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7 protocols using fc block clone 2.4g2

1

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cell Profiles

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Flow cytometry was used for analyzing the toxic effects of HCQ on lymphocytes with Zombie NIR™ Dye (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), and the frequencies of naïve CD4+T (CD4+CD62L+CD44-), Th1 (CD4+IFN-γ+), Th17 (CD4+IL-17A+), T regulator (Tregs) (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+) cells, and the expression of LOX-1 in RVECs. The cells were incubated with Fc block (clone 2.4G2, Bio Xcell) and stained with following antibodies from BioLegend: anti-mouse CD3 (BV421), anti-human CD3 (BV421), anti-human CD8 (PE), anti-human LOX-1 (APC), anti-mouse CD4 (Percp-cy5.5), anti-mouse CD25 (PE-cy7), anti-mouse CD44 (APC), anti-mouse CD62L (FITC), and anti-mouse CD69 (PE). For intracellular cytokine staining, the cells were stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (50 ng/mL; Sigma), ionomycin (500 ng/mL; Sigma), and Brefeldin A (1 µg/mL; Sigma) for 4–5 h. The The intracellular cytokines or transcription factor were stained with anti-human/mouse IFN-γ (BV786), anti-human/mouse IL-17A (BV650), and anti-human/mouse Foxp3 (FITC) after fixation and permeabilization. Data were analyzed using the FlowJo software 10.0 (Tree Star, Ashland, OR, USA).
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2

Comprehensive Immune Cell Profiling

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Cells were incubated with Fc-block (clone 2.4G2, BioXcell) and stained with the following antibodies (clones) from BioLegend, eBioscience or BD Biosciences: anti-CD3 (clone 145–2C11), anti-CD4 (RM4.5), anti-CD8 (53–6.7), anti-CD11b (M1/70), anti-CD11c (N418), anti-CD45 (30-F11), anti-Ly6C (HK1.4), anti-Ly6G (1A8), anti-SiglecF (1RNM44 N), and anti-CCR3 (J073E5). Fixable viability dyes, such as Ghost Dyes (Tonbo) and ViaKrome 808 (Beckman Coulter) were used to exclude dead cells from the analyses. For intracellular cytokine staining, cells were pulsed for 4 h with PMA (phorbol 12-miristate 13-acetate, 50 ng/mL), ionomycin (500 ng/mL), and Brefeldin A (GolgiPlug, BD), followed by 4% paraformaldehyde fixation and permeabilized (BD Biosciences) before intracellular cytokine staining for GM-CSF (MP1–22E9), IFN-γ (XMG1.2) and IL-17A (TC11–18H10.1). Stained cells were collected on MACSQuant analyzer (Miltenyi Biotec, Germany) or CytoFLEX (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA). Data were analyzed using FlowJo software (Tree Star, Ashland, OR, USA).
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3

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Tumor-Infiltrating Cells

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For flow cytometric analysis and cell sorting, tumors, lymph nodes and spleens were collected from mice and digested with 0.26 U/ml Liberase TM and 0.25 mg/ml DNase I at 37°C for 30 min. Samples were then filtered through a 70 μm cell strainer and washed twice with staining buffer. Cells were re-suspended in staining buffer (PBS with 2% FCS and 0.5 M EDTA). Cells were incubated with Fc Block (clone 2.4G2; BioX Cell) for 10 min. Subsequently, specific antibodies were added and staining was continued for 30 min on ice. Information for all the antibodies used are provided in Supplementary Table 1. OT-I specific T cells were stained using iTAg Tetramer/H-2KbOVA (SIINFEKEL) (MBL). After a washing step, cells were either analyzed on a BD Fortessa (BD) or sorted by AriaIIIu (BD). For the staining of cathepsins, splenocytes were stained with CD11c, B220, MHCII, CD8 and CD11b and then fixed with 4% PFA (Biolegend) for 30 minutes. Fixed cells were then washed twice with the 1x intracellular staining perm and wash buffer (Biolegend). Antibody against CTSA, CTSB, CTSD or CTSH was added and incubated overnight respectively. Alexa Fluor 568 Goat-anti-Rabbit IgG was added as the secondary antibody. CD11c+MHCII+B220 was gated and the expression of cathepsins was evaluated by the fluorescence intensity. Analysis of flow cytometry data was performed using Flowjo (Treestar).
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4

Multiparametric Flow Cytometry Analysis

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Cells from the eyes and spleen were incubated with Fc block (clone 2.4G2, BioXcell, Lebanon, NH) and stained with the following antibodies from Biolegend (San Diego, CA), Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA), BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA): anti-CD3 (clone 145–2C11), anti-CD4 (RM4.5), anti-CD8 (53–6.7), anti-CD45 (30-F11), anti-NK1.1 (PK136), anti-CD44 (1M7), and anti-CD62L (MEL-14). For intracellular cytokine staining, the cells were pulsed for 4 h with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA; 50 ng/ml), ionomycin (500 ng/ml), and brefeldin A (GolgiPlug, BD), followed by 4% paraformaldehyde fixation and permeabilization (BD Bioscience). The permeabilized cells were stained with fluorescently conjugated antibodies against Ki-67 (SolA15), Foxp3 (FJK-16s), T-bet (clone 4B10), RORgt (AFKJS-9), IFN-g (XMG1.2), and IL-17A (TC11–18H10.1) overnight. Stained cells were collected on a MACSQuant analyzer (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany). Data were analyzed using FlowJo software (Tree Star, Ashland, OR).
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5

Identification of FoxP3+ Regulatory T Cells

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Cells expressing FoxP3 were identified among spleen and lymph node cells, as well as cells from peripheral blood, using the FoxP3 staining kit provided by eBioscience and following the manufacturer’s protocol. Cells were incubated with Fc block (clone 2.4G2, BioXcell) and stained with the following antibodies: eBioscience anti-CD45-FITC (30-f11), anti-CD4-PerCP ef710 (RM4.5) and FoxP3-PE (FJK-16s) were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA). Anti-CD25-APC (PC61.5) and anti-CD8-PE-Cy7 were purchased from Biolegend (San Diego, CA). For FoxP3 staining, eBioscience FoxP3/transcription factor staining buffer set (Cat. Nr 00-5523-00) (Invitrogen) was used according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Tonbo Biosciences Ghost Dye™ Red 780 (Cat No. 13-0865) was used for excluding the dead cells. The staining patterns were processed by CytoFLEX (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA) and data were analyzed by FlowJo v. 10 (Tree Star, Ashland, OR, USA).
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6

Characterizing T Cell Subsets and Signaling

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Cells were incubated with Fc block (clone 2.4G2, BioXcell) and stained with following antibodies from BioLegend, eBioscience or BD Biosciences: anti-CD3 (clone 145-2C11), anti-CD4 (RM4.5), anti-CD25 (PC61.5), anti-CD45 (30-F11), anti-CD90.1 (OX-7) and anti-CD90.2 (53-2.1). For intracellular cytokine staining, cells were pulsed for 4 h with PMA (50 ng/ml), ionomycin (500 ng/ml), and Brefeldin A (GolgiPlug, BD), followed by 4% paraformaldehyde fixation and 0.05% Triton X-100 permeabilization before intracellular cytokine staining for T-bet (clone 4B10), RORγt (AFKJS-9), IFN-γ (XMG1.2) and IL-17A (TC11-18H10.1). For Foxp3 (FJK-16s) staining, eBioscience Foxp3 transcription factor staining kit was used according to the manufacturer’s protocol. For pSTAT3 (pY705), pSTAT4 (pY693), pAKT (pS473) staining, cells were fixed with Cytofix and permeabilized with Perm III buffer (BD Biosciences) according to manufacturer's instructions. Stained cells were collected on a MACSQuant analyzer (Miltenyi Biotec). Data were analyzed using FlowJo software (Tree Star, Ashland, OR, USA).
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7

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Tumor-Infiltrating Cells

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For flow cytometric analysis and cell sorting, tumors, lymph nodes and spleens were collected from mice and digested with 0.26 U/ml Liberase TM and 0.25 mg/ml DNase I at 37°C for 30 min. Samples were then filtered through a 70 μm cell strainer and washed twice with staining buffer. Cells were re-suspended in staining buffer (PBS with 2% FCS and 0.5 M EDTA). Cells were incubated with Fc Block (clone 2.4G2; BioX Cell) for 10 min. Subsequently, specific antibodies were added and staining was continued for 30 min on ice. Information for all the antibodies used are provided in Supplementary Table 1. OT-I specific T cells were stained using iTAg Tetramer/H-2KbOVA (SIINFEKEL) (MBL). After a washing step, cells were either analyzed on a BD Fortessa (BD) or sorted by AriaIIIu (BD). For the staining of cathepsins, splenocytes were stained with CD11c, B220, MHCII, CD8 and CD11b and then fixed with 4% PFA (Biolegend) for 30 minutes. Fixed cells were then washed twice with the 1x intracellular staining perm and wash buffer (Biolegend). Antibody against CTSA, CTSB, CTSD or CTSH was added and incubated overnight respectively. Alexa Fluor 568 Goat-anti-Rabbit IgG was added as the secondary antibody. CD11c+MHCII+B220 was gated and the expression of cathepsins was evaluated by the fluorescence intensity. Analysis of flow cytometry data was performed using Flowjo (Treestar).
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