Reporter vectors

The binding sites of NEDD4 and miR‐155‐5p were predicted using Starbase. The mutant and wide sequences of the binding site were accordingly designed and cloned into reporter vectors (Promega, Madison, WI, USA). Cells were seeded onto a culture plate and transduced with miR‐155‐5p mimic or mimic NC plus reporter vectors loading with the mutant or wild sequence. The luciferase activities in each group were measured using the dual luciferase reporter gene detection system (Promega, United States).

The wildtype target lncRNA or the one containing a mutant miRNA- binding area were constructed (Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA). Both of these lncRNA were cloned with a luciferase gene in reporter vectors (Promega, Madison, WI, USA). The synthetic vectors, Renilla luciferase reporter vector, and miRNA mimic were co-transfected into cells using the Lipofectamine 2000 kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) following the protocol provided by the manufacturer, 48h later cells were seeded into 96-well plates. The luciferase activity of Renilla plasmid (as the endogenic control, Promega, Madison, WI, USA) and target gene was assessed via Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay Kit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA).