A hand-held coolant proof digimatic micrometer MDC-25PX (Mitutoyo Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) was utilized to quantify the thickness at ten random sites of the membrane separators.
Mdc 25px
Manufactured by Mitutoyo
Sourced in Japan
The MDC-25PX is a digital caliper manufactured by Mitutoyo. It has a measurement range of 0-25 mm and a resolution of 0.01 mm. The caliper is constructed with hardened stainless steel and features a large LCD display.
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Lab products found in correlation
5 protocols using mdc 25px
1
Membrane Thickness Measurement Protocol
2
Flexural Strength of Composite Specimens
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The rectangular specimens of Samples RC (control) and A-RC were stored in a desiccator at 25°C for 24 h after preparation (Section 2.3) and subjected to the three-point bending test in accordance with ISO 4049 [24] . The specimen was placed on supporting rods (2.0 mm in diameter, 20.0 mm in span-length) of the three-point bending jig. A universal testing machine (STB-1225S, A&D Inc., Japan) was used to apply a compressive load to the specimen in air at 23 ± 2°C via a loading rod (2.0 mm in diameter) at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min until fracture occurred.
The flexural strength δ (MPa) of each specimen was calculated from the measured fracture load P (N) using equation ( 1):
where l is the span length (20.0 mm) between the supporting rods and w and b are the width (~2.0 mm) and thickness (~2.0 mm) of the specimen. The w and b values for each specimen were measured with a digital micrometer (MDC-25PX, Mitutoyo Corp., Japan)
prior to the test. Six specimens were tested for each sample. The results were analyzed using Student's t-test, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The flexural strength δ (MPa) of each specimen was calculated from the measured fracture load P (N) using equation ( 1):
where l is the span length (20.0 mm) between the supporting rods and w and b are the width (~2.0 mm) and thickness (~2.0 mm) of the specimen. The w and b values for each specimen were measured with a digital micrometer (MDC-25PX, Mitutoyo Corp., Japan)
prior to the test. Six specimens were tested for each sample. The results were analyzed using Student's t-test, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
3
Film Thickness Measurement Technique
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The thickness of the films was measured with a hand-held digital micrometer MDC-25PX (Mitutoyo Corporation, Japan) with an accuracy of 1 μm. All measurements were randomly performed at three different places of the films.
4
Multilayered Zirconia Ceramic Preparation
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The zirconia (Table 1 ) used in this study, Cercon xt ML (Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC, USA) and Lava Esthetic (3M, St. Paul, MN, USA), were both precolored (A2 shade) 5Y-zirconia. Both zirconia samples had a multilayered structure, and a cutting machine was used (Accutom-100, Struers, Copenhagen, Denmark) to cut the specimens according to the layer fraction specified by the manufacturers (Figure 1 ). The upper and lower surfaces of the cut specimens were then sequentially dry polished with SiC-abrasive papers of 800, 1200, 2000, 3000, and 5000 grit sizes to reach a thickness of 1.25 mm for each layer (n = 5/layer), which was confirmed using micrometers (MDC-25PX, Mitutoyo, Kanagawa, Japan). Thereafter, sintering was carried out using a furnace (inLab Profire, Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC, USA) following the manufacturer’s instructions for conventional and high-speed sintering (Table 2 ). Because the Lava Esthetic did not provide a high-speed sintering schedule, the schedule used for Cercon xt ML was applied for high-speed sintering of Lava Esthetic. The final dimensions of the sintered specimens were 10.0 × 10.0 × 1.016 mm3 (±0.008).
5
Thickness Measurement of Blend Films
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The thickness of the obtained blend films was measured using Mitutoyo coolant-proof digimatic micrometers MDC-25PX at an accuracy of ± 0.001 mm (Mitutoyo Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) at random different points around the film. In total, thirty (30) measurements per formulation were performed, with three (3) films per formulation at ten (10) different positions per film. Mean values ± SD were determined.
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