The CsA-NSs samples were diluted in water to a suitable concentration. The mean particle size (MPS) and polydispersity index (PDI) of CsA-NSs with smaller particle sizes were detected by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), using a Malvern Zetasizer (ZS-90; Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK). Potentially larger particles or aggregates cannot be detected by PCS. So, the median diameter (D50) of CsA-NSs with larger particle sizes was analyzed by laser diffractometry (LD) using a Mastersizer (2000; Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK). The zeta potential of CsA-NSs was detected using a Malvern Zetasizer (ZS-90; Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK). The optical parameters of cyclosporin A were as follows: real refractive index (RI) 1.49 and imaginary refractive index (IRI) 0.03.20 (link) D50 will also be referred to as MPS for ease of description in the following article.
Malvern zetasizer zs90
Manufactured by Malvern Panalytical
Sourced in United Kingdom
The Malvern Zetasizer ZS90 is a dynamic light scattering (DLS) instrument used for the measurement of particle size, zeta potential, and molecular weight of materials in suspension or solution. The instrument uses non-invasive backscatter (NIBS) technology to analyze the Brownian motion of particles or molecules and determine their size distribution.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Mastersizer 2000, by Malvern Panalytical (2 mentions)
Tecnai g2 spirit tem, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Zeta cell, by Malvern Panalytical (1 mentions)
Zetasizer nano z, by Malvern Panalytical (1 mentions)
Morgagni 268 electron microscope, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Jsm 7500f, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Vacuum filtration assembly, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Analytical balance, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Ultrapure water system, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Series 200 hplc system, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
Franz diffusion cell, by PermeGear (1 mentions)
Jsm 5910, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Alpha300ra, by WITec (1 mentions)
0.22 μm filter, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Nanodrop 2000 2000c, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Thermal gravimetric analyzer, by Mettler Toledo (1 mentions)
S 4700, by Hitachi (1 mentions)
22 protocols using malvern zetasizer zs90
1
Particle Size and Zeta Potential Analysis of Cyclosporin A Nanoparticles
2
Characterization of Curcumin NLC Properties
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The Malvern Zetasizer ZS90 (Malvern Instruments, UK) at a 90degree scattering angle with dynamic light scattering was used for particle size and extent of the size distribution (PDI) of curcumin NLCs. For light scattering measurements, the samples were measured at a fixed angle of 90° at 25 °C. The scattering intensity was adjusted between 100-500 kcps by appropriately diluting the sample with double distilled water. The zeta potential was measured using the technique of laser doppler micro-electrophoresis by Malvern Zetasizer ZS90 (Malvern Instruments, UK). The zeta potential was measured by filling the samples into disposable zeta cell cuvettes and placing them in the sample chamber of ZS 90.
3
Crosslinked Polymer-Liposome Fabrication
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mPEG-b-P(MAAc)-chol and DPPC were weighed at various molar ratios, as summarized in Table 1 . Polymers (5 mg) and DPPC lipids (10 mg) were independently dissolved in a mixture of DCM/methanol (1:1 v/v). The concentration of solute in DCM/methanol was approximately 5 mg/mL. The solvent was gradually removed by rotary evaporation and the polymer-incorporated lipid was formed. Subsequently, PBS at pH 7.4 (7.5 mL) was added to rehydrate the film. The concentration of solute in PBS was approximately 2 mg/mL. The polymer–liposomes were fabricated by sonication for 6 min and extrusion using a 0.22 μm PVDF filter and a 0.1 μm PVDF filter. To obtain crosslinked polymer–liposomes, the crosslinkers were added into the polymer–liposome solution and incubated for 2 h. The particle size and PDI of the polymer–liposomes were measured by using DLS (Malvern Zetasizer ZS90, Malvern Instruments, Worcestershire, UK) of a 0.1 mg/mL sample in PBS. The correlation function was analyzed by the CONTIN method (a constrained regularization method for inverting data).
4
Multimodal Nanoparticle Self-Assembly
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Nanoparticles were formed by self-assembly after dissolving the freeze-dried HA conjugates, that is, paramagnetic HA alone, fluorescent HA alone, or varying ratios of the paramagnetic and fluorescent HA conjugates, in ultrapure water. Except for the experiments investigating the formation of multimodal nanoparticles over time, nanoparticle samples were equilibrated for 4 h and filtered through a 0.45 µm syringe filter prior to performing any measurements. Particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential were determined using a Malvern ZetaSizer ZS90 (Malvern Instruments; Malvern, UK). Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images were obtained using a FEI Tecnai G2 Spirit TEM (FEI; Hillsboro, Oregon) available in UNMC's electron microscopy core facility. Prior to TEM imaging, nanoparticles (concentration 1.0 mg/mL in ultrapure water) were placed on a formvar/silicone monoxide coated 200 mesh copper grids and allowed to adhere for approximately 2 minutes, NanoVan negative stain was applied for 30 seconds, and the sample was blotted to remove excess solvent or material.
5
Nanoparticle Characterization in Serum and Antibody
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NPs (0.1 mg) were dispersed
in 800 μL of deionized water in a folded capillary Zetacell
(Malvern Panalytical, Worcestershire, U.K.). Nanoparticle hydrodynamic
diameter and zeta potential were then measured with a Malvern Zetasizer
ZS90 (Malvern Panalytical) instrument at room temperature. Regarding
serum- and antibody-related experiments, a 20:1 volumetric ratio of
0.1 mg of NPs to mouse serum, or 2 mg/mL of IgG antibody, was used.
NPs were incubated with either serum alone, or serum and subsequently
antibody, for 15 min each. Incubations were done under gentle agitation
at room temperature. All diameter and zeta potential values are averages
of three replicates.
in 800 μL of deionized water in a folded capillary Zetacell
(Malvern Panalytical, Worcestershire, U.K.). Nanoparticle hydrodynamic
diameter and zeta potential were then measured with a Malvern Zetasizer
ZS90 (Malvern Panalytical) instrument at room temperature. Regarding
serum- and antibody-related experiments, a 20:1 volumetric ratio of
0.1 mg of NPs to mouse serum, or 2 mg/mL of IgG antibody, was used.
NPs were incubated with either serum alone, or serum and subsequently
antibody, for 15 min each. Incubations were done under gentle agitation
at room temperature. All diameter and zeta potential values are averages
of three replicates.
6
Characterizing Extracellular Vesicle Size and Polydispersity
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The Z-average size (Z-ave) and polydispersity index (PDI) of the OMVs were defined by DLS. The vesicles were analysed using Malvern Zetasizer ZS90 (Malvern Panalytical Ltd., Malvern, UK). Z-ave defines the mean diameter of the vesicles in nm (d.nm) while PDI describes the particle size distribution. For DLS measurements, 40 µL vesicle aliquots were transferred into disposable cuvettes and gently mixed to provide a homogeneous solution. Three independent aliquots were investigated, and three measurements were made for each. Data were analysed via Dispersion Technology Software (DTS) (V7.01) provided by Malvern Zetasizer Nano-ZS for particle sizing in solution. This software provided the Z-ave and PDI.PDI values lower than 0.05 indicate samples with highly monodisperse vesicular distribution. In contrast, PDI values greater than 0.2 denote samples with very wide vesicular distribution.
7
Characterizing TCE-AgNPs Zeta Potential
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The
zeta potential quantifies the electrostatic repulsion between an NP’s
surface and the surrounding fluid, which contains ions with the opposite
charge. The NPs’ zeta potential is less than or equal to −28
mV, indicating that they are agglomerated. A zeta sizer (Malvern Zetasizer
ZS-90, Malvern Instruments Ltd., U.K.) was used for DLS analysis to
quantify particle size and to evaluate the zeta potential of the TCE-AgNPs.24 (link)
zeta potential quantifies the electrostatic repulsion between an NP’s
surface and the surrounding fluid, which contains ions with the opposite
charge. The NPs’ zeta potential is less than or equal to −28
mV, indicating that they are agglomerated. A zeta sizer (Malvern Zetasizer
ZS-90, Malvern Instruments Ltd., U.K.) was used for DLS analysis to
quantify particle size and to evaluate the zeta potential of the TCE-AgNPs.24 (link)
8
Characterization of PCL Nanoparticles
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The size and morphology of the NPs were determined by transmission electron microscopy. One drop of the aqueous dispersion of PCL NPs was put on a Formvar-coated copper grid and then air-dried followed by one drop of 1% phosphotungstic acid. The dried grid was examined under a Philips Morgagni 268 electron microscope (5600 MD; FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA). The Malvern Zetasizer ZS-90 (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK) was used to determine the size distribution and zeta potential of PCL NPs at 25°C.
9
Characterization of Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles
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The absorbance spectra of GNPs were measured by SpectraMax Plus 384 Microplate Reader. Hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of nanoparticles were determined by Malvern Zetasizer (ZS90; Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK). Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM, JSM 7500F; JEOL, Tokyo, Japan) at accelerating voltage (1–30 kV) was used to study the morphology of GNPs.
10
Analytical Characterization of Pharmaceutical Samples
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Analytical balance (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan); bath sonicator (Hwashin Technology Co., Yeongcheon-si, Republic of Korea); vacuum filtration assembly (Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany); distilled water (Millipore ultrapure water system (Milford, CT, USA)). pH meter (Jenway, Essex, UK), magnetic stirrer (DLAB, Fontana, CA, USA), peristaltic pump (Longer Precision Pump Co., Ltd., Baoding, China), centrifuge (DLAB, CA, USA), scanning electron microscope (JSM-5910, JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), zeta sizer (Malvern Zetasizer ZS-90, Malvern Instruments Ltd., Malvern, UK), FTIR spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan, IRTracer-100), UV spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer Series 200, Lambda 25, PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA), Franz diffusion cell (Perme Gear, Hellertown, PA, USA), Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer (STA) 8000 by Perkin Elmer (Waltham, MA, USA). The Perkin Elmer Series 200 HPLC system (Norwalk, CT, USA) is coupled with UV–Visible detector, autosampler, in-line degasser, and column oven. The stationary phase used was SUPLECO C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) and connected via network chromatography interface (NCI 900). Spring applicator (20 mm dia. × 70 mm L; approx. 1.6 N) was purchased from Micropoint Technologies Pte, Ltd. (Singapore).
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