Spss ver 17.0 for windows

We retrospectively reviewed 331 cases of patients with AA who had biopsies performed in Dong-A University Hospital between January 1994 and May 2013. We classified these cases into acute, subacute, and chronic groups, according to onset and duration of disease. Chronic AA is defined by a duration of disease that is longer than 3 months at the time of biopsy8 (link). Of the cases, 311 were considered chronic AA. This study was approved by the institutional review board of Dong-A University Medical Center (IRB no. 15-102) and conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki. All data were analysed using SPSS ver. 17.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).

The intra-rater reliability of all US parameters, including tongue thickness, shortest hyoid-thyroid approximation, and time to hyoid-thyroid approximation, were analyzed by determining the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 3 trials for each parameter. An independent t-test was used to compare the baseline characteristics (age, gender, BMI, height, weight, MMSE score, and MBI score) of healthy controls and PD patients, and to compare the shortest hyoid-thyroid approximation distance and tongue thickness between the two groups. Time to hyoidthyroid approximation was analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman rank correlation analysis was performed in order to assess the correlation between US parameters and disease severity, as measured by PD duration, MBI scores, MMSE scores, and the HY scale scores; and also to assess the correlation between each of the US parameters. In addition, PD patients were divided into two subgroups: patients with or without penetration or aspiration during VFSS. US parameters in the two subgroups were compared with the Mann-Whitney U test. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS ver. 17.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The level of statistical significance was set at a p-value less than 0.05.

A paired t-test was used to analyze ESR, CRP, VAS score, ODI score, and lumbosacral angle between preoperative and final follow-up values. p<0.05 indicated statistical significance. We used SPSS ver. 17.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) for all statistical calculations.

All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS ver. 17.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Means and standard deviations for age, height, thoracic kyphosis, cervical lordosis, lumbar lordosis, SS, pain, and body image were separately calculated for each sex using descriptive statistics. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparing continuous variables (age, height, thoracic kyphosis, cervical lordosis, lumbar lordosis, SS, pain, and body image) between the males and females, whereas Pearson’s chi-square test was used for comparing the number of AWV and Risser sign between males and females.