Anti vegf

Naringin was purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). Anti-VEGF (anti–vascular endothelial growth factor) polyclonal antibody (pAb) was obtained from Bioworld (Nanjing, China). SOD and MDA test kits were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Biology Institution (Nanjing, China). Rat TNF- α and IL-6 ELISA kits were purchased from Nanjing KeyGEN Biotech (Nanjing, China).

Bufalin and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co (St. Louis, MO, USA). Antibodies against E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, HIF-1α, and CD31 were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK); anti-Snail and anti-VEGF were purchased from Bioworld (Bioworld Technology, Minneapolis, MN, USA); and recombinant transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was purchased from R & D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA); The specific primary antibodies for mTOR, phospho-mTOR, AKT, phospho-AKT, PI3K, phospho-PI3K, ERK1/2, phospho-ERK1/2, JNK, phospho-JNK, p38 MAPK, phospho-p38 MAPK, and GAPDH were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA); The PI3K/AKT inhibitors including PI103 and MK-2206 were purchased from Selleck Chemicals LLC (Houston, TX, USA). The siRNA-AKT and siRNA-mTOR were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA).