Bovin serum albumin, catalase from bovine liver lyophilised powder (2000–5000 units/mg protein), ethanol, hydrogen peroxide solution (30% w/w in H2O), methanol, polyvinylpyrrolidone (55 kDa), potassium hydroxide, Purpald®, sodium chloride, sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, and sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Citric acid, L-arginine monohydrochloride, dextran (~70 kDa), and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (>99%) were provided by Alfa Aesar (Heysham, UK). Ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate (EDTA), sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate, aqueous formaldehyde solution (35 wt%) and hydrochloric acid (36.5–38% in water) were obtained from Honeywell (Seelze, Germany). Potassium periodate was purchased from Scientific Laboratory Suppliers Ltd. (Nottingham, UK). Ficoll PM70 (polysucrose 70) was obtained from Cytiva (Uppsala, Sweden). The Bradford 5× reagent was obtained from Serva (Heidelberg, Germany) and a microBCA protein assay kit was sourced from ThermoFisher (Rockford, IL, USA). Super refined Polysorbate 20® and super refined Polysorbate 80® were obtained from Croda (Goole, UK). α,α-Trehalose dihydrate was purchased from Pfanstiehl (Waukegan, IL, USA).
Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate
Manufactured by Honeywell
Sourced in Germany
Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate is a chemical compound used as a laboratory reagent. It is a white, crystalline powder with the chemical formula Na2HPO4·2H2O. The compound is soluble in water and is commonly used in various analytical and experimental procedures in scientific research and laboratories.
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Lab products found in correlation
Citric acid, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dextran, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Bovin serum albumin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Catalase from, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hydrogen peroxide solution, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
2 2 2 trifluoroethanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
L arginine monohydrochloride, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Micro bca protein assay kit, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Potassium hydroxide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Polyvinylpyrrolidone, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Honeywell (1 mentions)
Super refined polysorbate 80, by Croda (1 mentions)
Ethyl acetate, by Avantor (1 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by Carl Roth (1 mentions)
Acetonitril, by Avantor (1 mentions)
Methanol, by Avantor (1 mentions)
5 protocols using sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate
1
Biochemical Assay Protocol Development
2
Comprehensive Chemical Reagents Procurement
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methanol (p.a., min 99%), acetic acid (p.a., min. 99.0%), sodium acetate (anhydrous, p.a., min. 99.0%) and iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (p.a., min. 99.0%) were purchase from ChemSolute® (Renningen, Germany). Ethyl acetate (≥99.7%, PESTINORM®), methanol (≥99.9%, HiPerSolv CHROMANORM®, super gradient), acetonitril (HiPerSolv CHROMANORM® Reag, ≥99.95%, super gradient grade) were ordered from VWR International (Darmstadt, Germany). (±)-6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox, 97.0%), 2,4,6-tris-(2-pyridyl)-s-triazin (TPTZ, ≥98%), sodium phosphate monobasic (p.a., anhydrous, ≥99.0%), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH, 95%), standard flavonoids, and 2,2′-azobis-(2-methyl-propionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH, 97%), were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Schnelldorf, Germany). Furthermore, L-(+)-ascorbic acid (≥99%, p.a.), fluorescein disodium salt (C.I. 45,350) and sodium carbonate (≥99.5% anhydrous) were obtained from Carl Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany). Ethanol (absolute, min. 99.8%) was purchased from Walter-CMP (Kiel, Germany), sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate (ultrapure, 98.5–101%) was obtained from Honeywell (Charlotte, North Carolina, United States); and hydrochloric acid (37%, p.a.) were bought from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ultra-pure water was generated via Purelab Flex 3 (ELGA LabWater, Veolia Water Technologies Deutschland GmbH, Celle, Germany).
3
Wood Functionalization using Succinic Anhydride
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Sapwood of spruce wood (Picea abies) from Switzerland was used. For wood functionalization, succinic anhydride and acetone were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MI, USA). Pyridine (anhydrous grade) was obtained from VWR (Radnor, PA, USA). Tip functionalization required 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (HOOC(CH2)10SH, ≥ 95%, Sigma-Aldrich), 11-mercapto-1-undecanol (OH(CH2)11SH, ≥ 97%, Sigma-Aldrich) and ethanol (HPLC grade, ≥ 99.8%, Sigma-Aldrich). Buffer preparation in the pH range from pH 2 to pH 12 required water (HPLC plus grade, Sigma Aldrich), monobasic sodium phosphate (NaH2PO4 anhydrous, ≥ 99.0%, Sigma-Aldrich), phosphoric acid (H3PO4, 85wt%, Sigma-Aldrich), sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate (Na2HPO4*2H2O, ≥ 99.5%, Riedel-de Haën, Seelze, Germany) and trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate (Na3PO4*12H2O, ≥ 98%, Sigma-Aldrich).
4
Antioxidant Capacity Evaluation Assays
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The 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), aluminium(III) chloride, and quercetin were obtained from Alfa Aesar (Tewksbury, MA, USA). Vitamin C was purchased from Acros (Geel, Belgium). Sodium hydroxide was provided by Choneye Chemical Co. (Taipei, Taiwan). Ethanol was procured from Echo Chemical Co. (Miaoli, Taiwan). Potassium ferricyanide was purchased from First Chemical Co. (Pascagoula, MS, USA). Folin-Ciocâlteu’s (Folin) reagent was obtained from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK). Gallic acid (GA) was provided by Fluka (Neu-Ulm, Germany). Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate was purchased from J.T. Baker (Phillipsburg, NJ, USA). Sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate, and trichloroacetic acid were obtained from Riedel-de Haën (Seelze, Germany). Sodium phosphate monobasic was provided by Shimakyu’s Pure Chemical Co. (Osaka, Japan). Potassium perdisulfate was procured from Showa Chemical Co. (Tokyo, Japan). Di(phenyl)-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)iminoazanium and sodium nitrite were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
5
Electrochemical Detection of CA 15-3 Biomarker
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All chemicals were of analytical grade and water was ultrapure Milli-Q laboratory grade. Potassium hexacyano trihydrate (K4Fe(CN)6·3H2O), potassium hexacyano dihydrate (K3Fe(CN)6), sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate (Na2HPO4·2H2O) and sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate (NaH2PO4·2H2O) were purchased from Riedel de Haën; fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from Alfa Aesar; sulphuric acid (H2SO4) was obtained from BDH; urea was from Fagron; proteinase K and (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride (solution 75 wt% in H2O) (AMPTMA) was acquired from Sigma-Aldrich; carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was obtained from EastCostBio; Cancer Antigen 125 (CA-125) was from Hytest; CA 15-3 from host human (reference MBS536585) was purchased from MyBioSource.
For the calibration curves, CA 15-3 standard solutions ranging from 0.001 U mL−1 and 100 U mL−1 were used, prepared in PB buffer (pH 5.8). Each solution was incubated for 20 min at the electrode surface. Selectivity studies were conducted by competitive assay in which CA 15-3 (30 U mL−1) were mixed with CEA (2.5 ng mL−1), CA 125 (35 U mL−1), and urea (0.2 mg mL−1). All these solutions were prepared in PB buffer, at pH 5.8, in triplicate.
For the calibration curves, CA 15-3 standard solutions ranging from 0.001 U mL−1 and 100 U mL−1 were used, prepared in PB buffer (pH 5.8). Each solution was incubated for 20 min at the electrode surface. Selectivity studies were conducted by competitive assay in which CA 15-3 (30 U mL−1) were mixed with CEA (2.5 ng mL−1), CA 125 (35 U mL−1), and urea (0.2 mg mL−1). All these solutions were prepared in PB buffer, at pH 5.8, in triplicate.
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