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Rnascope 2.5 hd assay

Manufactured by Advanced Cell Diagnostics
Sourced in United States

The RNAScope 2.5 HD Assay is a multiplex fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technology developed by Advanced Cell Diagnostics. The assay enables the detection and quantification of target RNA molecules within intact cells and tissues, allowing for the visualization and analysis of gene expression patterns at a single-cell level.

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12 protocols using rnascope 2.5 hd assay

1

In Situ Hybridization of Mouse Eye Tissue

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One-month-old mice (C57/BL6J or BALB/cJ) were euthanized by CO2 inhalation. Eye tissue was fixed overnight in 4% paraformaldehyde/PBS and dehydrated through a graded series of ethanols and xylene. Tissue was embedded in paraffin and sectioned in the midsagittal plane at a thickness of 4 μm. Expression of selected genes was visualized by in situ hybridization using the RNAscope technique (RNAscope 2.5 HD assay; Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Hayward, CA), as described (Shi et al., 2013 (link); Wang et al., 2012 (link)). Target probe sets are listed in Table 1. Probes consisted of 20 pairs of oligonucleotides spanning a ≈1 kb region of the target mRNA transcript. Following proprietary preamplification and amplification steps, binding was visualized using an alkaline-phosphatase-conjugated probe with Fast Red as a substrate. As a negative control, adjacent tissue sections were incubated with a probe against DapB, a bacterial gene. The ubiquitously expressed PolR2A (DNA-directed RNA polymerase II polypeptide A) was used as a positive control. Results are representative of at least three independent experiments in each case. All in situ hybridization experiments were performed on both BALB/cJ and C57/BL6J mice with comparable results.
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2

In-Situ Hybridization of Varicella-Zoster Virus

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ISH was performed using the RNAScope 2.5 HD Assay and probes directed to SVV VLT (core VLT exons 1–3; cat# 549461), SVV ORF63 (cat# 438091), universally expressed positive control gene ubiquitin C (UBC) and negative control bacterial transcript DapB (all from Advanced Cell Diagnostics). Staining was visualized using FastRed as a substrate, nuclei were stained with hematoxylin and slides were mounted with Ecomount (Biocare Medical). ISH was performed on normal skin and varicella skin rash of n = 2 animals (AGM 269 and 279 in [23 (link)]), with n = 2 independent experiments and 3–4 skin biopsies per tissue section. Additionally, we performed ISH on 21 DRG from n = 2 animals (RM 2207 and RM 9021, [40 (link)]), encompassing 3 or 4 sacral ganglia and 7 lumbar ganglia per animal.
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3

Detecting Latent VZV Infection via IHC and ISH

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Consecutive 5 µm-thick FFPE TG sections from five latent VZV-infected subjects (Additional file 4: Table S2) were analyzed for CD3 protein expression and VZV VLT RNA expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH), respectively, as described previously [3 (link), 24 (link)]. In brief, IHC was performed using mouse anti-CD3 antibody (clone F7.2.38), biotin-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG antibody, and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin (all from ThermoFisher). Staining was visualized using 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole (AEC) and sections were counterstained with hematoxylin (Sigma-Aldrich). ISH was performed using probes specific to VZV VLT [3 (link)], mRNA of the human gene POLR2A (encoding DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1; positive control), and the bacterial gene dapB (encoding 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate reductase, Genbank Accession number EF191515; negative control) using the RNAScope 2.5 HD Assay (Advanced Cell Diagnostics). RNA integrity in tissue sections and specificity of the RNAScope Assay was demonstrated by robust POLR2A staining and absence of dapB ISH signal in all sections analyzed (Additional file 1: Figure S1). Complete tissue sections were scanned using the Nanozoomer 2.0 HT (Hamamatsu) and analyzed using NDP.view2 (Hamamatsu).
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4

Multiplexed ISH of Placental and Liver Genes

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ISH was performed using the RNAscope 2.5 HD Assay (322310 and 322360; Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Newark, CA) and appropriate probes and as per the manufacturer’s directions. The following probes were used: Ascl1 (476321; Advanced Cell Diagnostics), Igf2 (437671; Advanced Cell Diagnostics), PL-I (405521; Advanced Cell Diagnostics), and PL-II (423681; Advanced Cell Diagnostics). A positive control probe Ppib (310043; Advanced Cell Diagnostics) and a negative control probe DapB (313911; Advanced Cell Diagnostics) were used to determine the efficacy of the protocol. These probes were applied to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of mouse livers and placentas. The slide images were acquired by the Leica DM2000 microscope using the Leica Application Suite program. After approval from the institutional review boards, the laboratory information systems of our institute were searched. A set of paraffin blocks archived in the Department of Pathology of Indiana University School of Medicine were selected. They represented liver tissues from pregnant patients and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or hepatocellular adenoma. These paraffin blocks were sectioned for ISH with a human Ascl1 probe (459721; Advanced Cell Diagnostics).
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5

HIV-1 RNA Expression in Prefrontal Cortex

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Paraffin-embedded sections of prefrontal cortex (from the same subjects) were provided by the NNTC upon request. RNAScope 2.5 HD assay (Advanced Cell Diagnostics, ACD) was performed. Briefly, pre-treatment was performed with RNAscope 2.5 HD Detection Kit (RED) (Cat# 322360), RNAscope 2.5 Pretreat Reagents-H202 and Protease Plus (Cat#322330), RNAscope Target Retrieval (Cat#322000) and RNAscope Wash Buffer (Cat#310091), following manual instructions. Probe set V-HIV1-clade B-C3 (Cat#425531-C3) targeting different segments within the gag-pol region, as described [31 (link),32 (link),33 (link)]. Images were captured using the light feature of a Zeiss AXIO Observer.Z1 (Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen, Germany).
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6

Immunohistochemistry and RNA in situ Hybridization

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Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections were stained by standard immunohistochemistry using a VECTASTAIN ABC kit (Vector Laboratories) and DAB Peroxidase Substrate kit (Vector Laboratories) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. For RNA in situ hybridization, 5-µm formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were processed using the RNAscope 2.5 HD Assay and Mm-Ulbp1 probe (target region 2–1,472; Advanced Cell Diagnostics) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The Ulbp1+ signals by in situ hybridization were counted as pixels per high-power field using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health).
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7

Comprehensive FFPE Tissue Analysis

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FFPE tissue sections were analyzed by H&E staining, IHC, immunofluorescence (IF), and ISH. IHC and IF was performed using the following primary antibodies: mouse anti-CD3 (clone F7.2.38), anti-CD20 (L26), anti-CD68 (KP1), anti-granzyme B (GrB-7), anti–neutrophil elastase (NP57), anti–CD45 (2B11 + PD7/26), and anti-CD31 (JC70A) (all from Dako); anti-cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) and anti-pSTAT1 (Tyr701; clone ST1P-11A5) (Thermo Fisher Scientific); goat anti-MPO (AF3667; R&D systems); rabbit anti-citH3 (ab5103), anti–claudin-18 (34H14L15), and anti–VE cadherin (ab33168) (Abcam); and anti–IFN-α (PBL Assay Science) as described in Supplemental Methods. ISH was performed using probes directed to SVV ORF63 (71 (link)), CCL2, CXCL8, CXCL10, ubiquitin C (positive control), and the bacterial gene dapB (negative control) using the RNAScope 2.5 HD Assay (Advanced Cell Diagnostics) (Supplemental Methods).
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8

Quantitative smFISH of Cochlear Genes

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Single molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization (smFISH) was used to examine the expression of 10 genes in 10 mm-thin cochlear sections. The cochlea was prepared as described above for immunocytochemistry. Samples were prepared in PFA-fixed paraffin embedded tissue. Methods for the RNAscope™ 2.5 HD Assay from Advanced Cell Diagnostics were followed. Probes for 12 genes were purchased from ACD (Tmc1 (Cat No: 520911-C2), Chrna9 (818511), Kcnq4 (707481), Chrna10 (818521), Slc17a8 (549991), Slc7a14 (544781), Otof (485678), Clu (427891), Jund (1031951-C1), Foxo3 (485321), C1ql1 (465081-C2), and Sod1 (428581)). To compare the expression of gene of interest between 9 and 26 m, intensity (gray value) and area of the fluorescent signals were measured to obtain integrated density for individual IHCs and OHCs in each cochlear section. Fluorescent signals from three sections were averaged for each cell type at each age.
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9

In Situ Hybridization of Mouse Eye Tissue

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One-month-old mice (C57/BL6J or BALB/cJ) were euthanized by CO2 inhalation. Eye tissue was fixed overnight in 4% paraformaldehyde/PBS and dehydrated through a graded series of ethanols and xylene. Tissue was embedded in paraffin and sectioned in the midsagittal plane at a thickness of 4 μm. Expression of selected genes was visualized by in situ hybridization using the RNAscope technique (RNAscope 2.5 HD assay; Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Hayward, CA), as described (Shi et al., 2013 (link); Wang et al., 2012 (link)). Target probe sets are listed in Table 1. Probes consisted of 20 pairs of oligonucleotides spanning a ≈1 kb region of the target mRNA transcript. Following proprietary preamplification and amplification steps, binding was visualized using an alkaline-phosphatase-conjugated probe with Fast Red as a substrate. As a negative control, adjacent tissue sections were incubated with a probe against DapB, a bacterial gene. The ubiquitously expressed PolR2A (DNA-directed RNA polymerase II polypeptide A) was used as a positive control. Results are representative of at least three independent experiments in each case. All in situ hybridization experiments were performed on both BALB/cJ and C57/BL6J mice with comparable results.
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10

Quantifying TrkB mRNA Expression in Striatal Tissue

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To examine the impact of rs6265 on host striatal mRNA for the BDNF
receptor, tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB), we performed in
situ
hybridization (ISH) for Trkb mRNA on
1–2 tissue sections per animal at 40-μm thickness using the
manual RNAscope® 2.5 HD assay (Advanced Cell Diagnostics Inc.,
Hayward, CA, USA) according to manufacturer instructions, then
counterstained with cresyl violet. Images (2880 × 2048) were acquired
in the dorsolateral striatum adjacent to the graft using the 20x objective
on a Nikon Eclipse Ni microscope, maintaining identical light settings
across all images. The images were imported into the image visualization and
analysis software, Imaris® (v. 9.3.1, Oxford Instruments) using the
ImageJ (FIJI) extension. The Imaris® spots function was used to
reconstruct Trkb mRNA puncta in a two-dimensional field of
view, using the same parameters for all images, and the resulting data were
exported. Data are represented as the average of values collected from two
to four images per striatal hemisphere.
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