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17 protocols using nci h716

1

Bile Acid Regulation of GLP-1 and FGF15

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The mouse colon cell line STC-1 (RRID:CVCL_J405) and the human cecum cell line NCI-H716 (RRID:CVCL_1581) were purchased from ATCC. The cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 growth medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco, USA) at 37 °C, 5% CO2. The cells were plated into a 24 well plate with an appropriate density and then exposed to vehicle (DMSO, control, less than 0·1%), or DMSO+25uM BAs. After incubation, the culture supernatants were collected for ELISA. The secreted GLP-1 was detected according to the manufacturers’ instructions by ELISA kits (Millipore, MA, USA). Serum FGF15 levels were detected using a commercial mouse Fibroblast Growth Factor 15 ELISA Kit (CSB-EL522052MO, CUSABIO, Wuhan, China).
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2

Targeting circ_RNF13 and FBXW7 in CRC

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Normal colon cell line NCM-460 cells and human CRC cell lines CoLo205, DLD-1, HT-29, CoLo320, RKO, NCI-H716, and Caco-2 cells were from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA). The NCM-460 cells were grown in M3 medium containing 10% FBS (Gibco, Grand Island, NY, USA). All of the CRC cell lines were grown in RPMI1640 supplemented with 10% FBS (Gibco) 37 °C/5% CO2. For oxaliplatin (L-OHP) treatment, HT-29 and Caco-2 cells were treated with different doses of L-OHP (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 μg/mL). For irinotecan (CPT-11) treatment, HT-29 and Caco-2 cells were treated with different doses of CPT-11 (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 μg/mL). To study the protein stability, cycloheximide (CHX, 20 μg/mL) was administered for 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h. To block the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway, the cells were treated with 20 μM MG132. CHX and MG132 were purchased from MedChemExpress. shNC, sh-circ_RNF13-1, sh-circ_RNF13-2, sh-DDX27-1, sh-DDX-27-2, sh-TRIM24, sh-FBXW7, sh-MDM2, sh-TRIM25, sh-NEDD4, sh-TRIM11, sh-RNF180, sh-SYVN1, sh-MIB1, and pcDNA3.1-circ_RNF13 were purchased from GenePharma (Shanghai, China). HT-29 and Caco-2 cells were transfected 0.5 μg shRNA and/or plasmids using Lipofectamine 3000 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA). For double knockdown, 0.5 μg sh-circ_RNF13-1 and/or 0.5 μg sh-FBXW7 were co-transfected into CRC cells. At 48 h post-transfection, cells were harvested for subsequent analysis.
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3

Culturing Human Cell Lines

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The FGFR2-overexpressing human gastric cell line Snu-16 (no. CRL-5974; American Type Culture Collection, ATCC) and human colorectal cell line NCI-H716 (no. CCL-251; ATCC) were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Human osteosarcoma cells U2OS (no. HTB-96; ATCC) were grown in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) (Invitrogen). All media were supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FBS, Invitrogen) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin mix (Gibco). All cells were cultured at 37°C in 5% CO2 atmosphere and 95% humidity.
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Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines Cultivation

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Colorectal cancer cell lines SW620 and HT29 were purchased from the Type Culture Collection of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). Colorectal cancer cell lines SW480, NCI‐H716, T84, COLO320HSR, SK‐CO‐1, and NCI‐H508 were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA). COLO320HSR, NCI‐H508, and NCI‐H716 cells were maintained in RPMI‐1640 medium, SW480 and SW620 cells in Leibovitz's L‐15 medium, SK‐CO‐1 cells in minimal essential medium, T84 cells in a 1:1 mixture of Ham's F12 medium and DMEM, and HT‐29 cells in DMEM containing high glucose. All cells were supplemented with 10% FBS.
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5

Characterization of FGFR2 Kinase Domains

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Recombinant and FGFR2 kinase domains in the unphosphorylated state were generated as reported previously [35 (link)]. The A2780, AN3CA, COS-1, J82, K-562, KATO-III, KG-1, NCI-H716, RT4, SKOV-3, SNU-16, and SW-780 cells used in this study were obtained from ATCC (Manassas, VA). The MFE-280, MFE-296, MFM-223, and RT-112 cells were acquired from the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH (Berlin, Germany). All cell lines were maintained in either RMPI 1640 or DMEM in the presence of 10% FBS in a 37°C humidified incubator with 5% CO2 and were passaged for fewer than 6 months after being received. Re-authentication was not performed. High capacity RNA-to-DNA kit and master mix for real time qPCR analysis were purchased from Life Technologies (Grand Island, NY). The primary antibodies for Western blot analysis were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA), R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN), Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX), and β-actin Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). ARQ 087 was supplied by ArQule, Inc.
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6

Hepatic and Intestinal Bile Acid Effects

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The human immortalized liver cell line L-02 was obtained from the Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). The epithelial cell line NCI-H716 was purchased from ATCC (catalog CCL25). Following the provided instructions, L-02 and NCI-H716 cells were cultured in plastic dishes with Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 Medium with 10% Gibco fetal bovine serum (Thermo Fisher Scientific), respectively. Further, vancomycin (10 μM to 400 μM) and C. scindens (live and heat-killed) were individually used to treat L-02 cells for 24 hours to test their effects on hepatic CYP7A1 expression. Based on the EC50 range of BAs for FXR activation (37 (link)), L-02 and NCI-H716 cells were separately treated with 50 μM TCA, TCDCA, TUDCA, and T-BAs for 24 hours to analyze the impact of BA-taurine conjugates on expression of FXR, FGF19, SHP, CYP7A1, and CYP8B1. Moreover, GUDCA, GCDCA, GCA, CA, UDCA, and 7-KDCA were used to separately treat NCI-H716 cells for 24 hours, with and without CDCA supplementation, for evaluating their effects on expression of FXR and FGF19 in enterocytes.
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7

Cell Line Validation and Authentication

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MDA‐MB‐453, NCI‐H1581, NCI‐H520, UM‐UC‐3, NCI‐H716 and DMS‐114 cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, USA); RT‐112 and JMSU1 cells were obtained from Leibniz Institute Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ, Germany) and MFM‐223 cells were obtained from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC, UK). C51 cells were provided by Dario Neri (Philogen, Italy). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were acquired from CellSystems Biotechnologie Vertrieb GmbH (Germany).
All cell lines were regularly subjected to identity verification by DNA fingerprinting at DSMZ to ensure correct use of the cell lines. Mycoplasma contamination tests were done in‐house using MycoAlert (Lonza, USA).
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8

Culturing Human and Rat Stellate Cells

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The human enteroendocrine L cell line NCI-H716 (American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA, USA) was cultured as described previously [27 (link)]. Briefly, the cells were initially grown in low-glucose RPMI-1640 (Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan) with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Biosera, Kansas City, MO, USA) at 37 °C and in the presence of 5% CO2. Subsequently, in order to generate mature endocrine cells, they were maintained in Matrigel (Corning, Bedford, MA, USA) with high glucose Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) (Nacalai Tesque) and 10% FBS for 2 days. Furthermore, 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 mg/mL streptomycin were added to the culture media at a ratio of 1:1000.
LX-2 human stellate cells and HSC-T6 rat stellate cells were purchased from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). Both lines were maintained as monolayer cultures in DMEM with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin/streptomycin in an incubator at 37 °C and 5% CO2. For each assay, cells were pre-incubated for 6 h with 5 ng/mL of human and rat transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA).
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9

Culturing Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

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The human CRC cell lines LS411N (CRL-2159), T84 (CCL-248), HCT116 (CCL-247), SW48 (CCL-231), LOVO (CCL-229), NCI H716 (CCL-251), COLO 320DM (CCL-220), DLD-1 (CCL-221), SW480 (CCL-228), and HT-29 (HTB-38), acquired from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA), were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM)-high glucose (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) (Sigma-Aldrich). They were grown at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere. The media were supplemented with penicillin G (100 U/mL) and streptomycin (0.1 mg/mL).
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10

Colon Cancer Cell Line Culture Protocols

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NCI-H508, Caco-2, SW403, SW948, HT29, SK-CO-1, DLD-1, SW480, SW837, SW48, SW620, LoVo, COLO205, T84, LS174T, NCI-H716, HCT8, HCT15, SW1116, RKO, COLO320DM, HuTu80, LS123, and HCT116 cell lines were from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). HCA-7, its derivatives CC and CC-CR, DiFi, GEO, LIM1215, and LIM2405 were maintained in the Coffey lab. The SNUC4 cell line was from the Korean Cell Line Bank and the V9P cell line was provided by John Mariadason (Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia). HNSCC cell lines SCC25, its derived cetuximab-resistant sublines (CTX-R1, R3, R4, R5, R7, and R8), and UNC10 were maintained in Christine Chung's laboratory. All cell lines were confirmed to be free of mycoplasma contamination. Cells were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM, Corning) supplemented with 10% bovine growth serum, glutamine, nonessential amino acids, 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin (HyClone) in 5% CO2 at 37°C. 3D collagen cultures were set up using 3 layers of type-I collagen PureCol (Advanced BioMatrix) in triplicate as previously described14 (link),15 (link). Human recombinant DKK1 (rDKK1) and DKK3 (rDKK3) are from R&D Systems. Drugs are used as follows: cetuximab (Merck KGaA), Wnt pathway inhibitor ICG-001 and XAV-939 (Selleck Chemicals). Colonies were counted by GelCount colony counter (Oxford Optronix).
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