colon (HCT-15 and
LoVo), and pancreatic (PSN-1) carcinoma cells were obtained from the
American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Rockville, MD, USA). Human
cervical carcinoma A431 cells were kindly provided by Prof. F. Zunino
(Division of Experimental Oncology B, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori,
Milan). Human ovarian adenocarcinoma 2008 cells were kindly provided
by Prof. G. Marverti (Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università
di Modena University, Italy). Human colon cancer cells resistant to
doxorubicin (LoVo MDR) were kindly provided by Prof. M. P. Rigobello
(Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Padova,
Italy). The LoVo-OXP cells were derived, using a standard protocol,
by growing LoVo cells in increasing concentrations of OXP and following
17 months of selection of resistant clones, as previously described.23 (link)Cell lines were maintained in the logarithmic
phase at 37 °C in a 5% carbon dioxide atmosphere using the following
culture media containing 10% fetal calf serum (EuroClone, Milan, Italy),
antibiotics (50 units/mL penicillin and 50 μg/mL streptomycin),
and 2 mM
A431, PSN-1, H157, HCT-15, and 2008 cells and (ii) Ham’S F-12
(Sigma Chemical Co.) for LoVo, LoVo MDR, and LoVo-OXP cells.