Hydroxylamine hydrochloride

H₂O₂ solution (30 wt%), ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate (EDTA), ethylenediamine (EDA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylenetetramine (TETA), tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), hydrochloric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid were all purchased from KeLong Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). Pentaethylenehexamine (PEHA) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Sodium persulfate (Na₂S₂O₈), ascorbic acid (AA), sodium citrate (SC), glutathione (GSH), hydroxylamine hydrochloride (HA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) were obtained from Adamas Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Quinine sulfate dihydrate (99.0%) was purchased from Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). 4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), ferric chloride, sodium chloride (NaCl) and other metal salts were all bought from Huaxia Reagent Co., Ltd (Chengdu, China). The human serum samples were all directly obtained from the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. The ultrapure water used in the study was purified with an AWL-1002-H (Aquapro International Company LLC., USA) ultrapure water system.

Carbonyl iron (Fe(CO)₅) was obtained from the Xindingpengfei Technology Development Co., Ltd (Beijing, China). Chloroauric acid (HAuCl₄) and oleic acid (OA) were delivered by Sigma-Aldrich (USA). The 1-octadecene (ODE) was purchased from Acros (Shanghai, China). Tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH), silver nitrate, and hydroxylamine hydrochloride were purchased from Adamas-beta (Shanghai, China). Trisodium citrate (TSC) was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd (Beijing, China). H₂O₂ was purchased from Chuandong Chemical Co. Ltd (Chongqing, China). Thoil-PEG2K was bought from the Xi’an Ruixi Biological Technology Co., Ltd (Xi’an, China). The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), Calcein Acetoxymethyl (AM)/Propidium Iodide (PI) Cell Viability Assay Kit, and Penicillin–Streptomycin Solution were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were obtained from HyClone (Shanghai, China). Phosphate buffer saline (PBS) powder was purchased from Boster Biotechnology (Wuhan, China). All the chemicals were used as delivered and all glassware engaged in synthesis were rinsed by aqua regia and deionized water before use.