophin-deficient mice and their wild-type (WT) counterparts were sacrificed at 10 weeks. FKRP-deficient mice and their WT counterparts were sacrificed at 24 weeks. Four animals per group were used for the study.
All mice were handled according to the European guidelines for the human care and use of experimental animals, and all procedures on animals were approved by the local ethics committee and the regulatory affairs of the French Ministry of Research (MESRI) under the number APAFIS#3519. Animals were housed in a barrier facility with 12 h light/12 h dark cycles, and provided food and water ad libitum. In this study, only male mice were used.

Vaubourg C., Gicquel E., Richard I., Lostal W, & Bellec J. (2021). Minimal Consequences of CMAH and DBA/2 Backgrounds on a FKRP Deficient Model. Journal of neuromuscular diseases, 8(5).

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Mouse Husbandry and Welfare in Research

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