Petunidin 3 o glucoside chloride

Commercial standards of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride, malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride, peonidin-3-O-glucoside chloride, petunidin-3-O-glucoside chloride, gallic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, ethyl gallate, taxifolin, chlorogenic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde, hippuric acid, 3-hydroxyhippuric acid, isovanillin, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid, 3-methoxyphenylacetic acid, vanillic acid, homovanillic acid, syringic acid, quercetin, myricetin, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, 4-methoxyquerceting, p-coumaric acid, epicatechin, kaempferol, and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside as well as sodium carbonate and Folin and Ciocalteu’s reagent (2N) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Extraction and LC-MS grade solvents, including methanol, water, acetonitrile, hexanes, and formic acid were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). VitaBlue Pure American Blueberry Extract was obtained from FutureCeuticals (Momence, IL, USA); lyophilized composite wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) powder was obtained from the Wild Blueberry Association of North America (Old Towne, ME, USA).