Stearoyl chloride, 1,3-dibromo-2-propanol, pentaerythritol tribromide and sodium hydride (NaH) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Poly(ethylene oxide) monomethyl ethers (PEO) with 550, 750, 2000, and 5000 g/mol of number-average molecular weight Mn were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. Ltd. (St. Louis, MO, USA). According to Mn of PEO (Mn,PEO), PEO are described as PEO550, PEO750, PEO2k and PEO5k, respectively. Pyridine and dehydrated tetrahydrofuran (THF) were purchased from Fujifilm Wako Chemicals Co. Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). All reagents were used as obtained. Star-like amphiphilic polymers consisting of plural PEO chains and one stearyl chain were synthesized by the methods shown below. The amphiphilic polymers are denoted as (PEOx)y-C18, where x and subscription y are Mn,PEO and number of PEO chains in a star-like polymer, respectively.
Pyridine
Manufactured by Fujifilm
Sourced in Japan, Germany
Pyridine is a colorless, volatile, and flammable organic compound. It is a heterocyclic aromatic compound with the chemical formula C₅H₅N. Pyridine serves as a valuable chemical building block in various industrial and laboratory applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Methoxyamine hydrochloride, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Methanol, by Fujifilm (6 mentions)
Ribitol, by Fujifilm (4 mentions)
Chloroform, by Fujifilm (3 mentions)
N hexane, by Fujifilm (3 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Fujifilm (3 mentions)
N n diisopropylcarbodiimide dic, by Fujifilm (2 mentions)
N methyl n trimethylsilyl trifluoroacetamide mstfa, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Acetic anhydride, by Fujifilm (2 mentions)
Formic acid, by Fujifilm (2 mentions)
Trimethylamine, by Fujifilm (2 mentions)
N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Fujifilm (2 mentions)
Stearoyl chloride, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (1 mentions)
Oxalyl chloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Methyl ricinoleate, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (1 mentions)
Acetic anhydride, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (1 mentions)
Sinapinic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tetrahydrofuran thf, by Fujifilm (1 mentions)
Dichloromethane ch2cl2, by Kanto Chemical (1 mentions)
23 protocols using pyridine
1
Synthesis of Star-like Amphiphilic Polymers
2
Synthesis and Characterization of Ferulic Acid Esters
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Ferulic acid (99%) and triphenyl phosphine (99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Japan Co., Ltd. p-Coumaric acid (>98.0%), sinapinic acid (>98.0%), oxalyl chloride (>98.0%), and diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (40% in toluene, ca. 1.9 mol L−1) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Methyl ricinoleate (>97.0%), acetic anhydride (>97.0%), N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) (>99.0%), N,N′-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC) (>99.0%), pyridine (>99.5%, dehydrated), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) (>99.5%, dehydrated), sodium sulphate (Na2SO4) (>99.0%), and tetrahydrofuran (THF) (>99.5%, with stabilizer, for gel permeation chromatography (GPC) grade) were purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation. p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (>99.0%) and lithium hydroxide monohydrate (>99.0%) were purchased from KISHIDA CHEMICAL Co., Ltd. Toluene (>99.5%, dehydrated), dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) (>99.5%, dehydrated), and THF (>99.5%, dehydrated stabilizer free) were purchased from Kanto Chemical and purified on a Glass Contour Solvent Purification System (NIKKO HANSEN & Co., Ltd, Japan). Chloroform-d1 (99.8 atom % D with 0.03 vol% tetramethylsilane) was purchased from Kanto Chemical. These chemicals were used without further purification unless otherwise noted. 4-(Dimethylamino)pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate (DPTS) was synthesised according to the literature.43 (link)
3
Synthesis and Characterization of Acrylate Compounds
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Methyl acrylate (1), ethyl acrylate (2), n-butyl acrylate (3), and methyl methacrylate (4) were purchased from Toagosei Co., Ltd. γ-Cyclodextrin (γCD) was obtained from Junsei Chemical Co. Ltd. 1-Hydroxy cyclohexyl phenyl ketone (Ciba, IRGACURE 184) was purchased from BASF Japan Co., Ltd. 2-Ethyl-2-adamantyl acrylate (Ad) was obtained from Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Ltd. 1,4-Butanediol diacrylate (BDA), acetic anhydride, and bromoethane were purchased from Nacalai Tesque Inc. Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. PAcγCD was prepared according to Scheme S1 in ESI (Fig. S1–S3† ). EMIm TFSI was prepared according to Scheme S2 and S3 in ESI (Fig. S4–S8† ). Pyridine and CDCl3 were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. DMSO–d6 was obtained from Merck & Co., Inc. Water used for the preparation of the aqueous solutions was purified with a Millipore Elix 5 system. Other reagents were used without further purification.
4
Preparation of DEHP-Exposure Animal Feedstuff
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DEHP, methoxyamine hydrochloride, N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide
(MSTFA), andl -glutamic acid-15N1, 13C5 (98 atom % 13C, 98 atom % 15N) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO), GL Sciences
(Tokyo, Japan), and Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp. (Tokyo, Japan), respectively.
Pyridine was purchased from Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries
(Osaka, Japan). All other chemicals and reagents were from Fujifilm
Wako Pure Chemical Industries and Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.,
and these were of analytical grade or better quality. Animal feedstuff
(solid form, CE-2) was obtained from CLEA Japan (Tokyo, Japan). The
appropriate amount of DEHP was diluted with ethanol, and the DEHP
ethanol solution was poured into the feedstuff, where the DEHP concentration
was adjusted to 0.1 or 0.2 wt %, respectively. After the DEHP-exposed
feedstuff had been shaken well, the ethanol was completely evaporated
off at room temperature overnight. For the control treatment, the
same amount of ethanol without DEHP was poured into the same animal
feedstuff and was evaporated in the same manner. The feedstuffs were
stored at room temperature in accordance with previous reports.22 (link),23 (link)
(MSTFA), and
(Tokyo, Japan), and Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp. (Tokyo, Japan), respectively.
Pyridine was purchased from Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries
(Osaka, Japan). All other chemicals and reagents were from Fujifilm
Wako Pure Chemical Industries and Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.,
and these were of analytical grade or better quality. Animal feedstuff
(solid form, CE-2) was obtained from CLEA Japan (Tokyo, Japan). The
appropriate amount of DEHP was diluted with ethanol, and the DEHP
ethanol solution was poured into the feedstuff, where the DEHP concentration
was adjusted to 0.1 or 0.2 wt %, respectively. After the DEHP-exposed
feedstuff had been shaken well, the ethanol was completely evaporated
off at room temperature overnight. For the control treatment, the
same amount of ethanol without DEHP was poured into the same animal
feedstuff and was evaporated in the same manner. The feedstuffs were
stored at room temperature in accordance with previous reports.22 (link),23 (link)
5
Mycotoxin Detection: Analytical Methods
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Standards of mycotoxins (AFB1, ZEA and DON), carbonate–bicarbonate buffer glutaraldehyde solution (Grade II, 25%), glycine, tris (hydroxymethyl) amino-methane (ACS reagent, 99.8 + %) and sodium chloride (ACS reagent, ≥ 99.0%) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, Missouri, USA). Skim milk (BD, Difco™ skim milk, Sparks, NV, USA), Tween 20 (molecular biology grade, Applichem, Darmstadt, Germany), SureBlue™ TMB Microwell peroxidase substrate (1-component) (KPL, Gaithersburg, MA, USA), sulfuric acid (Applichem, 95%–98% pure NF grade, Darmstadt, Germany), pyridine (Wako, Osaka, Japan), methanol (MeOH) (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) (Fluka, St. Louis, USA) were purchased from the mentioned companies. The Micro BCA™ Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific, Rockford, IL, USA) and commercial ELISA Kit for AFB1, ZEA and DON 2/3 (8335) (NEOGEN, Lansing, MI, USA) were used for protein and mycotoxin determination. Immunoaffinity columns for AFB1 (NEOGEN, Glasgow, UK) and ZEA (R-BIOPHARM RHÔNE LTD, Glasgow, Scotland) were used to purify mycotoxin from a liquid solution. HPLC-grade acetonitrile (ACN), MeOH and water were purchased from J. T. Baker Inc. (Phillipsburg, NJ, USA). Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer was purchased from Biosesang Inc. (Seongnam, Republic of Korea).
6
Amyloid-beta Oxidative Stress Assay
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Aβ25-35, donepezil (DO), Griess reagent, malondialdehyde (MDA), and 2’,7’-dichloro-fluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Sodium chloride (NaCl) was purchased from LPS Solution Co. (Daejeon, Korea). Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) were obtained from Biosesang Inc. (Seongnam, Korea) and Acros Organics Inc. (New Jersey, USA), respectively. n-Butanol and acetic acid were acquired from Duksan (Ansan, Korea). Pyridine was purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Co. (Osaka, Japan). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was purchased from Biopure Reagent Co. (Daejeon, Korea). Phosphoric acid was acquired from Samchun Pure Chemical Co., Ltd. (Seoul, Korea).
7
Metabolic Profiling of Nucleic Acid Compounds
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All reagents were special-grade chemicals. Methanol, chloroform, pyridine, and ribitol were purchased from Wako (Osaka, Japan). The derivatization reagents methoxyamine hydrochloride and N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and GL Sciences (Tokyo, Japan), respectively. The employed standards for nucleic-acid-related substances were hypoxanthine (Hx, Kanto Chemical, Tokyo, Japan), inosine (HxR, Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan), adenosine monophosphate (AMP, Tokyo Chemical Industry, Tokyo, Japan), inosine monophosphate (IMP) disodium hydrate (Tokyo Chemical, Tokyo, Japan), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) disodium salt (Oriental Yeast, Tokyo, Japan), and ATP disodium salt (Oriental Yeast, Tokyo, Japan).
8
Fabrication of PAA/TiO2 Composite Films
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Poly(amic acid) (PAA) solution was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC. TiO2 NP dispersion liquid (rutile type crystals) was developed and supplied by Ishihara Sangyo Kaisya Ltd. N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAc), pyridine, acetic anhydride, and n-hexane were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. and were used without any purification.
9
Analysis of Oxysterol Biomarkers in Serum
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The standards of 4β-OHC and 4β-OHC-D7 (4β-hydroxycholesterol-25, 26, 26, 26, 27, 27, 27-D7, isotopically labelled internal standard of 4β-OHC) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc (Alabama) and 4α-OHC standard from Toronto Research Chemicals (Ontario, Canada). The standards of 7α-OHC, 7β-OHC, 22(R)-OHC, 22(S)-OHC, 24(S)-OHC, 25-OHC, and 27-OHC, isomers of 4β-OHC and 4α-OHC, were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis). Human serum albumin (HSA) was purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation (Osaka, Japan). Other reagents (2-methyl-6-nitrobenzoic anhydride, 4-dimethylamino-pyridine, and picolinic acid) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co, Ltd (Tokyo, Japan). Other solvents (water, methanol, 2-propanol, acetonitrile, n-hexane, formic acid, pyridine, triethylamine, and 28% sodium methoxide methanol solution) were of the highest analytical quality and were purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation.
10
Quantitative Lipid Profiling Protocol
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Formic acid, free cholesterol enzymatic test kit, trimethylamine, pyridine, sodium sulphate, palmitic acid, and palladium/carbon were purchased from FUJIFILM WAKO Chemicals (Osaka, Japan). Acetone, chloroform, ethanol, filipin complex, 1-hydroxytriazole, Ham′s F-12 medium, iodine, pivaloyl chloride, serine, and toluene were purchased from Nacalai tesque (Kyoto, Japan). Acetonitrile, methanol-d4, and chloroform-d were purchased from Kanto Kagaku (Tokyo, Japan). Acetyl chloride, dichloromethane, 1, 3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, imidazole, N-methylmorpholine, L-serine benzyl ester hydrochloride, and phosphorus trichloride were purchased from Tokyo chemical industry Co. (Tokyo, Japan). NBD-F was purchased from DONJINDO laboratories (Kumamoto, Japan). Choline tosylate was purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals (North York, ON, Canada). Foetal bovine serum was purchased from Gibco (Grand island, NY, USA). SPC and Lyso-SM (d17:1) were purchased from Avanti polar lipids, Co. Ltd. (Alabaster, AL, USA). Ultrapure water was prepared with PURELAB ultra (Organo Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) and used in all MS analyses.
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